Surat Luqmān (Luqman) - سورة لقمان

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

31:1

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Sahih International

Alif, Lam, Meem.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

Alif lām mīm: God knows best what He means by these [letters].

31:2

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Sahih International

These are verses of the wise Book,

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

Those, namely, these signs, are the signs of the wise Book, the Qur’ān, the one containing wisdom (the genitive annexation [āyātu’l-kitābi’l-hakīm] has the [partitive] meaning of min, ‘from’);

31:3

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Sahih International

As guidance and mercy for the doers of good

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

it is, a guidance and a mercy (read nominative rahmatun; the popular accusative reading [rahmatan] would make it a circumstantial qualifier referring to āyāt, ‘signs’, the operator of which being the implicit demonstrative import of tilka, ‘those’) for the virtuous,

31:4

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Sahih International

Who establish prayer and give zakah, and they, of the Hereafter, are certain [in faith].

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

who maintain the prayer (alladhīna yuqīmūna’l-salāta, an explication of al-muhsinīna, ‘the virtuous’) and pay the alms and who are certain of the Hereafter (the repetition of hum, ‘they’ [here translated ‘who’] is for emphasis).

31:5

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Sahih International

Those are on [right] guidance from their Lord, and it is those who are the successful.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

Such follow guidance from their Lord and it is they who are the successful, the winners.

31:6

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Sahih International

And of the people is he who buys the amusement of speech to mislead [others] from the way of Allah without knowledge and who takes it in ridicule. Those will have a humiliating punishment.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And among people there is he who purchases idle talk, in other words, that [part of it] which diverts [people] from its [true] significance, that he may lead [people] astray (read li-yadilla; or li-yudilla) from the way of God, the religion of Islam, without knowledge and take it (read [subjunctive] wa-yattakhidhahā as a supplement to yudilla, ‘that he may lead astray’; or [indicative] wa-yattakhidhuhā as a supplement to yashtarī, ‘who buys’) in mockery, as something to be mocked. For such there will be a humiliating chastisement, one of abasement.

31:7

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Sahih International

And when our verses are recited to him, he turns away arrogantly as if he had not heard them, as if there was in his ears deafness. So give him tidings of a painful punishment.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

And when Our signs, in other words, [in] the Qur’ān, are recited to such [a one] he turns away disdainfully as though he never heard them, as though there were a deafness in his ears (both comparisons constitute two circumstantial qualifiers referring to the subject of [the verb] wallā, ‘turns away’; or it is that the second [comparison] is an explication of the first). So give him tidings of, inform him of, a painful chastisement. The use of [the expression] ‘good tidings’ meant derisively against such [a person] — this was al-Nadr b. al-Hārith. He used to visit al-Hīra for commerce and purchase books containing the stories of the non-Arab peoples and then recount these to the people of Mecca. He would say, ‘Muhammad recounts to you the stories of ‘Ād and Thamūd, whereas I relate to you the stories of the Persians and the Byzantines!’ They would thus [go to] enjoy his stories and neglect to listen to the Qur’ān.

31:8

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Sahih International

Indeed, those who believe and do righteous deeds - for them are the Gardens of Pleasure.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

Surely those who believe and perform righteous deeds, for them there shall be Gardens of Bliss,

31:9

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Sahih International

Wherein they abide eternally; [it is] the promise of Allah [which is] truth. And He is the Exalted in Might, the Wise.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

abiding therein (khālidīna fīhā, is a circumstantial qualification [of a future status]), in other words, their abiding therein will have been ordained once they enter it — a promise of God in truth, that is to say, God promised them this and realised it in truth; and He is the Mighty, Whom nothing can overwhelm and so prevent Him from fulfilling His promise and His threat [of chastisement], the Wise, the One Who assigns all things to their rightful places.

31:10

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Sahih International

He created the heavens without pillars that you see and has cast into the earth firmly set mountains, lest it should shift with you, and dispersed therein from every creature. And We sent down rain from the sky and made grow therein [plants] of every noble kind.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

He created the heavens without any pillars that you can see (‘amad is the plural of ‘imād, which is an ustuwāna, ‘a column’) — this is the truth since there are no actual pillars — and cast high mountains into the earth, lest it shake with you, and He dispersed therein all kinds beasts. And We sent down (there is a shift from the third [to the second] person) water from the heaven and We caused to grow in it of every splendid kind, [every] fair specimen.

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Surat Luqmān (Luqman) - سورة لقمان