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A Renewable Lignin–Lactide Copolymer and Application in Biobased Composites

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† Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
‡ Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
§ Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
*Tel: 001-650-724-5928. E-mail: [email protected]
Cite this: ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. 2013, 1, 10, 1231–1238
Publication Date (Web):July 26, 2013
https://doi.org/10.1021/sc4000835
Copyright © 2013 American Chemical Society
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    Abstract

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    The need for renewable alternatives to traditional petroleum-derived plastics has driven recent interest in biobased composite materials that are sourced from carbon-neutral feedstocks. Lignin, an abundant plant-derived feedstock, has been a candidate for renewable materials; however, it is often difficult to blend with other biopolymers. In order to improve the miscibility of lignin with other bioplastics, we developed a catalytic and solvent free method for synthesis of a lignin–PLA copolymer. Graft polymerization of lactide onto lignin catalyzed by triazabicyclodecene (TBD) resulted in a lignin-g-poly(lactic acid) copolymer; chain length of the PLA is controlled by varying of the lignin/lactide ratio and preacetylation treatment. End-group analysis reveals high grafting efficiency and preferential grafting on lignin aliphatic hydroxyls over phenolic hydroxyls. The lignin-g-PLA copolymers display a glass transition temperature range from 45 to 85 °C and multiphase melting behavior. The lignin-g-PLA copolymers are used as dispersion modifiers in PLA-based materials to enhance UV absorption and reduce brittleness without a sacrifice in the modulus of elasticity.

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    Tabulated data related to the structural and mechanical characterization of lignin-g-PLA copolymers. This material is available free of charge via the Internet at http://pubs.acs.org.

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