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Office: Building 30
Mail Code: 94305-2015
Phone: (650) 725-9222
Email: languagecenter@stanford.edu
Web Site: http://language.stanford.edu

The Stanford Language Center oversees all language instruction at Stanford. The center's charge is to guarantee that Stanford language programs are of the highest quality; to develop and administer achievement and proficiency tests needed to implement the language requirement; to provide technical assistance and support to the graduate students, lecturers, and faculty who deliver Stanford's language instruction; and to take leadership in research and development efforts in language learning. The Language Center is a unit within the Division of Literatures, Cultures, and Languages.

Courses

Courses offered by the Language Center are listed under the following subject codes on the Stanford Bulletin's ExploreCourses web site:

Beginning-Level, First-Year Courses

Beginning-level, first-year language courses require no previous knowledge of the language. The beginning-level sequence emphasizes development of the full range of language skills, reading, listening comprehension, the use of grammatical structures, and oral and written communication, through a variety of learning themes. Individual, small group, interactive work and multimedia-based activities reinforce language skills and provide the platform for adapting the curriculum to specific student learning goals. Cultural awareness is a strong component of the curriculum.

Intermediate-Level, Second-Year Courses

Intermediate-level, second-year language courses require completion of the beginning sequence, corresponding placement or consent of the program coordinator. The intermediate-level sequence focuses on continuous mastery and development of skills that help students to converse and present accurately and more fluently, incorporate more advanced grammatical structures in their oral and written work, use idiomatic expressions in the right context, and read and write more sophisticated compositions. Curricular objectives and enhanced cultural understanding are built into the courses through a multimodal approach.

Advanced-Level, Third-Year Courses

Advanced-level, third-year language courses require completion of the intermediate-year sequence, corresponding placement or consent of the program coordinator. The advanced-level sequence focuses on accurate understanding and use of structures through authentic texts and multimedia materials, and readings from various genres. Individual learning goals and student proficiency are taken into account to provide a learning environment that helps students become more autonomous learners.

Proficiency in Foreign Language Notation

A student who demonstrates levels of achievement equivalent to those expected at the end of the third quarter of the third year of study in a language may be awarded the notation "proficiency in" that language on the official transcript. Successful candidates tend to have completed the third year or beyond of language study at Stanford and spent considerable time studying abroad in the foreign language.

In order to receive the proficiency notation and for it to appear on the official transcript, the student must complete the following oral and written requirements according to the timeline below. The notation is available only for languages where external assessment is offered through Language Testing International. Successful completion of the oral component is required before proceeding with the written component.

Both oral and written components must be completed no later than the quarter preceding the graduating quarter.

For more information, contact languagecenter@stanford.edu.  

Application and Oral Component: Two quarters prior to graduation

  1. Notify the Language Center via email of the intent to pursue the notation and request an official Oral Proficiency Interview (OPI). Since this is a formal interview conducted according to national academic and professional standards, at least two quarters of lead time are essential for scheduling.

  2. Complete the 30-minute Oral Proficiency Interview as scheduled through the Language Center and conducted by a certified OPI tester. The interview must take place no later than one quarter prior to graduation and be administered on campus

  3. Receive an official rating of Advanced Low or higher on the Foreign Service Institute/American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (FSI/ACTFL) scale of oral proficiency, except in the non-cognate languages which require a minimum rating of Intermediate High. Students who do not meet the minimum level for the notation will nonetheless receive an official OPI rating, which carries national recognition of their oral proficiency.

Writing Component: One quarter prior to graduation

  1. Once approved to continue with the writing component, schedule a Writing Proficiency Test (WPT) through the Language Center. As an official writing assessment, the 90-minute exam must take place no later than one quarter prior to graduation and as soon as possible after the interview. The WPT is administered on campus and rated by a certified WPT rater.
  2. Receive an official rating of Advanced Low or higher on the Foreign Service Institute/American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (FSI/ACTFL) scale of writing proficiency, except in the non-cognate languages which require a minimum rating of Intermediate High. Students who do not meet the minimum level for the notation will nonetheless receive an official WPT rating, which carries national recognition of their writing proficiency.

Proficiency Notation Timetable

  1. Graduating Spring/Summer: Apply Autumn; interview Autumn/Winter; writing Winter.
  2. Graduating Autumn: Apply Winter; interview Winter/Spring; writing Spring.
  3. Graduating Winter: Apply Spring; interview Spring/Autumn; writing Autumn.

Overseas Studies Courses in the Language Center

For course descriptions and additional offerings, see the listings in the Stanford Bulletin's ExploreCourses web site or the Bing Overseas Studies web site. Students should consult their department or program's student services office for applicability of Overseas Studies courses to a major or minor program.

African and Middle Eastern Languages and Literatures Program

The African and Middle Eastern Languages and Literatures Program offers classes in Hebrew, Persian, Swahili, Turkish, and African languages not regularly taught at Stanford. Based on current funding and student requests, the courses planned for 2015-16 are listed in the "ExploreCourses" section of this Bulletin under the AMELANG program. Additional languages may still be offered upon request, provided funding is available. Requests for the 2016-17 academic year should be made by Spring Quarter of this year to the AME program office by email to khalil@stanford.edu.

First, second, and third year each refer to the yearly sequence of language study.  Letter suffixes refer to the quarter within the sequence: "A" courses are typically taught in Autumn; "B" courses, in Winter; and "C" courses in Spring.  Courses are 4 or 5 units as listed. In some circumstances, a beginning or intermediate course may be offered in alternate years. Language courses may not be repeated for credit, and must be taken in sequence.

Fulfilling the Language Requirement in AME

Students can fulfill the language requirement by taking an African or Middle Eastern Language. At least 12 units are needed to complete the requirement. Students who have taken courses in the relevant language at another institution, or have previous knowledge of the language, can request to be tested. Tests are comprised of two parts, written and oral. Students must display first-year level proficiency in the requested language to fulfill the requirement. Testing is guaranteed only for languages currently offered. Students planning to take a test must contact the AME Program no later than the Spring Quarter of their sophomore year. To submit a request for language testing, or to request that a language be taught, and for further information on the program, see the African and Middle Eastern Language Program web site.

Special Language Program

The Special Language Program (SLP) offers foreign languages not otherwise taught at Stanford. Based on current funding and student requests, the courses planned for 2015-16 are listed in the "Explore Courses" section of this Bulletin under the Special Languages (SPECLANG) Program; however, not every course listed is taught. Additional languages may still be offered upon request, provided funding is available. Requests for the 2016-17 academic year should be made by Spring Quarter of this year at the Special Language Program office (eprionas@stanford.edu).

First-year courses are offered for 4 or 5 units, as listed. First, second, and third year each refer to the yearly sequence of language study. Letter suffixes refer to the quarter within the sequence: "A" courses are typically taught in Autumn; "B" courses, in Winter; and "C" courses in Spring. In some circumstances, a beginning or intermediate course may be offered in alternate years. Language courses may not be repeated for credit, and must be taken in sequence.  For additional information, see the Special Language Program web site.

Fulfilling the Language Requirement in Special Language Program

Students can fulfill the language requirement by taking courses offered by the Special Language Program. At least 12 units are needed to complete the requirement. Students who have already taken courses in the relevant language at another institution, or who have previous knowledge of the language, can request to be tested. Tests are comprised of written and oral parts. A student must display first-year level proficiency in the requested language in order to fulfill the requirement. Testing is guaranteed only for these languages currently offered. Students planning to take a test must contact the Special Language Program no later than the Spring Quarter of sophomore year. To submit a request for language testing, or to request that a language be taught, and for further information on the program, contact the Special Language Program office (eprionas@stanford.edu).

Minors in the Division of Literatures, Cultures, and Languages (DLCL)

The Division of Literatures, Cultures, and Languages, of which the Language Center is a part, offers the following minors that may be of interest to foreign language students. For more information, consult the contact specified in the relevant minor following.

Minor in Modern Languages

The Division of Literatures, Cultures, and Languages offers an undergraduate minor that draws upon courses in literature and language within the division's departments and elsewhere in the University.  The minor in Modern Languages is offered to students who want to supplement the course work in their major with course work in modern languages and literatures. The minor must be approved by the chairs of undergraduate studies of the respective language departments.

Students in any field qualify for the minor by meeting the following requirements:

Units
A minimum of 16 units (8 units per language) at the intermediate level (second year) or beyond, not including conversational, oral communication, business, or medical language courses in two languages other than English offered by the DLCL.16
At least one additional course, at the 100 level or above, in each modern language being studied in the minor. These courses must be taught by DLCL Academic Council members or other senior members of the DLCL faculty.6-10

Students are recommended to study, work, or intern abroad for at least eight weeks at a location where one of the languages is spoken. Course work in this minor may not duplicate work counted toward other majors or minors. Advanced Placement credit and transfer credit do not apply to this minor. All courses must be taken for a letter grade. By University policy, no more than 36 units may be required in this minor.  Students declare the minor in Modern Languages through Axess.

For further information including procedures for declaring the minor, contact Denise Winters at denisew1@stanford.edu.

Minor in Translation Studies

Faculty Director: Indra Levy

Minor Adviser: Cintia Santana

The Division of Literatures, Cultures, and Languages, in cooperation with East Asian Languages and Cultures and the English Department, teaches undergraduates to develop and apply their foreign language knowledge to the production and analysis of translations. The minor is designed to give students majoring in a variety of fields the tools to consider the practical and theoretical issues brought up by translation as an aesthetic, cultural, and ethical practice.

Course work in this minor may not duplicate work counted toward other majors or minors. Course selection must be approved by the minor adviser.  For further information, contact the minor adviser, Cintia Santana.

Students must take a minimum of 23 units for a letter grade, in fulfillment of the following requirements:

Units
1. Prerequisite: Complete or test out of a first-year course in the language of interest.
2. Core course: At least 4 units in a Translation Studies core course: ENGLISH/DLCL 293 or JAPANGEN 122/KORGEN 122 *4
3. Language study: At least 8 units, second year or beyond (not including conversation/oral communication) and/or relevant literature courses taught in the target language. OSP and transfer units may be considered in consultation with the minor adviser. 8
4. Literature study: At least 7 units in relevant literature courses at the 100-level or above, taught in a DLCL department, East Asian Languages and Cultures, or Classics, and determined in consultation with the minor adviser. For students interested in translation from English into another language, appropriate literature courses in the English department may be substituted.7
5. Electives: At least 4 units in a creative writing course, or a course that foregrounds translation in departments such as Anthropology, any DLCL department, English, East Asian Languages and Cultures, Classics, Linguistics (e.g., LINGUIST 130A), or Computer Science (e.g., CS 124), determined in consultation with the minor adviser.4
6. Final Project: Students must also complete a capstone project: a significant translation and/or translation studies project (e.g. 20 pages of prose, 10 poems, or similar appropriate amount to be determined in consultation with the minor adviser). This work may be carried out under the supervision of an instructor in a required course or as an independent study.
Total Units23
*

 Core course JAPANGEN 121 will be offered in 2016-17.

Minor in Middle Eastern Languages, Literatures, and Cultures

Faculty Director: Alexander Key

The undergraduate minor in Middle Eastern Languages, Literatures, and Cultures (MELLAC) has been designed to give students majoring in other departments an opportunity to gain a substantial introduction to Arabic, Hebrew, Middle Eastern, and African languages, and the cultures and civilizations of the Middle East and Africa. Contact the faculty director, Alexander Key <akey@stanford.edu> before declaring the minor:

  • Courses for the minor must be taken for a letter grade unless only offered for faculty-elected satisfactory/no credit.
  • All courses must be completed with a letter grade of 'C' or better.
  • Students may not overlap (double-count) courses for completing major and minor requirements
  • Students declaring the minor must do so no later than the last day of Spring Quarter of their junior year.

The minor in Middle Eastern Languages, Literatures and Cultures (MELLAC) has two tracks. Their requirements are as follows.

Minor in Middle Eastern Languages, Literatures, and Cultures, Arabic Track

Requirements for the minor include:

  • Completion of four ARABLANG courses at the second-year level or higher, for a total of 20 units
  • Up to 5 units of transfer credit may count towards this minor with the Faculty Director's approval.
  • Two literature courses taught with Arabic texts, generally offered in Comparative Literature (COMPLIT) for a total of 6-10 units
  • One course relating to Arabic taught with English texts, generally offered in Comparative Literature (COMPLIT), for a total of 3-5 units.
  • Students must test for Proficiency in Arabic through the Language Center by Winter Quarter of tge senior year.
    • Students should minimally receive a notation of 'intermediate-High'.
    • Those requiring outside tutoring are advised to seek resources are available through the DLCL.
  • All courses must be approved by the faculty director.

Minor in Middle Eastern Languages, Literatures, and Cultures, Hebrew, Persian, Turkish, or African Languages, Literatures and Cultures Track

Requirements for the minor include:

  • Three language classes in Hebrew, Persian, Turkish, or an African language.
    • All three courses must be in the same language and first year or beyond.
  • 20 additional units from relevant literature and culture courses.
    • Courses are offered through the Language Center and DLCL departments.
    • One of these courses must be a (COMPLIT) Comparative Literature course.
    • Additional courses are offered through Jewish Studies (JEWISHST), and the Center for African Studies (AFRICAST).
  • The faculty director may approve some upper-level language classes to count towards the 20 additional units.
  • All courses must be approved by the faculty director.

Certificate in Language Program Management

Faculty Director: Elizabeth Bernhardt

Programs in contemporary foreign language teaching preparation entail a knowledge base that has grown over the past 30 years, rooted in data from an explosion of linguistic as well as applied linguistic research.

In tandem with the Language Center's primary focus on learning research and theory, which graduate students explore in the teaching preparation program, the Language Program Management certificate focuses on developing the professional leadership and academic skills necessary for a career that includes the coordination and management of language learning.

The program funds summer internships which enable the completion of a certificate in Language Program Management and are intended to help Stanford graduate students prepare themselves for such work in complement to their literary studies. The certificate program is not declared on Axess and does not appear on the transcript or diploma.

Prerequisites

  1. Foreign language acquisition: Oral Proficiency Interview (OPI) rating of at least advanced mid
  2. Academic and professional development:
  • DLCL 301 The Learning and Teaching of Second Languages
  • Modified Oral Proficiency Interview (MOPI) Assessment workshop (2 days)
  • Limited OPI Tester Certification (average 6 months)
  • Teaching of three first-year language courses through the Language Center

These are generally met by the end of a graduate student's second year in the PhD program. Once meeting these criteria, the student may be admitted to the Program.

Requirements

Upon admission to the program, students must complete the following:

  1. DLCL 302 The Learning and Teaching of Second-Language Literatures: a course designed to focus student attention on the development of oral language proficiency through the upper levels and emphasize the need for upper register speaking and writing for literature learning and teaching.
  2. OPI workshop (additional 2 days of training at the Advanced and Superior levels): this workshop is the extension of the MOPI. It focuses on upper register performance on the FSI-ACTFL scale. Hosted by either the Language Center, regional workshop, or at the national meeting of the ACTFL.
  3. Completion of Writing Proficiency Familiarization workshop (Winter Quarter): Workshop conducted by a certified writing tester and structured in parallel to the MOPI/OPI assessment paradigm.
  4. DLCL 303 Language Program Management (Summer Quarter): an administrative internship including, but not limited to, experiences with the following:
  • Shadow faculty and staff in select areas of administration and supervision within the Language Center and DLCL
  • Placement testing and student advisement
  • Technology in teaching and learning
  • Processes for teacher observation and feedback
  • Procedures in staff supervision and human resources
  • Course scheduling, budgeting, staffing, and searches
  • Interface with external programs (e.g., BOSP, Bechtel, VPTL)

Director: Elizabeth Bernhardt

Associate Director: Joan Molitoris

African and Middle Eastern Languages

Coordinator: Khalil Barhoum

Lecturers: Ameneh Shervin Emami (Persian), Ebru Ergul (Turkish), Jon Levitow (Yiddish), Samuel Mukoma (Swahili), Gallia Porat (Hebrew), Vered Shemtov (Sr. Lecturer in Jewish Language & Literature)

Arabic Language

Coordinator: Khalid Obeid

Lecturers: Salem Aweiss, Khalil Barhoum (Sr. Lecturer), Thoraya Boumehdi, Ramzi Salti

Catalan Language

Coordinator: Joan Molitoris (Associate Director, Language Center)

Teaching Assistant: Cortney Miller

Chinese Language

Coordinator: Chao Fen Sun (Professor, Asian Languages and Cultures)

Lecturers: Marina Chung, Michelle DiBello, Sik Lee Dennig, Nina Lin, Yu-hwa Liao Rozelle, Le Tang, Huazhi Wang, Hong Zeng, Youping Zhang, Xiaofang Zhou

English for Foreign Students

Director and Senior Lecturer: Philip Hubbard

Lecturers: Robyn Brinks Lockwood, Kristopher Geda, Carole Mawson, Andrea Kevech, Kenneth Romeo, Constance Rylance, Seth Streichler, Dominic Wang

French Language

Coordinator: Heather Howard

Lecturers: Maria Comsa, Marie Lasnier, Alix Mazuet, Vera Shapirshteyn

German Language

Coordinator: Paul Nissler

Lecturers: Jason Kooiker, William E. Petig (Sr. Lecturer)

Italian Language

Coordinator: Anna Cellinese

Lecturers: Marta Baldocchi, Alessandra McCarty, Giovanni Tempesta

Japanese Language

Coordinator: Yoshiko Matsumoto (Professor, Asian Languages and Cultures)

Lecturers: Momoyo Kubo Lowdermilk, Emiko Yasumoto Magnani, Emi Mukai, Chie Muramatsu, Momoe Saito Fu, Kayoko Takeuchi, Yoshiko Tomiyama

Korean Language

Coordinator: Hee-Sun Kim

Lecturer: Hannah Yoon

Portuguese Language

Coordinator and Senior Lecturer: Lyris Wiedemann

Lecturer: Agripino Silveira

Slavic Language

Coordinator: Eugenia Khassina

Senior Lecturer: Rima Greenhill

Spanish Language

Coordinator: Alice Miano

Lecturers: Vivian Brates, Citlalli del Carpio, Irene Corso, Joan Molitoris (Associate Director, Language Center), Carimer Ortiz Cuevas, Kara Sanchez, Ana Maria Sierra, María Cristina Urruela, Ana Vivancos, Hae-Joon Won

Special Language Program

Coordinator: Eva Prionas, Modern Greek Language and Literature

Lecturers: Cathy Haas (ASL), Dzuong Nguyen (Vietnamese), Brajesh Samarth (Hindi)

Fulbright Scholars: Jan Rich Guira (Tagalog),  Afroja Sultana (Bengali)

Tibetan Language Program

Lecturer and Coordinator: Robert W. Clark

Overseas Studies Courses in the Language Center

The Bing Overseas Studies Program manages Stanford study abroad programs for Stanford undergraduates. Students should consult their department or program's student services office for applicability of Overseas Studies courses to a major or minor program.

The Bing Overseas Studies course search site displays courses, locations, and quarters relevant to specific majors.

For course descriptions and additional offerings, see the listings in the Stanford Bulletin's ExploreCourses or Bing Overseas Studies.

Overseas Studies Courses in Chinese

Units
OSPBEIJ 1CFirst-Year Modern Chinese, First Quarter5
OSPBEIJ 3CFirst-Year Modern Chinese, Third Quarter5
OSPBEIJ 6CBeginning Conversational Chinese, First Quarter2
OSPBEIJ 8CBeginning Conversational Chinese, Third Quarter2
OSPBEIJ 21CSecond-Year Modern Chinese5
OSPBEIJ 23CSecond-Year Modern Chinese5
OSPBEIJ 101CThird-Year Modern Chinese5
OSPBEIJ 103CThird-Year Modern Chinese5
OSPBEIJ 211CFourth-Year Modern Chinese5
OSPBEIJ 213CFourth-Year Modern Chinese5

Overseas Studies Courses in French

Units
OSPPARIS 22PIntermediate French I5
OSPPARIS 23PIntermediate French II5
OSPPARIS 124PAdvanced French I5
OSPPARIS 125PAdvanced French II5

Overseas Studies Courses in German

Units
OSPBER 1ZAccelerated German: First and Second Quarters8
OSPBER 2ZAccelerated German, Second and Third Quarters8
OSPBER 3BGerman Language and Culture5
OSPBER 21BIntermediate German5
OSPBER 100BBerlin Heute2
OSPBER 101BAdvanced German5

Overseas Studies Courses in Italian

Units
OSPFLOR 21FAccelerated Second-Year Italian, Part A5
OSPFLOR 22FAccelerated Second-Year Italian Part B5
OSPFLOR 31FAdvanced Oral Communication: Italian3

Overseas Studies Courses in Japanese

Units
OSPKYOTO 2KFirst-Year Japanese Language, Culture, and Communication, Second Quarter5
OSPKYOTO 3KFirst-Year Japanese Language, Culture, and Communication, Third Quarter5
OSPKYOTO 21KSecond-Year Japanese Language, Culture, and Communication, First Quarter5
OSPKYOTO 22KSecond-Year Japanese Language, Culture, and Communication, Second Quarter5
OSPKYOTO 23KSecond-Year Japanese Language, Culture, and Communication, Third Quarter5
OSPKYOTO 102KThird-Year Japanese Language, Culture, and Communication, Second Quarter5
OSPKYOTO 103KThird-Year Japanese Language, Culture, and Communication, Third Quarter5
OSPKYOTO 210KAdvanced Japanese5

Overseas Studies Courses in Spanish

Units
OSPMADRD 12MAccelerated Second-Year Spanish I5
OSPMADRD 13MAccelerated Second-Year Spanish II5
OSPMADRD 102MComposition and Writing Workshop for Students in Madrid3-5
OSPSANTG 12SAccelerated Second-Year Spanish, Part I: Chilean Emphasis5
OSPSANTG 13SAccelerated Second-Year Spanish, Part II: Chilean Emphasis5
OSPSANTG 102SComposition and Writing Workshop for Students in Santiago3-5

African & Middle Eastern Languages Courses

AMELANG 15T. Intermediate to Advanced Turkish Conversation. 2 Units.

Students develop communicative skills while discussing real-life issues, current events and cultural topics. The goal is to use culturally appropriate forms in formal and informal conversations, expressing emotions, feelings, and ideas in social and academic contexts. Pronunciation, vocabulary building, presentational language and daily readings are stressed. Students lead class discussions and prepare short presentations. Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

AMELANG 51A. Reading Biblical Hebrew, First Quarter. 2 Units.

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AMELANG 70A. Accelerated First-Year Swahili, Part 1. 5 Units.

First quarter of the two-quarter accelerated sequence. For students with little or no prior experience studying Swahili. Students acquire beginning proficiency in Swahili at an accelerated pace through intensive listening, speaking, reading, and writing, with special insight into Swahili-speaking cultures. Emphasis is on authentic materials and active use of the language in real-world contexts in order to develop functional abilities. Completion of AMELANG 70B fulfills the University foreign language requirement.

AMELANG 70B. Accelerated first-year Swahili part 2. 5 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 70A. Completes the first-year sequence in two rather than three quarters. Students develop first-year proficiency in Swahili at an accelerated pace through active language use and participation in Swahili-speaking practices. Emphasis is on development of speaking, listening, reading, and writing through authentic materials and appropriate cultural contexts. Fulfills the University foreign language requirement. Prerequisite: AMELANG 70A or consent of instructor.

AMELANG 71A. Accelerated Second-Year Swahili, Part 1. 4 Units.

Accelerated Second-Year Swahili, Part 1. Accelerated Swahili second year is the third part of the accelerated sequence. It is designed for students who have prior experience studying Swahili. Completion of accelerated first year Swahili , or equivalent is a prerequisite. Students acquire proficiency in Swahili at an accelerated pace through intensive listening, speaking, reading, and writing, with special insight into Swahili-speaking cultures. Emphasis is on authentic materials and active use of the language in real-world contexts in order to develop functional abilities.

AMELANG 71B. Accelerated Second-Year Swahili, Part 2. 4 Units.

. It is designed for students who have prior experience in studying Swahili. Completion of second year accelerated part two Swahili , or equivalent is a prerequisite. Students acquire proficiency in Swahili at an accelerated pace through intensive listening, speaking, reading, and writing, with special insight into Swahili-speaking cultures. Emphasis is on authentic materials and active use of the languagenin real-world contexts in order to develop functional abilities.

AMELANG 84A. Accelerate First-Year Turkish, Part 1. 5 Units.

First part of the accelerated first-year sequence. AMELANG 84A and 84B complete the first year in two quarters rather than three quarters. Fulfills the University Language requirement.nnGoal is to engage in interactions with Turkish speakers using socially and culturally appropriate forms. Emphasis is on the accelerated development of language proficiency, listening comprehension, reading and writing skills through conversational practice and in-class/online writing activities. Discussion of culture and social life is integrated into daily language learning activities through authentic materials.

AMELANG 84B. Accelerated First-Year Turkish, part 2. 5 Units.

Second part of the accelerated first-year sequence. AMELANG 84A and 84B complete the first year in two rather than three quarters. AMELANG 84B (Accelerated First-Year Turkish, Part 2) fulfills the University language requirement.nGoal is to engage in interactions with Turkish speakers using socially and culturally appropriate forms. Emphasis is on the accelerated development of language proficiency, listening comprehension, reading and writing skills through conversational practice and in-class/online writing activities. Discussion of culture and social life is integrated into daily language learning activities through authentic materials.

AMELANG 99. Undergraduate Directed Reading. 1-3 Unit.

This course does not fulfill the University language requirement.

AMELANG 100A. Beginning Amharic, First Quarter. 4 Units.

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AMELANG 100B. First-Year Amharic, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 100A. Prerequisite AMELANG 100A.

AMELANG 100C. First-Year Amharic, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 100B. Prerequisite AMELANG 100B. Fulfills the University Foreign Language Requirement.

AMELANG 101A. Second-Year Amharic, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 100C.Prerequisite: AMELANG 100C.

AMELANG 101B. Second-Year Amharic, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 101A. Prerequisite AMELANG 101A.

AMELANG 101C. Second-Year Amharic, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 101B. Prerequisite: AMELANG 101B.

AMELANG 103A. First-Year Hausa, First Quarter. 4 Units.

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AMELANG 103B. First-Year Hausa, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 103A. Prerequisite: AMELANG 103A.

AMELANG 103C. First-Year Hausa, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 103B. Prerequisite: AMELANG 103B.

AMELANG 106A. First-Year Swahili, First Quarter. 5 Units.

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AMELANG 106B. First-Year Swahili, Second Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 106A. Prerequisite: AMELANG 106A.

AMELANG 106C. First-Year Swahili, Third Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 106B. Prerequisite: AMELANG 106B. Fulfills the University foreign language requirement.

AMELANG 107A. Second-Year Swahili, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 106C. Prerequisite: AMELANG 106C.

AMELANG 107B. Second-Year Swahili, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 107A. Prerequisite: AMELANG 107A.

AMELANG 107C. Second-Year Swahili, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 107B. Prerequisite: AMELANG 107B.

AMELANG 108A. Third-Year Swahili, First Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 107C. Prerequisite: AMELANG 107C.

AMELANG 108B. Third-Year Swahili, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 108A. Prerequisite: AMELANG 108A.

AMELANG 108C. Third-Year Swahili, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 108B. Prerequisite: AMELANG 108B or consent of instructor.

AMELANG 110A. First-Year Wolof, First Quarter. 3 Units.

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AMELANG 114A. Beginning Afrikaans, First Quarter. 4 Units.

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AMELANG 114B. Beginning Afrikaans, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

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AMELANG 115A. Second year - Afrikaans, First Quarter. 4 Units.

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AMELANG 115B. Second - year Afrikaans, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

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AMELANG 115C. Second - YearAfrikaans, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

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AMELANG 126. Reflection on the Other: The Jew and the Arab in Literature. 3-5 Units.

How literary works outside the realm of Western culture struggle with questions such as identity, minority, and the issue of the Other. How the Arab is viewed in Hebrew literature, film and music and how the Jew is viewed in Palestinian works in Hebrew or Arabic (in translation to English). Historical, political, and sociological forces that have contributed to the shaping of these writers' views.nnGuest lectures about the Jew in Palestinian literature and music.
Same as: COMPLIT 145, JEWISHST 106

AMELANG 128A. First-Year Hebrew, First Quarter. 5 Units.

.
Same as: JEWISHST 101A

AMELANG 128B. First-Year Hebrew, Second Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 128A. Prerequisite: Placement Test, AMELANG 128A.
Same as: JEWISHST 101B

AMELANG 128C. First-Year Hebrew, Third Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 128B. Prerequisite: Placement Test, AMELANG 128B. Fulfill the University Foreign Language Requirement.
Same as: JEWISHST 101C

AMELANG 129A. Second-Year Hebrew, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 128C. Prerequisite: Placement Test, AMELANG 128C.
Same as: JEWISHST 102A

AMELANG 129B. Second-Year Hebrew, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 129A. Prerequisite: Placement Test, AMELANG 129A.
Same as: JEWISHST 102B

AMELANG 129C. Second-Year Hebrew, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 129B. Prerequisite: Placement Test, AMELANG 129B.
Same as: JEWISHST 102C

AMELANG 130A. Third-Year Hebrew, First Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 129C. Prerequisite: Placement Test, AMELANG 129C.
Same as: JEWISHST 103A

AMELANG 131A. Hebrew Forum. 2-4 Units.

Intermediate and advanced level. Biweekly Hebrew discussion on contemporary issues with Israeli guest speakers. Vocabulary enhancement. Focus on exposure to academic Hebrew.
Same as: JEWISHST 104

AMELANG 131B. Hebrew Forum. 2-4 Units.

Intermediate and advanced level. Biweekly Hebrew discussion on contemporary issues with Israeli guest speakers. Vocabulary enhancement. Focus on exposure to academic Hebrew.
Same as: JEWISHST 105

AMELANG 133B. The African Forum, Second Quarter. 1 Unit.

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AMELANG 133C. The African Forum, Third Quarter. 1 Unit.

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AMELANG 134A. First-Year Igbo, First Quarter. 4 Units.

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AMELANG 134B. First-Year Igbo, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 134A. Prerequisite: AMELANG 134A.

AMELANG 134C. First-Year Igbo, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 134B. Prerequisite: AMELANG 134B. Fulfills University Foreign Language requirement.

AMELANG 135A. Second-Year Igbo, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 134C. Prerequisite: AMELANG 134C.

AMELANG 136A. First-Year Xhosa, First Quarter. 4 Units.

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AMELANG 136B. First-Year Xhosa, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 136A. Prerequisite: AMELANG 136A.

AMELANG 136C. First-Year Xhosa, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 136B. Prerequisite: AMELANG 136B. Fulfills the University Foreign Language Requirement.

AMELANG 137A. Second-Year Xhosa, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 136C. Prerequisite: AMELANG 136C or consent of instructor.

AMELANG 137B. Second-Year Xhosa, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 137A. Prerequisite: AMELANG 137A or consent of instructor.

AMELANG 137C. Second-Year Xhosa, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 137B. Prerequisite: AMELANG 137B or consent of instructor.

AMELANG 140A. First-Year Yiddish, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Reading, writing, and speaking.
Same as: JEWISHST 104A

AMELANG 140B. First-Year Yiddish, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 140A. Prerequisite: AMELANG.
Same as: JEWISHST 104B

AMELANG 140C. First-Year Yiddish, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 140B. Prerequisite: AMELANG 140B. Fulfills the University Foreign Language Requirement.
Same as: JEWISHST 104C

AMELANG 141A. Second-Year Yiddish, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 140C. Prerequisite: AMELANG 140C.

AMELANG 141B. Second-Year Yiddish, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 141A. Prerequisite: AMELANG 141A.

AMELANG 141C. Second-Year Yiddish, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 141B. Prerequisite: AMELANG 141B.

AMELANG 144A. First-Year Modern Persian, First Quarter. 5 Units.

One-year sequence. Modern Persian for beginners; concentrates on rapidly developing basic skills in speaking, reading, writing, and understanding modern Persian. Strong emphasis is on the links between language and culture. The course is based on a fully integrated multimedia program. Students will learn the language with an emphasis on communicative and interactive classroom activities.

AMELANG 144B. First-Year Modern Persian, Second Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of AMLELANG 144A. One-year sequence. Modern Persian for beginners; concentrates on rapidly developing basic skills in speaking, reading, writing, and understanding modern Persian. Strong emphasis is on the links between language and culture. The course is based on a fully integrated multimedia program. Students will learn the language with an emphasis on communicative and interactive classroom activities. Prerequisite: Placement Test, AMELANG 144A.

AMELANG 144C. First-Year Modern Persian, Third Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 144B. One-year sequence. Modern Persian for beginners; concentrates on rapidly developing basic skills in speaking, reading, writing, and understanding modern Persian. Strong emphasis is on the links between language and culture. The course is based on a fully integrated multimedia program. Students will learn the language with an emphasis on communicative and interactive classroom activities. Fulfills the University Foreign Language Requirement. Prerequisite: Placement Test, AMELANG 144B. Fulfills the University Foreign Language Requirement.

AMELANG 145A. Second-Year Modern Persian, First Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuationof AMELANG 144C. Expands students' proficiency in Persian language and culture at intermediate level through various texts and multimedia. It stresses oral fluency, written expression, and reading comprehension. Students will continue to learn the language with an emphasis on communicative and interactive classroom activities. Students will be introduced to contemporary as well as classical short poems by famous Persian poets like Rumi. Prerequisite: Placement nnTest, AMELANG 144C.

AMELANG 145B. Second-Year Modern Persian, Second Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 145A. Expands students' proficiency in Persian language and culture at intermediate level through various texts and multimedia. It stresses oral fluency, written expression, and reading comprehension. Students will continue to learn the language with an emphasis on communicative and interactive classroom activities. Students will be introduced to contemporary as well as classical short poems by famous Persian poets like Rumi. Prerequisite: Placement Test, AMELANG 144A.

AMELANG 145C. Second-Year Modern Persian ,Third Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 145B. Expands students' proficiency in Persian language and culture at intermediate level through various texts and multimedia. It stresses oral fluency, written expression, and reading comprehension. Students will continue to learn the language with an emphasis on communicative and interactive classroom activities. Students will be introduced to contemporary as well as classical short poems by famous Persian poets like Rumi. Prerequisite: Placement Test, AMELANG 144B.

AMELANG 146A. Third-Year Persian, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 145C. Prerequisite: Placement Test, AMELANG 145C.

AMELANG 146B. Third-Year Persian, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 146A. Prerequisite: Placement Test, AMELANG 146A.

AMELANG 146C. Third-Year Persian, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 146B. Prerequisite: Placement Test, AMELANG 146B.

AMELANG 153. Introduction to Twi. 1 Unit.

Introduction to the Twi language especially designed for Center for African Studies students going to Ghana in the Summer.

AMELANG 153A. First-Year Twi, First Quarter. 4 Units.

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AMELANG 153B. First-Year Twi, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 153A. Prerequisite: AMELANG 153A.

AMELANG 153C. First-Year Beginning Twi, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 153B. Prerequisite: AMELANG 153B. Fulfills the University Foreign Language Requirement.

AMELANG 154A. Second-Year Twi, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 153C. Prerequisite: AMELANG 153C.

AMELANG 154B. Second-Year Twi, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 154A. Prerequisite: AMELANG 154A.

AMELANG 154C. Second-Year Twi, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 154B. Prerequisite: AMELANG 154B.

AMELANG 156A. First-Year Zulu, First Quarter. 4 Units.

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AMELANG 156B. First-Year Zulu, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 156A. Prerequisite AMELANG 156A.

AMELANG 156C. First-Year Zulu, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 156B. Prerequisite: AMELANG 156B. Fulfills the University Foreign Language Requirement.

AMELANG 157A. Secont-Year Zulu, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 156C. Prerequisite AMELANG 156C.

AMELANG 157B. Second-Year Zulu, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 157A. Prerequisite: AMELANG 157A.

AMELANG 157C. Second-Year Zulu, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 157B. Prerequisite: AMELANG 157B.

AMELANG 170A. Biblical Hebrew, First Quarter. 2 Units.

Establish a basic familiarity with the grammar and vocabulary of Biblical Hebrew and will begin developing a facility with the language. Students that are enrolled in this course must also enroll in Beginning Hebrew. This course requires no prior knowledge of Hebrew and will begin with learning the alphabet. By the end of the year, students will be able to translate basic biblical texts, will be familiar with common lexica and reference grammars, and will have sufficient foundational knowledge to enable them to continue expanding their knowledge either in a subsequent course or own their own.
Same as: JEWISHST 107A, RELIGST 170A

AMELANG 170B. Biblical Hebrew, Second Quarter. 2 Units.

Continuation of 170A.
Same as: JEWISHST 107B

AMELANG 170C. Biblical Hebrew, Third Quarter. 2 Units.

Continuation of 170B.
Same as: JEWISHST 107C

AMELANG 171. The Bible in Modern Hebrew Literature. 3-4 Units.

The role of biblical myths in shaping Israeli identity and the development of a secular Hebrew literature. Readings include modern Hebrew poems and novels which offer new meanings to the stories of Genesis, Exodus, David, and the Song of Songs and make them relevant to the context of modern and postmodern Israeli culture. Readings in Hebrew and English. Prerequisite: intermediate Hebrew.

AMELANG 175. Co-Existence in Hebrew Literature. 4-5 Units.

Is co-existence possible? Does pluralism require co-existence? Can texts serve as forms of co-existence? The class will focus on these and other questions related to coexistence and literature. Through reading works mostly by Jewish authors writing in Europe, Israel and the US we will explore attempts for complete equality, for a variety of hierarchical systems and for different kinds of co-dependence. Guest speaker: professor Anat Weisman, Ben Gurion University of the Negev.
Same as: COMPLIT 161, JEWISHST 146

AMELANG 176. Introduction to Ladino: Language, Literature, and Culture. 1-4 Unit.

Prerequisite: two quarters of Spanish.

AMELANG 177. Middle Eastern Cities in Literature and Film. 4-5 Units.

Sources include short stories, novels, and movies about Beirut, Tel Aviv, Jerusalem, Cairo, and Amman. Focus is on a cultural and intellectual history of each city. Issues such as the role that Middle Eastern cities play in the development of the modern Hebrew and Arabic novels, the city as a center of social and political life, and the city as a space of collective memory.

AMELANG 180A. First-Year Kinyarwanda, First Quarter. 4 Units.

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AMELANG 180B. First-Year Kinyarwanda, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 180A. Prerequisite: AMELANG 180A.

AMELANG 182A. Intermediate Fulani, First Quarter. 3 Units.

Fulfill the University foreign language requirement.

AMELANG 182B. Intermediate Fulani, Second Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of 182A.

AMELANG 182C. Intermediate Fulani, Third Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of 182B.

AMELANG 184A. First-Year Turkish, First Quarter. 5 Units.

Designed for students who have interest in learning Turkish language, culture, history, cuisine and social life. Proficiency-based orientation with emphasis on oral comprehension and speaking. The grammar is presented through communicative activities where students are exposed to authentic input.

AMELANG 184B. First-Year Turkish, Second Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG184A. Emphasis on speaking, oral comprehension and beginning reading and writing skills. Turkish culture and social life is integrated in daily language learning process through authentic materials. Prerequisite: AMELANG 184A.

AMELANG 184C. First-Year Turkish, Third Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 184B. Emphasis is on speaking, oral comprehension, reading and writing skills. Reading simple texts, studying Turkish pop music, viewing short documentaries and communicative writing exercises are part of daily class activities. Prerequisite: AMELANG 184B or consent of instructor. Fulfills the University Foreign Language Requirement.

AMELANG 185A. Second-Year Turkish, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 184C. Designed for students with previous knowledge of Turkish who wish to learn in depth about Turkish culture, history, social life, literature, cuisine and artistic trends. Emphasis on developing intermediate proficiency in reading, writing, listening and speaking. Class discussions and activities aim to enable students to perform various tasks in the target language. Prerequisite: AMELANG 184C.

AMELANG 185B. Second-Year Turkish, Second Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 185A. Main focus is on class discussions and essay writing practices about daily life in Turkey. Prerequisite: AMELANG 185A.

AMELANG 185C. Second-Year Turkish, Third Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 185B. Main focus is on class discussions and essay writing practices about daily life in Turkey. End of quarter presentation in Turkish. Prerequisite: AMELANG 185B.

AMELANG 186A. Third-Year Turkish, First Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 185C. Prerequisite: AMELANG 185C.

AMELANG 186B. Third-Year Turkish, Second Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 186A. Prerequisite: AMELANG 186A.

AMELANG 186C. Third-Year Turkish, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 186B. Prerequisite: AMELANG 186B.

AMELANG 187A. First-Year Yoruba, First Quarter. 4 Units.

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AMELANG 187B. First-Year Yoruba, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of 187A.

AMELANG 187C. First-Year Yoruba, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of 187B.

AMELANG 188A. Second - Year Yoruba. 4 Units.

The continuation of 187C.

AMELANG 188B. Second Year Yoruba. 4 Units.

Continuation of 188B.

AMELANG 203A. Beginning Hausa, First Quarter. 3 Units.

For grads only.

AMELANG 203B. Beginning Hausa, Second Quarter. 3 Units.

For grads only.

AMELANG 206B. Intensive Beginning Swahili, Part B. 4 Units.

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AMELANG 206C. Intensive Beginning Swahili, Part C. 4 Units.

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AMELANG 216A. Contemporary Language of Iran, First Quarter. 3 Units.

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AMELANG 216B. Contemporary Language of Iran, Second Quarter. 3 Units.

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AMELANG 216C. Contemporary Language of Iran, Third Quarter. 3 Units.

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AMELANG 221A. Beginning Tigrinya, first quarter. 4 Units.

The basic introductory course in Tigrigna is designed for students who have no previous knowledge of Tigrigna and who are interested in learning about the culture, literature, social life Introductory courses in Tigrigna that will help students with all the four language skills: reading, writing, speaking and listening. nIn addition, cultural elements through audiovisual will be introduced throughout the course.

AMELANG 221B. Beginning Tigrinya, second quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of AMELANG 221A . Prerequisite 221A.

AMELANG 221C. Beginning Tigrinya, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of Amelang 211B- Prerequisite AMELANG 221B- Fulfills the University Foreign Language requirement.

AMELANG 250A. Reading Hebrew, First Quarter. 2-4 Units.

Introduction to Hebrew literature through short stories and poetry by notable Israeli writers. In Hebrew. Prerequisite: one year of Hebrew or equivalent.
Same as: JEWISHST 205

AMELANG 297. Directed Reading in African and Middle Eastern Languages. 1-5 Unit.

May be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

AMELANG 395. Graduate Studies in African and Middle Eastern Languages. 1-5 Unit.

Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

Arabic Language Courses

ARABLANG 1. First-Year Arabic, First Quarter. 5 Units.

(Formerly AMELANG 1A.) One-year sequence designed to develop beginning proficiency, with additional emphasis is on reading and writing standard Arabic.

ARABLANG 1A. Accelerated First-Year Arabic, Part I. 5 Units.

Completes first-year sequence in two rather than three quarters. For students with previous knowledge of Arabic. Prerequisite: Placement Test or consent of instructor.

ARABLANG 1H. First-Year Arabic for Heritage Learners, First Quarter. 5 Units.

(Formerly AMELANG 1H). For students with home background or study/living experience in the Arab world. Designed to develop reading, writing, speaking and listening abilities in Arabic, as well as cultural knowledge. The course offers Arabic heritage and semi-heritage learners an opportunity to reactivate and expand their skills while studying both Modern Standard and Colloquial Arabic (Levantine Arabic) formally in an academic setting. Prerequisite: Placement Test or consent of instructor.

ARABLANG 2. First-Year Arabic, Second Quarter. 5 Units.

(Formerly AMELANG 1B.) One-year sequence designed to develop beginning proficiency, with additional emphasis on reading and writing standard Arabic. nPrerequisite: Placement Test, ARABLANG 1.

ARABLANG 2A. Accelerated First-Year Arabic, Part II. 5 Units.

Completes first-year sequence in two rather than three quarters. For students with previous knowledge of Arabic. Prerequisite: Placement Test, completion of ARABLANG 1A. This course fulfills the University Foreign Language Requirement.

ARABLANG 2H. First-Year Arabic for Heritage Learners, Second Quarter. 5 Units.

(Formerly AMELANG 2H). Continuation of ARABLANG 1H. For students with home background or study/living experience in the Arab world. Designed to develop reading, writing, speaking and listening abilities in Arabic, as well as cultural knowledge. The course offers Arabic heritage and semi-heritage learners an opportunity to reactivate and expand their skills while studying both Modern Standard and Colloquial Arabic (Levantine Arabic) formally in an academic setting. Prerequisite: Placement Test, ARABLANG 1H.

ARABLANG 3. First-Year Arabic, Third Quarter. 5 Units.

(Formerly AMELANG 1C.) Continuation of ARABLANG 2. One-year sequence designed to develop beginning proficiency, with additional emphasis on reading and writing standard Arabic (fusha). Fulfills the University Foreign Language Requirement. Prerequisite: Placement Test, ARABLANG 2.

ARABLANG 3H. Beginning Arabic for Heritage Learners, Third Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of ARABLANG 2H. For students with home background or study/living experience in the Arab world. Designed to develop reading, writing, speaking and listening abilities in Arabic, as well as cultural knowledge. The course offers Arabic heritage and semi-heritage learners an opportunity to reactivate and expand their skills while studying both Modern Standard and Colloquial Arabic (Levantine Arabic) formally in an academic setting. Prerequisite: ARABLANG 2H.

ARABLANG 5. Intensive first year Arabic. 15 Units.

Same as ARABLANG 1, 2, 3 combined. One-year sequence designed to develop beginning proficiency, with additional emphasis on reading and writing standard Arabic.

ARABLANG 10. Arabic Calligraphy. 2 Units.

(Formerly AMELANG 30). Calligraphy requires no linguistic background, stipulates no artistic skill for one to appreciate it and is the supreme art form of the Islamic world. Other Islamic arts (architecture, metal work, ceramics, glass, and textiles) draw on calligraphy as their principal source of embellishment. Interactive lecture-workshop sketches its development and illustrates the forms of Arabic calligraphy in use today.

ARABLANG 14A. Short Stories and Poetry from the Arab World - Part I. 2-4 Units.

(Formerly AMELANG 34). Short Stories and Poetry from the Arab World - Selections of short stories and poetry written by contemporary Arab writers. Discussion and analysis of representative samples spanning a wide spectrum of the Arab world, e.g., Egypt, Iraq, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Palestine, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, and Yemen. The creative impulses and cultural symbols involved in the interpretation of each work. The stories and poetry illustrate the rich diversity of the Arab world and accentuate the various cultural issues and forces influencing Arab writers. Pr-requisite: completion of 2nd year Arabic or equivalent.

ARABLANG 21. Second-Year Arabic, First Quarter. 5 Units.

(Formerly AMELANG 11A.) One-year sequence designed to develop intermediate proficiency, with additional emphasis on functional applications and reading and writing standard Arabic. Prerequisite: Placement Test, ARABLANG 3.

ARABLANG 21H. Second-Year Arabic for Heritage Learners, First Quarter. 5 Units.

(Formerly AMELANG 11H). For students with home background or study/living experience in the Arab world. Designed to develop reading, writing, speaking and listening abilities in Arabic, as well as cultural knowledge. The course offers Arabic heritage and semi-heritage learners an opportunity to reactivate and expand their skills while studying both Modern Standard and Colloquial Arabic (Levantine Arabic) formally in an academic setting. Prerequisite: Placement Test, ARABLANG 3H.

ARABLANG 22. Second-Year Arabic, Second Quarter. 5 Units.

(Formerly AMELANG 11B.) Continuation of ARABLANG 21. One-year sequence designed to develop intermediate proficiency, with additional emphasis on functional applications and reading and writing standard Arabic. Prerequisite:Placement Test, ARABLANG 21.

ARABLANG 22A. Accelerated second-Year Arabic, Part II. 5 Units.

Completes Second-year sequence in two rather than three quarters. For students with previous knowledge of Arabic. Prerequisite: Placement Test, ARABLANG 22A.

ARABLANG 22H. Second-Year Arabic for Heritage Learners, Second Quarter. 5 Units.

(Formerly AMELANG 12H). Continuation of ARABLANG 21H. For students with home background or study/living experience in the Arab world. Designed to develop reading, writing, speaking and listening abilities in Arabic, as well as cultural knowledge. The course offers Arabic heritage and semi-heritage learners an opportunity to reactivate and expand their skills while studying both Modern Standard and Colloquial Arabic (Levantine Arabic) formally in an academic setting. Prerequisite: Placement Test, ARABLANG 21H.

ARABLANG 23. Second-Year Arabic, Third Quarter. 5 Units.

(Formerly AMELANG 11C.) Continuation of ARABLANG 22. One-year sequence designed to develop intermediate proficiency, with additional emphasis on functional applications and reading and writing standard Arabic. Prerequisite: Placement Test, ARABLANG 22.

ARABLANG 23H. Second-Year Arabic for Heritage Learners, Third Quarter. 5 Units.

(Formerly AMELANG 13H). Continuation of ARABLANG 22H. For students with home background or study/living experience in the Arab world. Designed to develop reading, writing, speaking and listening abilities in Arabic, as well as cultural knowledge. The course offers Arabic heritage and semi-heritage learners an opportunity to reactivate and expand their skills while studying both Modern Standard and Colloquial Arabic (Levantine Arabic) formally in an academic setting. Prerequisite: Placement Test, ARABLANG 23H.

ARABLANG 25. Intensive 2nd year Arabic. 15 Units.

Same as ARABLANG 21, 22, 23 combined. Prerequisite: one year of college-level Arabic or equivalent or completion of ARABLANG 3. Stanford graduate students restricted to 9 units may take ARABLANG 225 for a total of 9 units.

ARABLANG 125A. Colloquial Arabic, First Quarter. 4 Units.

(Formerly AMELANG 25A.) Sources include authentic videotaped conversations with native speakers, conversations, and texts of these conversations to enhance comprehension and improve aural skills. Prerequisite: 2 years of Arabic.

ARABLANG 125B. Colloquial Arabic, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Formerly AMELANG 25B.) Continuation of ARABLANG 125A. Sources include authentic videotaped conversations with native speakers, conversations, and texts of these conversations to enhance comprehension and improve aural skills. Prerequisite: ARABLANG 125A (Colloquial Levantine)nMay be repeated for credit.

ARABLANG 125C. Colloquial Arabic, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

(Formerly AMELANG 25C.) Continuation of ARABLANG 125B. Sources include authentic videotaped conversations with native speakers, conversations, and texts of these conversations to enhance comprehension and improve aural skills. Prerequisite: ARABLANG 125B. Colloquial Levantine nMay be repeated for credit.

ARABLANG 126A. Media Arabic, First Quarter. 2-4 Units.

(Formerly AMELANG 26A.) Arabic language used today in the printed and electronic media, including the Internet. Emphasizes current vocabulary and structures used in different modes of media coverage. Prerequisite: 2 years of Arabic.

ARABLANG 126B. Media Arabic, Second Quarter. 2-4 Units.

(Formerly AMELANG 26B.) Continuation of ARABLANG 126A. Arabic language used today in the printed and electronic media, including the Internet. Emphasizes current vocabulary and structures used in different modes of media coverage. Prerequisite: ARABLANG 126A.

ARABLANG 126C. Media Arabic, Third Quarter. 2-4 Units.

(Formerly AMELANG 26C.) Continuation of ARABLANG 126B. Arabic language used today in the printed and electronic media, including the Internet. Emphasizes current vocabulary and structures used in different modes of media coverage. Prerequisite: ARABLANG 126B.

ARABLANG 127. Intermediate to Advanced Conversation. 3 Units.

Students develop communication skills (listening and speaking) in Arabic while discussing real-life issues, current events, and cultural topics. Pronunciation, vocabulary development, and group discussion skills are stressed. May be taken concurrently with other Arabic courses. Prerequisite: Completion of First-Year Arabic.

ARABLANG 131. Third-Year Arabic, First Quarter. 5 Units.

(Formerly AMELANG 21A.) Continuation of ARABLANG 23. One-year sequence designed to develop advanced proficiency with emphasis on complex and compound sentences through use of literary works, media Arabic, the Internet, and cultural productions. Prerequisite: Placement Test, ARABLANG 23.

ARABLANG 131H. Third-Year Arabic for Heritage Learners, First Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of ARABLANG 23H. Prerequisite ARABLANG 23H.

ARABLANG 132. Third-Year Arabic, Second Quarter. 5 Units.

(Formerly AMELANG 21B.) Continuation of ARABLANG 131. One-year sequence designed to develop advanced proficiency with emphasis on complex and compound sentences through use of literary works, media Arabic, the Internet, and cultural productions. Prerequisite: Placement Test, ARAB;AMG 131.

ARABLANG 132H. Third-Year Arabic for Heritage Learners, Second Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of ARABLANG 131H. Prerequisite: ARABLANG 131H.

ARABLANG 133. Third-Year Arabic, Third Quarter. 5 Units.

(Formerly AMELANG 21C.) Continuation of ARABLANG 132. One-year sequence designed to develop advanced proficiency with emphasis on complex and compound sentences through use of literary works, media Arabic, the Internet, and cultural productions. Prerequisite: Placement Test, ARABLANG 132.

ARABLANG 133H. Third-Year Arabic for Heritage Learners, Third Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of ARABLANG 132H. Prerequisite: ARABLANG 132H.

ARABLANG 141. Fourth-Year Arabic, First Quarter. 4 Units.

(Formerly AMELANG 23A.) Prerequisite: three years of Arabic.

ARABLANG 142. Fourth-Year Arabic, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

(Formerly AMELANG 23B.) Continuation of ARABLANG 141.Prerequisite: ARABLANG 141.

ARABLANG 143. Fourth-Year Arabic, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

(Formerly AMELANG 23C.) Continuation of ARABLANG 142. Prerequisite ARABLANG 142.

ARABLANG 225. Intensive Second-Year Arabic for Graduate Students. 6-9 Units.

Equivalent to ARABLANG 21, 22, 23 combined or ARABLANG 25. Prerequisite one year of College Arabic or equivalent or completion of ARABLANG 3. Stanford graduate students resstricted to 9 units may take ARABLANG 225 for a total of 9 units.

ARABLANG 297. Directed Reading. 1-5 Unit.

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ARABLANG 394. Graduate Studies in Arabic Conversation. 1-3 Unit.

Prerequisite: Consent of Instructor.

ARABLANG 395. Graduate Studies in Arabic. 1-5 Unit.

Prerequisite: Consent of instructor.

Catalan Language Courses Courses

CATLANG 1A. Accelerated First-Year Catalan, Part 1. 5 Units.

First quarter of the two-quarter sequence. For students with knowledge of another Romance language, preferably Spanish. Emphasis is on developing beginning proficiency in interpersonal, interpretive, and presentational spheres. Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

CATLANG 2A. Accelerated First-Year Catalan, Part 2. 5 Units.

Continuation of CATLANG 1A. For students with knowledge of another Romance language, preferably Spanish. Further development of socially and culturally appropriate proficiency in interpersonal, interpretive, and presentational spheres. Completion of CATLANG 2A fulfills the University language requirement. Prerequisite: CATLANG 1A.

CATLANG 11A. Accelerated Second-Year Catalan, Part A. 4-5 Units.

Continuation of CATLANG 2A. Sequence integrating culture and language of the Catalan-speaking world. Socially and culturally appropriate forms in narrations, descriptions, and expression of ideas and opinions. Emphasis is on oral and written proficiency in formal, informal, academic, and professional contexts. Prerequisite: CATLANG 2A.

CATLANG 199. Individual Work. 1-5 Unit.

May be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

CATLANG 395. Graduate Studies in Catalan. 2-5 Units.

May be repeated for credit. Prerequisite consent of instructor.

Chinese Language Courses

CHINLANG 1. First-Year Modern Chinese, First Quarter. 5 Units.

Conversation, grammar, reading, elementary composition. Daily sections may be set at the beginning of the quarter to suit schedule requirements.

CHINLANG 1B. First-Year Modern Chinese for Bilingual Students, First Quarter. 3 Units.

For students with elementary comprehension and speaking skills who need work on conversation, grammar, reading, and composition.

CHINLANG 2. First-Year Modern Chinese, Second Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 1. Daily sections may be set at the beginning of the quarter to suit schedule requirements.Prerequisite: placement test, CHINLANG 1.

CHINLANG 2B. First-Year Modern Chinese for Bilingual Students, Second Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 1B. For students with elementary comprehension and speaking skills who need work on conversation, grammar, reading, and composition. Prerequisite: Placement Test, CHINLANG 1B.

CHINLANG 3. First-Year Modern Chinese, Third Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 2. Daily sections may be set at the beginning of the quarter to suit schedule requirements. Fulfills the University language requirement. Prerequisite: Placement Test, CHINLANG 2.

CHINLANG 3B. First-Year Modern Chinese for Bilingual Students, Third Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 2B. For students with elementary comprehension and speaking skills who need work on conversation, grammar, reading, and composition. Prerequisite: Placement Test, CHINLANG 2B or consent of instructor. Fulfills University language requirement.

CHINLANG 5. Intensive First-Year Modern Chinese. 8 Units.

Equivalent to 1,2,3 combined if taken together with the Beijing portion of the Summer Program. Five weeks at Stanford and four weeks at Peking University.

CHINLANG 6. Beginning Conversational Chinese, First Quarter. 2 Units.

Three quarter sequence. Basic language skills in Mandarin to function abroad.

CHINLANG 7. Beginning Conversational Chinese, Second Quarter. 2 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 6. Basic language skills in Mandarin to function abroad. Prerequisite: CHINLANG 6.

CHINLANG 8. Beginning Conversational Chinese, Third Quarter. 2 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 7. Basic language skills in Mandarin to function abroad. Prerequisite: CHINLANG 7.

CHINLANG 10. Beginning Southern Min (Taiwanese) Conversation, First Quarter. 2 Units.

Three quarter sequence. Basic language skills for everyday life situations.

CHINLANG 11. Beginning Southern Min (Taiwanese) Conversation, Second Quarter. 2 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 10. Prerequisite: CHINLANG 10.

CHINLANG 12. Beginning Southern Min (Taiwanese) Conversation, Third Quarter. 2 Units.

Continuation of 11. Prerequisite: 11.

CHINLANG 13A. Intermediate Southern Min (Taiwanese) Conversation, First Quarter. 2 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 12. Vocabulary including business-related terms, grammatical structures, and spontaneous conversations. Prerequisite: CHINLANG 12.

CHINLANG 13B. Intermediate Southern Min (Taiwanese) Conversation, Second Quarter. 2 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 13A. Vocabulary including business-related terms, grammatical structures, and spontaneous conversations. Prerequisite: CHINLANG 13A.

CHINLANG 13C. Intermediate Southern Min (Taiwanese) Conversation, Third Quarter. 2 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 13B. Vocabulary including business-related terms, grammatical structures, and spontaneous conversations. Prerequisite: CHINLANG 13B.

CHINLANG 15. Beginning Conversational Cantonese, First Quarter. 2 Units.

This is the first of the 3-course series on beginning Cantonese. The primary objective of the beginning series is to help students build up a repertoire of vocabulary and basic grammatical structures so that they can: (a) introduce themselves in an informal social situation, (b) engage in simple transactions, (c) converse about themselves, their friends and families, and (d) talk about activities in daily lives. Authentic materials such as Cantopop and movie clips are incorporated in the courses and Internet tools are used to enhance learning. There is also an optional field trip to a karaoke bar, a dim-sum restaurant, or a Cantonese community every quarter to experience Cantonese culture.

CHINLANG 15M. Beginning Conversational Cantonese for Mandarin Speakers, First Quarter. 2 Units.

This is the first of the 3-course series on beginning Cantonese for Mandarin speakers. The primary objective of the beginning series is to help students build up a repertoire of vocabulary so that they can: (a) introduce themselves in an informal social situation, (b) engage in simple transactions, (c) converse about themselves, their friends and families, and (d) talk about activities in daily lives. Authentic materials such as Cantopop and movie clips are incorporated in the courses and Internet tools are used to enhance learning. There is also an optional field trip to a karaoke bar, a dim sum restaurant, or a Cantonese community every quarter to experience Cantonese culture. In addition, students work on common pronunciation and grammatical errors due to influences from Mandarin. Cantonese-Chinese characters will also be taught.

CHINLANG 16. Beginning Cantonese Conversation, Second Quarter. 2 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 15. This is the second of the 3-course series on beginning Cantonese. The primary objective of the beginning series is to help students build up a repertoire of vocabulary and basic grammatical structures so that they can: (a) introduce themselves in an informal social situation, (b) engage in simple transactions, (c) converse about themselves, their friends and families, and (d) talk about activities in daily lives. Authentic materials such as Cantopop and movie clips are incorporated in the courses and Internet tools are used to enhance learning. There is also an optional field trip to a karaoke bar, a dim-sum restaurant, or a Cantonese community every quarter to experience Cantonese culture. Prerequisite: CHINLANG 15.

CHINLANG 16M. Beginning Conversational Cantonese for Mandarin Speakers, Second Quarter. 2 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 15M. This is the second of the 3-course series on beginning Cantonese for Mandarin speakers. The primary objective of the beginning series is to help students build up a repertoire of vocabulary so that they can: (a) introduce themselves in an informal social situation, (b) engage in simple transactions, (c) converse about themselves, their friends and families, and (d) talk about activities in daily lives. Authentic materials such as Cantopop and movie clips are incorporated in the courses and Internet tools are used to enhance learning. There is also an optional field trip to a karaoke bar, a dim sum restaurant, or a Cantonese community every quarter to experience Cantonese culture. In addition, students work on common pronunciation and grammatical errors due to influences from Mandarin. Cantonese-Chinese characters will also be taught. Prerequisite: CHINLANG 15M.

CHINLANG 17. Beginning Conversational Cantonese, Third Quarter. 2 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 16. This is the third of the 3-course series on beginning Cantonese. The primary objective of the beginning series is to help students build up a repertoire of vocabulary and basic grammatical structures so that they can: (a) introduce themselves in an informal social situation, (b) engage in simple transactions, (c) converse about themselves, their friends and families, and (d) talk about activities in daily lives. Authentic materials such as Cantopop and movie clips are incorporated in the courses and Internet tools are used to enhance learning. There is also an optional field trip to a karaoke bar, a dim-sum restaurant, or a Cantonese community every quarter to experience Cantonese culture. Prerequisite: CHINLANG 16.

CHINLANG 17M. Beginning Conversational Cantonese for Mandarin Speakers, Third Quarter. 2 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 16M. This is the third of the 3-course series on beginning Cantonese for Mandarin speakers. The primary objective of the beginning series is to help students build up a repertoire of vocabulary so that they can: (a) introduce themselves in an informal social situation, (b) engage in simple transactions, (c) converse about themselves, their friends and families, and (d) talk about activities in daily lives. Authentic materials such as Cantopop and movie clips are incorporated in the courses and Internet tools are used to enhance learning. There is also an optional field trip to a karaoke bar, a dim sum restaurant, or a Cantonese community every quarter to experience Cantonese culture. In addition, students work on common pronunciation and grammatical errors due to influences from Mandarin. Cantonese-Chinese characters will also be taught. Prerequisite: CHINLANG 16M.

CHINLANG 18. Intermediate Cantonese Conversation, First Quarter. 2 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 17. This is the first of the 3-course series on intermediate Cantonese. The primary objective of the intermediate series is to help students acquire the vocabulary: (a) to engage in conversations about less concrete topics, (b) to give directions and instructions, and (c) to carry out transactions in linguistically unfamiliar situations. Students will work on more complex grammar that allows them to express their ideas in a variety of sentence structures. Authentic materials such as Cantopop, movies, and news clips are incorporated in the courses and Internet tools are used to enhance learning. There is also an optional field trip to a karaoke bar, a dim sum restaurant, or a Cantonese community every quarter to experience Cantonese culture. Prerequisite: "Cantonese Proficiency Tests" on Coursework, CHINLANG 17.

CHINLANG 19. Intermediate Conversational Cantonese, Second Quarter. 2 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 18. This is the second of the 3-course series on intermediate Cantonese. The primary objective of the intermediate series is to help students acquire the vocabulary: (a) to engage in conversations about less concrete topics, (b) to give directions and instructions, and (c) to carry out transactions in linguistically unfamiliar situations. Students will work on more complex grammar that allows them to express their ideas in a variety of sentence structures. Authentic materials such as Cantopop, movies, and news clips are incorporated in the courses and Internet tools are used to enhance learning. There is also an optional field trip to a karaoke bar, a dim sum restaurant, or a Cantonese community every quarter to experience Cantonese culture. Prerequisite: "Cantonese Proficiency Tests" on Coursework, CHINLANG 18.

CHINLANG 20. Intermediate Conversational Cantonese, Third Quarter. 2 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 19. This is the third of the 3-course series on intermediate Cantonese. The primary objective of the intermediate series is to help students acquire the vocabulary: (a) to engage in conversations about less concrete topics, (b) to give directions and instructions, and (c) to carry out transactions in linguistically unfamiliar situations. Students will work on more complex grammar that allows them to express their ideas in a variety of sentence structures. Authentic materials such as Cantopop, movies, and news clips are incorporated in the courses and Internet tools are used to enhance learning. There is also an optional field trip to a karaoke bar, a dim sum restaurant, or a Cantonese community every quarter to experience Cantonese culture. Prerequisite: "Cantonese Proficiency Tests" on Coursework, CHINLANG 19.

CHINLANG 20A. Cantonese Through Films, First Quarter. 2 Units.

This is the first of a series of courses that targets intermediate and low-advanced students interested in expanding their Cantonese repertoire to include vocabulary, grammar, and culture for talking about movies, current events, and topics of interest to them. Students watch authentic Cantonese movies, TV dramas, news clips, and documentaries. They engage in discussions about topics relevant to them, such as history and identity of Chinese Americans. There is also an optional field trip to a karaoke bar, a dim sum restaurant, or a Cantonese community every quarter to experience Cantonese culture. Prerequisite: "Cantonese Proficiency Tests" on Coursework, CHINLANG 17M, or CHINLANG 20.

CHINLANG 20B. Cantonese Through Films, Second Quarter. 2 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 20A. This is the second of a series of courses that targets intermediate and low-advanced students interested in expanding their Cantonese repertoire to include vocabulary, grammar, and culture for talking about movies, current events, and topics of interest to them. Students watch authentic Cantonese movies, TV dramas, news clips, and documentaries. They engage in discussions about topics relevant to them, such as history and identity of Chinese Americans. There is also an optional field trip to a karaoke bar, a dim sum restaurant, or a Cantonese community every quarter to experience Cantonese culture. Prerequisite: "Cantonese Proficiency Tests" on Coursework, CHINLANG 20A.

CHINLANG 20C. Cantonese Through Films, Third Quarter. 2 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 20B. This is the third of a series of courses that targets intermediate and low-advanced students interested in expanding their Cantonese repertoire to include vocabulary, grammar, and culture for talking about movies, current events, and topics of interest to them. Students watch authentic Cantonese movies, TV dramas, news clips, and documentaries. They engage in discussions about topics relevant to them, such as history and identity of Chinese Americans. There is also an optional field trip to a karaoke bar, a dim sum restaurant, or a Cantonese community every quarter to experience Cantonese culture. Prerequisite: "Cantonese Proficiency Tests" on Coursework, CHINLANG 20B.

CHINLANG 21. Second-Year Modern Chinese, First Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 3. Listening, speaking, reading, writing. Daily sections may be set at the beginning of the quarter to suit schedule requirements. Prerequisite: Placement Test, CHINLANG 3.

CHINLANG 21B. Second-Year Modern Chinese for Bilingual Students, First Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 3B. For students with advanced comprehension and speaking skills, but lacking equivalent knowledge of grammar, reading, and writing Chinese characters. Equivalent to CHINLANG 21. Prerequisite: Placement Test, CHINLANG 3B.

CHINLANG 22. Second-Year Modern Chinese, Second Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 21. Listening, speaking, reading, writing. Daily sections may be set at the beginning of the quarter to suit schedule requirements. Prerequisite: Placement Test, CHINLANG 21.

CHINLANG 22B. Second-Year Chinese for Bilingual Students, Second Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 21B. For students with advanced comprehension and speaking skills, but lacking equivalent knowledge of grammar, reading, and writing Chinese characters. Prerequisite: Placement Test, CHINLANG 21B .

CHINLANG 23. Second-Year Modern Chinese, Third Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 22. Listening, speaking, reading, writing. Daily sections may be set at the beginning of the quarter to suit schedule requirements. Prerequisite: Placement Test, CHINLANG 22.

CHINLANG 23B. Second-Year Chinese for Bilingual Students, Third Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 22B. For students with advanced comprehension and speaking skills, but lacking equivalent knowledge of grammar, reading, and writing Chinese characters. Prerequisite: Placement Test, CHINLANG 22B.

CHINLANG 25. Intensive Second-Year Modern Chinese. 8 Units.

Equivalent to 21,22,23 combined if taken together with the Beijing portion of the Summer Program. Five weeks at Stanford and four weeks at Peking University. Prerequisite: 3 or equivalent.

CHINLANG 27. Intermediate Chinese Conversation, First Quarter. 2 Units.

This course is designed for students with basic conversational skills in Mandarin Chinese. It focuses on developing learners communicative competence in Chinese by means of language practices, oral reports, discussions and group projects. The students will learn functional language skills for daily communication, and study a variety of topics related to school life, Chinese culture and society. nnnPrerequisite: CHINLANG 3.

CHINLANG 28. Intermediate Chinese Conversation, Second Quarter. 2 Units.

This course is designed for students with basic conversational skills in Mandarin Chinese. It focuses on developing learners¿ communicative competence in Chinese by means of language practices, oral reports, discussions and group projects. The students will learn functional language skills for daily communication, and study a variety of topics related to school life, Chinese culture and society. nContinuation of CHINLANG 27. Prerequisite: CHINLANG 27. Consent of instructor.

CHINLANG 29. Intermediate Chinese Conversation, Third Quarter. 2 Units.

This course is designed for students with basic conversational skills in Mandarin Chinese. It focuses on developing learners¿ communicative competence in Chinese by means of language practices, oral reports, discussions and group projects. The students will learn functional language skills for daily communication, and study a variety of topics related to school life, Chinese culture and society. nContinuation of CHINLANG 28. Prerequisite: CHINLANG 28. Consent of Instructor.

CHINLANG 31E. Accelerated Beginning Mandarin for Engineering Students, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Restricted to engineering students participating in the China Internship Program. . Grad students enroll in CHINLANG 331E.

CHINLANG 33G. Accelerated Beginning Mandarin III. 4 Units.

For GSB students only.

CHINLANG 41. Intermediate-to-Advanced Chinese Conversation, First Quarter. 2 Units.

Repeatable once for units. Prerequisite: CHINLANG 23.

CHINLANG 42. Intermediate-to-Advanced Chinese Conversation, Second Quarter. 2 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 41. Repeatable once for units. Prerequisite: CHINLANG 23.

CHINLANG 43. Intermediate-to-Advanced Chinese Conversation, Third Quarter. 2 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 42. Repeatable once for units. Prerequisite: CHINLANG 23.

CHINLANG 99. Language Specials. 1-5 Unit.

Prerequisite: consent of instructor.nn (Staff).

CHINLANG 101. Third-Year Modern Chinese, First Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 23. Written and spoken styles of modern Chinese. Reading and discussion of authentic writings on cultural topics; newspaper reports, radio, and TV broadcasts and films; online Chinese software and email network to facilitate study. Prerequisite: Placement Test, CHINLANG 23.

CHINLANG 101B. Third-Year Modern Chinese for Bilingual Students, First Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 23B. Equivalent to CHINLANG 101. For students with advanced listening and speaking abilities, but lacking equivalent knowledge in reading and writing. Prerequisite: Placement Test, CHINLANG 23B.

CHINLANG 102. Third-Year Modern Chinese, Second Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 101. Written and spoken styles of modern Chinese. Reading and discussion of authentic writings on cultural topics; newspaper reports, radio, and TV broadcasts and films; online Chinese software and email network to facilitate study. Prerequisite: Placement Test, CHINLANG 101.

CHINLANG 102B. Third-Year Modern Chinese for Bilingual Students, Second Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 101B. Equivalent to CHINLANG 102. For students with advanced listening and speaking abilities, but lacking equivalent knowledge in reading and writing. Prerequisite: Placement Test, CHINLANG 101B.

CHINLANG 103. Third-Year Modern Chinese, Third Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 102. Written and spoken styles of modern Chinese. Reading and discussion of authentic writings on cultural topics; newspaper reports, radio, and TV broadcasts and films; online Chinese software and email network to facilitate study Prerequisite: Placement Test, CHINLANG 102.

CHINLANG 103B. Third-Year Modern Chinese for Bilingual Students, Third Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 102B. Equivalent of CHINLANG 103. For students with advanced listening and speaking abilities, but lacking equivalent knowledge in reading and writing. Prerequisite: CHINLANG 102B.

CHINLANG 105. Intensive Third-Year Modern Chinese. 8 Units.

Equivalent to 101,102,103 combined if taken together with the Beijing portion of the Summer Program. Five weeks at Stanford and four weeks at Peking University. Prerequisite: 23 or equivalent.

CHINLANG 121. Advanced Chinese Conversation, First Quarter. 2 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 29. This is the first quarter of a three-quarter sequence designed for students who have completed Third-year Chinese, or its equivalent, and wish to continue to develop their speaking and listening skills. Content for the course is drawn from a wide variety of current multimedia materials. Topics include general interest and social issues, international relations, and others that lend themselves to lively and in-depth discussion. New grammatical structures and vocabulary will be regularly introduced, with occasional written assignments to support students, development of conversational skills. Placement Test, CHINLANG 103.

CHINLANG 122. Advanced Chinese Conversation, Second Quarter. 2 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 121. Second quarter of Advanced Conversational Chinese. It is designed for students who have completed Third-year Chinese, or its equivalent, and wish to continue to develop their speaking and listening skills. Content for the course is drawn from a wide variety of current multimedia materials. Topics include general interest and social issues, international relations, and others that lend themselves to lively and in-depth discussion. New grammatical structures and vocabulary will be regularly introduced, with occasional written assignments to support students, development of conversational skills. Prerequisite: CHINLANG 121.

CHINLANG 123. Advanced Chinese Conversation, Third Quarter. 2 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 122. Third quarter of Advanced Conversational Chinese. It is designed for students who have completed Third-year Chinese, or its equivalent, and wish to continue to develop their speaking and listening skills. Content for the course is drawn from a wide variety of current multimedia materials. Topics include general interest and social issues, international relations, and others that lend themselves to lively and in-depth discussion. New grammatical structures and vocabulary will be regularly introduced, with occasional written assignments to support students,development of conversational skills. Prerequisite: CHINLANG 122.

CHINLANG 131. Business Chinese, First Quarter. 3-4 Units.

Commercial, economic, and business-related vocabulary. Materials include formal business conversations, newspaper and journal articles, and TV news on trade and economic. Technical language and business etiquette. Student oral and written reports on their own research regarding recent economic developments, using sources in China. Prerequisite: CHINLANG 103 or equivalent.

CHINLANG 132. Business Chinese, Second Quarter. 3-4 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 131. Commercial, economic, and business-related vocabulary. Materials include formal business conversations, newspaper and journal articles, and TV news on trade and economic. Technical language and business etiquette. Student oral and written reports on their own research regarding recent economic developments, using sources in China. Prerequisite: CHINLANG 131.

CHINLANG 133. Business Chinese, Third Quarter. 3-4 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 132. Commercial, economic, and business-related vocabulary. Materials include formal business conversations, newspaper and journal articles, and TV news on trade and economic. Technical language and business etiquette. Student oral and written reports on their own research regarding recent economic developments, using sources in China. Prerequisite: CHINLANG 132.

CHINLANG 199. Individual Reading. 1-5 Unit.

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CHINLANG 200. Directed Reading. 1-5 Unit.

May be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

CHINLANG 205S. Intensive Third-Year Modern Chinese. 7 Units.

Equivalent to 101, 102, 103 if taken together with the Beijing portion of the Summer Program. Five weeks at Stanford and four weeks at Peking University. Prerequisite: 23 or equivalent. Grads only.

CHINLANG 211. Fourth-Year Modern Chinese, First Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 103. This is the first quarter of a three-quarter sequence designed for students with advanced-level proficiency in Chinese. Discussions are based on short stories, essays and newspaper articles, and academic journal articles. Emphasis is on social and cultural issues in contemporary China. Students will learn speed-reading techniques and explore more subtle distinctions in Chinese language use, such as formal vs. informal styles and word choice, toward developing a more sophisticated understanding and command of the language. Having completed one year of study at this level, students will acquire sufficient skills in reading, writing, and speaking on various topics of personal,or academic,interest more effectively and accurately. Prerequisite: placement test, CHINLANG 103.

CHINLANG 211B. Fourth- Year Modern Chinese for Bilingual Students, First Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 103B. This is the first quarter of a three-quarter sequence designed for bilingual students with advanced-level proficiency in Chinese. Discussions are based on short stories, essays and newspaper articles, along with related media materials. Emphasis is on social and cultural issues in contemporary China. Students will learn speed-reading techniques and explore more subtle distinctions in Chinese language use, such as formal vs. informal styles and word choice, toward developing a more sophisticated understanding and command of the language. Having completed one year of study at this level, students will acquire sufficient skills in reading, writing, and speaking on various topics of personal, or public, interests more effectively and accurately. Prerequisite: CHINLANG 103B.

CHINLANG 212. Fourth-Year Modern Chinese, Second Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 211. Second quarter of fourth year Chinese. Discussions are based on short stories, essays and newspaper articles, and academic journal articles. Emphasis is on social and cultural issues in contemporary China. Students will learn speed-reading techniques and explore more subtle distinctions in Chinese language use, such as formal vs. informal styles and word choice, toward developing a more sophisticated understanding and command of the language. Having completed one year of study at this level, students will acquire sufficient skills in reading, writing, and speaking on various topics of personal or academic interest more effectively and accurately. Prerequisite: Placement Test, CHINLANG 211.

CHINLANG 212B. Fourth-Year Modern Chinese for Bilingual Students, Second Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 211B. Second quarter of Fourth Year Chinese for bilingual students. Discussions are based on short stories, essays and newspaper articles, along with related media materials. Emphasis is on social and cultural issues in contemporary China. Students will learn speed-reading techniques and explore more subtle distinctions in Chinese language use, such as formal vs. informal styles and word choice, toward developing a more sophisticated understanding and command of the language. Having completed one year of study at this level, students will acquire sufficient skills in reading, writing, and speaking on various topics of personal, or public, interests more effectively and accurately. Prerequisite: CHINLANG 211B.

CHINLANG 213. Fourth-Year Modern Chinese, Third Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 212. Third quarter of Fourth Year Chinese. Discussions are based on short stories, essays and newspaper articles, and academic journal articles. Emphasis is on social and cultural issues in contemporary China. Students will learn speed-reading techniques and explore more subtle distinctions in Chinese language use, such as formal vs. informal styles and word choice, toward developing a more sophisticated understanding and command of the language. Having completed one year of study at this level, students will acquire sufficient skills in reading, writing, and speaking on various topics of personal, or academic, interests more effectively and accurately. Prerequisite: Placement Test, CHINLANG 212.

CHINLANG 213B. Fourth-Year Modern Chinese for Bilingual Students, Third Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of CHINLANG 212B. Third quarter of Fourth Year Chinese for bilingual students. Discussions are based on short stories, essays and newspaper articles, along with related media materials. Emphasis is on social and cultural issues in contemporary China. Students will learn speed-reading techniques and explore more subtle distinctions in Chinese language use, such as formal vs. informal styles and word choice, toward developing a more sophisticated understanding and command of the language. Having completed one year of study at this level, students will acquire sufficient skills in reading, writing, and speaking on various topics of personal, or public, interests more effectively and accurately. Prerequisite: CHINLANG 212B.

CHINLANG 231. Fifth-Year Modern Chinese, First Quarter. 2-4 Units.

Year-long sequence. Training of all four skills of listening, speaking, reading and writing focusing on formal reading and writing. Materials include works on social, political, economic, and cultural topics and literature in various genres. The course consists of two components: political and economic topics on Monday and Wednesday, and cultural and literary focus on Tuesday and Thursday. Students can take one component for 2 units, or take both for 4 units. nPrerequisite: CHINLANG 213, CHINLANG 213B or consent of instructor.

CHINLANG 232. Fifth-Year Modern Chinese, Second Quarter. 2-4 Units.

Continuation of 231. Year-long sequence. Training of all four skills of listening, speaking, reading and writing focusing on formal reading and writing. Materials include works on social, political, economic, and cultural topics and literature in various genres. The course consists of two components: political and economic topics on Monday and Wednesday, and cultural and literary focus on Tuesday and Thursday. Students can take one component for 2 units, or take both for 4 units.nPrerequisite: CHINLANG 231 or consent of instructor.

CHINLANG 233. Fifth-Year Modern Chinese, Third Quarter. 2-4 Units.

Continuation of 232. Year-long sequence. Training of all four skills of listening, speaking, reading and writing focusing on formal reading and writing. Materials include works on social, political, economic, and cultural topics and literature in various genres. The course consists of two components: political and economic topics on Monday and Wednesday, and cultural and literary focus on Tuesday and Thursday. Students can take one component for 2 units, or take both for 4 units.nPrerequisite: CHINLANG 232 or consent of instructor.

CHINLANG 331E. Accelerated Beginning Mandarin for Engineering Students, First Quarter. 2-5 Units.

Restricted to graduate engineering students participating in the China Internship Program.

CHINLANG 394. Graduate Studies in Chinese Conversation. 1-3 Unit.

Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

CHINLANG 395. Graduate Studies in Chinese. 1-5 Unit.

Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

English for Foreign Students Courses

EFSLANG 197. Directed Study. 1-3 Unit.

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EFSLANG 397. Directed Study. 1-3 Unit.

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EFSLANG 683P. Workshop in Pronunciation for International Students. 2-3 Units.

(1-2 units). Provides support in the development of clear, comprehensible English pronunciation. Includes attention to individual sounds as well as stress, rhythm, and intonation. Students taking the course for 3 units will have additional individual assignments and a 30-minute tutorial each week. Limited to visiting undergraduates and students in the High School Summer College program.

EFSLANG 683R. Workshop in Reading and Vocabulary for International Students. 1-2 Unit.

(1-2 units). Provides support in the development of English reading skills for academic purposes, including work on comprehension, speed, and critical interpretation, along with strategies for improving vocabulary. Students taking the course for 2 units will have additional individual assignments and a 30-minute tutorial each week. Limited to visiting undergraduates and students in the High School Summer College program.

EFSLANG 683S. Workshop in Oral Communication for International Students. 1-2 Unit.

(1-2 units) Provides support in the development of listening and speaking skills in English, including academic listening, small group discussion, oral presentation, and intercultural communication. Students taking the course for 2 units will have additional individual assignments and a 30-minute tutorial each week. Limited to visiting undergraduates and students in the High School Summer College program.

EFSLANG 683W. Workshop in Written Communication for International Students. 1-2 Unit.

(1-2 units). Provides support in the development of English writing skills for non-natives. Writing assignments are negotiated with the instructor and may include practice in composition, SAT or TOEFL writing, and writing university application essays and statements of purpose. Students taking the course for 2 units will have additional individual assignments and a 30-minute tutorial each week. Limited to visiting undergraduates and students in the High School Summer College program.

EFSLANG 684A. Language and Culture of Sports in the USA. 1-2 Unit.

Provides an overview of America¿s sports culture, focusing on three of the most popular sports: basketball, baseball, and American football. Through an introduction to their rules and histories, students gain familiarity with the unique language patterns that surround discussions of sports, as well as the many sports-related metaphors and idioms in non-sports conversations in business and everyday life. Students learn and practice relevant language forms across all skills. Students taking the course for 2 units will have additional individual assignments and a 50-minute tutorial each week. Limited to visiting undergraduates and students in the High School Summer College program.

EFSLANG 684M. Language and Culture of Multimedia Communication. 1-2 Unit.

) Develops students¿ abilities to read, analyze, understand and produce multimedia and multimodal writing for digital contexts. Students will learn how to read, analyze, and understand the content and the patterns of language typically used in different types of multimodal writing (writing that uses words, images, video, and/or music). Students will create multimedia compositions for digital contexts. Students taking the course for 2 units will have additional individual assignments and a 50-minute tutorial each week. Limited to visiting undergraduates and students in the High School Summer College program.

EFSLANG 684S. Language and Culture of Silicon Valley. 1-2 Unit.

Provides an overview of Silicon Valley's unique culture and language patterns via exposure to authentic materials, such as blogs and videos, and interaction with students and professionals in local industry. Participants learn and practice language forms characteristic of this region across all skills. Those taking the course for 2 units will have additional individualized assignments and a 50-minute tutorial each week. Limited to visiting non-native English speaking undergraduates and students in the High School Summer College program. (1-2 units).

EFSLANG 687X. American Language and Culture: Silicon Valley First Session. 3 Units.

Closed enrollment. Intensive English language and U.S. culture program. Enrollment limited to 14.

EFSLANG 687Y. American Language and Culture: Silicon Valley, Second Session. 3 Units.

Closed enrollment. Intensive English language and U.S. culture program. Enrollment limited to 14. Course may be repeated once.

EFSLANG 688. Intensive English and Academic Orientation for Foreign Graduate Students. 6 Units.

Goal is to prepare incoming international graduate students for full-time study. Academic orientation and instruction in academic writing, listening, discussion, oral presentation, and spoken usage. Enrollment limited to 14. Course may be repeated once.

EFSLANG 688A. Intensive Spoken English. 3 Units.

For current graduate students. Includes work on listening, oral presentation, discussion, and conversational interaction. May fulfill any two of the following EFS requirements, subject to approval by the EFS Director: EFSLANG 690A, 690B, 691, 693B.

EFSLANG 688B. Intensive Academic Writing. 3 Units.

For current graduate students. Focus on academic writing, with some work in reading and vocabulary development. Engineering, science, humanities, and social science students prepare a research paper; business students write one or more case studies. Fulfills requirement for EFSLANG 697 or 698A, subject to approval by the EFSLANG Director.

EFSLANG 688V. Intensive English and Academic Orientation for Stanford Visiting Scholars. 5 Units.

Goal is to improve English proficiency and introduce the university environment. Writing, pronunciation, listening, discussion, oral presentation, and spoken usage. Enrollment limited to 14.

EFSLANG 689A. Exploring the Language and Culture of Sports in the USA. 1 Unit.

Develops familiarity with three of the most popular sports in the United States: football, baseball, and basketball. Beginning with an overview of the rules of each game and its history, students are introduced to the patterns of language that surround sports culture and pervade American communication even outside sports-related interactions. Students examine academic and popular sources on sports, focusing on the language of sports culture, metaphors, and idioms that occur in daily English language use through practice of the language forms both inside and outside the classroom. Intended for current graduate students and graduate summer visitors.

EFSLANG 689B. Building Communication Skills through Improvisation. 1 Unit.

Focus on building a range of English communication skills through improvisation activities. Participants explore theatrical techniques that teach collaboration, spontaneity, team building, storytelling, and confident public speaking with connections to academic, professional, and personal situations. Course is co-taught by an improvisation expert and an ESL instructor. No previous improvisation or theater experience necessary.

EFSLANG 689E. Learning English on Your Own. 1 Unit.

Independent English language learning. Learning strategies and objectives, setting and maintaining practice schedules, and evaluating progress. Focus is on exploiting web-based resources. Individual meetings.

EFSLANG 689H. American Humor. 1 Unit.

Analysis of jokes, humorous stories, and situations through modern media. Practice in advanced listening comprehension and English idioms.

EFSLANG 689L. Living in the USA. 1 Unit.

Life and relationships outside the University classroom. Goal is to familiarize international students with the cultural expectations and forms of language use in a variety of situations in the University community and in other social situations. Enrollment limited to 14.

EFSLANG 689P. Pronunciation. 2 Units.

The sounds of English, and stress, intonation, and rhythm patterns important to natural-sounding speech. Enrollment limited to 14.

EFSLANG 689S. Exploring Silicon Valley Language and Culture. 1 Unit.

Focus on developing communicative skills in the context of Silicon Valley with its unique culture and language patterns. Through analysis and discussion of language and content from authentic materials, such as popular blogs and videos, students gain familiarity with local norms for interacting with the people who live and work in this region. Includes topics relevant to entrepreneurs, tech professionals, and students as well as a short individual project. Intended for both new and continuing international graduate students.

EFSLANG 689T. Interacting in California's Vineyard Culture. 1 Unit.

Focuses on communicative skills in the context of California's renowned wine culture. Emphasis on the language of wine using appropriate terminology, and interacting knowledgeably with restaurant and retail wine staff. Topics include learning the fundamentals of vineyard techniques, varietal characteristics, tasting techniques, drinking and ordering etiquette. Course is co-taught by a wine expert and an ESL instructor. Class consists of a short interactive lecture, a communicative activity such as role playing, and a tasting of four specially selected wines. Participants must be at least 21 years old. Fee.

EFSLANG 689V. Vocabulary and Idiom. 1 Unit.

Building vocabulary for academic success. Idiomatic language, and what idioms and metaphors reflect about American culture. Enrollment limited to 14.

EFSLANG 689W. Working in the USA. 1 Unit.

The language and culture of the workplace. Goal is to familiarize international students with the cultural expectations of situations in the business setting and in social situations related to business.

EFSLANG 690A. Interacting in English. 1-3 Unit.

Strategies for communicating effectively in social and academic settings. Informal and formal language used in campus settings, including starting and maintaining conversations, asking questions, making complaints, and contributing ideas and opinions. Simulations and discussions, with feedback on pronunciation, grammar, and usage. Enrollment limited to 14.

EFSLANG 690B. Academic Discussion. 1-3 Unit.

Skills for effective participation in classroom settings, seminars, and research group meetings. Pronunciation, grammar, and appropriateness for specific tasks. Feedback on language and communication style. Enrollment limited to 14. May be repeated once for credit. Prerequisite: EFSLANG 690A or consent of instructor.

EFSLANG 690C. Advanced Interacting in English. 1-3 Unit.

Communication skills for extended discourse such as storytelling and presenting supported arguments. Development of interactive listening facility and overall intelligibility and accuracy. Goal is advanced fluency in classroom, professional and social settings. Identification of and attention to individual patterned errors. May be repeated once for credit. Prerequisite: EFSLANG 690B or consent of instructor. Enrollment limited to 14.

EFSLANG 691. Oral Presentation. 1-3 Unit.

For advanced graduate students. Practice in academic presentation skills; strategy, design, organization, and use of visual aids. Focus is on improving fluency and delivery style, with videotaping for feedback on language accuracy and usage. Enrollment limited to 14. May be repeated once for credit.

EFSLANG 692. Speaking and Teaching in English. 1-3 Unit.

For non-native speakers who must teach in English. Focus is on developing clarity, intelligibility, and effectiveness through weekly presentations simulating actual teaching assistant responsibilities. Enrollment limited to 14. May be repeated once for credit.

EFSLANG 693A. Listening Comprehension. 1-3 Unit.

Strategies for effective listening in an academic setting, focusing on identifying key ideas in lectures. Practice in understanding words and phrases commonly encountered in classroom settings. Computer-based exercises for comprehension of rapid, natural speech. Enrollment limited to 14.

EFSLANG 693B. Advanced Listening Comprehension, and Vocabulary Development. 1-3 Unit.

Listening strategies and vocabulary for understanding English in academic and non-academic contexts. Discussion and interpretation of communicative intent. Computer-based and video exercises across a range of genres; individual project. May be repeated once for credit. Prerequisite: EFSLANG 693A or consent of instructor.

EFSLANG 693R. Graduate Reading and Vocabulary Development. 1-3 Unit.

Strategies for improving graduate and professional academic reading comprehension and critical analysis. Focus on applying specific techniques for different reading purposes. Expansion of both general and field-specific academic vocabulary and idioms. Includes individual reading projects.

EFSLANG 694. English for Business, Industry and Professional Life. 1-3 Unit.

For advanced graduate students. Task-based practice of language appropriate for professional settings in industry and related teamwork. Simulation of the roles of manager, applicant, subordinate, and coworker. Prerequisite: EFSLANG 693A, or consent of instructor. Enrollment limited to 14.

EFSLANG 695A. Pronunciation and Intonation. 1-3 Unit.

Recognition and practice of American English sounds, stress, and intonation patterns for greater comprehension and intelligibility. Analysis of problem areas. Biweekly tape assignments and tutorials. May be repeated once for credit. Enrollment limted to 14.

EFSLANG 695B. Advanced Pronunciation and Intonation. 1-3 Unit.

Continuation of EFSLANG 695A, focusing on American English sounds, stress, rhythm, and intonation patterns. Emphasis is on self-monitoring, integrated with short presentations. Biweekly tape assignments and tutorials. Enrollment limited to 14. May be repeated for credit three times. Prerequisite: EFSLANG 695A.

EFSLANG 696. Understanding American Humor. 1-3 Unit.

Recognizing rhetorical devices, jokes, and character types common to spoken humor in film and television programs. Crosscultural discussion. Prerequisite: EFSLANG 690B, EFSLANG 693B or consent of the instructor. Repeatable once for credit. Enrollment limited to 14.

EFSLANG 697. Writing Fundamentals. 1-3 Unit.

Focus is on improving grammatical accuracy and vocabulary, building fluency, and learning the structure and conventions of English correspondence, reports, and short academic papers. Enrollment limited to 14.

EFSLANG 698A. Writing Academic English. 1-3 Unit.

Strategies and conventions for graduate writing. Emphasis is on fluency, organization, documentation, and appropriateness for writing tasks required in course work. Enrollment limited to 14. May be repeated once for credit.

EFSLANG 698B. Advanced Graduate Writing. 1-3 Unit.

Focus on clarity, accuracy, and appropriate style. For graduate students experienced in English writing and currently required to write for courses and research. Class meetings and individual conferences. Prerequisite: EFSLANG 698A. Enrollment limited to 14. May be repeated once for credit.

EFSLANG 698C. Writing and Presenting Research. 1-3 Unit.

For advanced graduate students completing major research projects. Revising and editing strategies for preparing papers, conference abstracts, and poster presentations. Adapting content and style to different audiences. Students present their research with participant feedback. Enrollment limited to 14. May be repeated once for credit. Prerequisite: EFSLANG 698B and EFSLANG 691 or consent of instructor.

French Language Courses

FRENLANG 1. First-Year French, First Quarter. 5 Units.

Proficiency-based. Development of discourse appropriate in French and Francophone contexts.

FRENLANG 1A. Accelerated First-Year French, Part 1. 5 Units.

Completes first-year language sequence in two rather than three quarters. Recommended for students with previous knowledge of French who place into FRENLANG 1A on the placement test or who are familiar with another Romance language. FRENLANG 2A fulfills the University foreign language requirement. Prerequisite: Placement Test.

FRENLANG 2. First-Year French, Second Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of FRENLANG 1. Proficiency-based. Development of discourse appropriate in French and Francophone contexts. Prerequisite: Placement Test, FRENLANG 1 or equivalent.

FRENLANG 2A. Accelerated First-Year French, Part 2. 5 Units.

Continuation of FRENLANG 1A. Completes first-year language sequence in two rather than three quarters. Recommended for students with previous knowledge of French who place into FRENLANG 1A on the placement test or who are familiar with another Romance language. Fulfills the University foreign language requirement. Prerequisite: FRENLANG 1A, Placement Test.

FRENLANG 3. First-Year French, Third Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of FRENLANG 2 . Proficiency-based. Development of discourse appropriate in French and Francophone contexts. Prerequisite: Placement Test, FRENLANG 2 or equivalent. Fulfills the language requirement.

FRENLANG 5A. Intensive First-Year French, Part A. 5 Units.

Same as FRENLANG 1. Accelerated. Written exercises, compositions, conversational practice, and daily work. Only Stanford graduate students restricted to 9 units may register for 205A,B,C.

FRENLANG 5B. Intensive First-Year French, Part B. 5 Units.

Same as FRENLANG 2. Continuation of 5A. Written exercises, compositions, conversational practice, and daily work. Only Stanford graduate students restricted to 9 units may register for 205A,B,C. Prerequisite 1 or 5A.

FRENLANG 5C. Intensive First-Year French, Part C. 5 Units.

Same as FRENLANG 3. Continuation of 5B. Written exercises, compositions, conversational practice, and daily work. Only Stanford graduate students restricted to 9 units may register for 205A,B,C. Fulfills the University language requirement. Prerequisite 2 or 5B.

FRENLANG 10. Beginning French Oral Communication. 2 Units.

For students who have completed FRENLANG 2 or equivalent. Emphasis is on speaking skills, vocabulary, and pronunciation. May be repeated once for credit.

FRENLANG 15. Intermediate French Oral Communication. 2 Units.

For students who have completed the first-year language requirement. May be repeated once for credit.

FRENLANG 15S. Intermediate Conversation: French in Everyday Life. 3 Units.

Same content as 15. May be repeated once for credit. Prerequisite: one year of college French or equivalent.

FRENLANG 20A. France and Francophonie. 2 Units.

Second-year French conversation based on themes from the regions of France and the Francophone world. Intermediate-level speaking skills and advanced-level functions. Topics include travel, food, and crosscultural comparisons. Students returning from study abroad programs are encouraged to enroll. May be repeated once for credit. Prerequisite: FRENLANG 21C or equivalent.

FRENLANG 20B. French Cinema. 2 Units.

Second-year French conversation based on films. Intermediate-level speaking skills and advanced-level functions. Themes include: French filmmakers, stars, and trends. Required film viewing in and outside class in French. May be repeated once for credit. Prerequisite: FRENLANG 21C or equivalent.

FRENLANG 20C. Contemporary French Language. 2 Units.

Second-year French conversation. Intermediate-level speaking skills and advanced-level functions for formal and informal situations. Useful for students planning to travel or study abroad. May be repeated once for credit. Prerequisite: FRENLANG 21C or equivalent.

FRENLANG 21C. Second-Year French: Cultural Emphasis, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Sequence integrating culture and language. Emphasis is on advanced proficiency in oral and written discourse including presentational language and socio culturally appropriate discourse in formal and informal, academic, and professional contexts. Prerequisite: Placement Test, one year of college French.

FRENLANG 22C. Second-Year French: Cultural Emphasis, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of FRENLANG 21C. Sequence integrating culture and language. Emphasis is on advanced proficiency in oral and written discourse including presentational language and socio culturally appropriate discourse in formal and informal, academic, and professional contexts. Prerequisite: Placement Test, FRENLANG 21C.

FRENLANG 23C. Second-Year French: Cultural Emphasis, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of FRENLANG 22C. Sequence integrating culture and language. Emphasis is on advanced proficiency in oral and written discourse including presentational language and socio culturally appropriate discourse in formal and informal, academic, and professional contexts. Prerequisite: placement Test, FRENLANG 22C.

FRENLANG 50S. Reading French. 2-4 Units.

Same content as 50.

FRENLANG 60A. Beginning French Conversation. 1 Unit.

(AU).

FRENLANG 60B. Intermediate French Conversation. 1 Unit.

(AU) (Staff).

FRENLANG 60C. Advanced French Conversation. 1 Unit.

.

FRENLANG 60D. French Viticulture. 1 Unit.

See http://stanfordmaisonfrancaise.wordpress.comnPrerequisite: 21 or older. (AU).

FRENLANG 60E. French Cooking. 1 Unit.

(AU).

FRENLANG 60F. French Cinema. 1 Unit.

May be repeated for credit. (AU).

FRENLANG 60N. French cheese. 1 Unit.

.

FRENLANG 60P. Advanced Viticulture. 1 Unit.

Prerequisite: Completion of 60D. (AU).

FRENLANG 60T. Teaching French Conversation. 1 Unit.

(AU).

FRENLANG 120. Advanced French Oral Communication. 3 Units.

Speaking skills and functions including narration, description, supporting opinions, and hypothesizing about current events and issues in France. May be repeated once for credit. Prerequisites: FRENLANG 23C or equivalent.

FRENLANG 124. Advanced French: Composition, Writing, and Presentation. 4-5 Units.

This bridge course prepares students for transitioning to literature classes that are taught in French. Emphasis is on the development of speaking, writing, and presenting at the advanced level. Students will review and master the difficulties of French through the study of various types of literary texts and through analysis of current events in the francophone world. Required for students majoring or minoring in French. Prerequisite: FRENLANG 23C or equivalent.

FRENLANG 199. Language Specials. 1-5 Unit.

Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

FRENLANG 205A. Intensive First-Year French for Stanford Grads, Part A. 3-5 Units.

Equivalent to FRENLANG 5A. For Stanford graduate students only. Accelerated. Written exercises, compositions, conversational practice, and daily work. Stanford graduate students restricted to 9 units may take 205A,B,C for a total of 9 units or 2 of the courses for a total of 9 units.

FRENLANG 205B. Intensive First-Year French for Stanford Grads, Part B. 3-5 Units.

Equivalent to FRENLANG 5B. For Stanford graduate students only. Continuation of 205A. Accelerated. Written exercises, compositions, conversational practice, and daily work . Prerequisite 205B or equivalent. Stanford graduate students restricted to 9 units may take 205A,B,C for a total of 9 units or 2 of the courses for a total of 9 units. Prerequisite 205A or equivalent.

FRENLANG 205C. Intensive First-Year French for Stanford Grads - Part C. 3-5 Units.

Equivalent to FRENLANG 5B. For Stanford graduate students only. Continuation of 205B. Accelerated. Written exercises, compositions, conversational practice, and daily work. Stanford graduate students restricted to 9 units may take 205A,B,C for a total of 9 units or 2 of the courses for a total of 9 units. Prerequisite 205B or equivalent.

FRENLANG 250. Reading French. 4 Units.

For seniors or graduate students seeking to meet the University reading requirement for advanced degrees. Reading strategies for comprehension of secondary literature for academic research. Fulfills the University foreign language requirement for advanced degrees if student earns a grade of 'B.' Prerequisite: one year or reading proficiency in another Romance language.

FRENLANG 250S. Reading French. 2-4 Units.

For seniors or graduate students seeking to meet the University reading requirement for advanced degrees. Reading strategies for comprehension of secondary literature for academic research. Fulfills the University foreign language requirement for advanced degrees if student earns a grade of 'B.' Prerequisite: one year or reading proficiency in another Romance language.

FRENLANG 394. Graduate Studies in French Conversation. 1-3 Unit.

Prerequisite: consent of the instructor.

FRENLANG 395. Graduate Studies in French. 1-5 Unit.

Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

German Language Courses

GERLANG 1. First-Year German, First Quarter. 5 Units.

Speaking, reading, writing, and listening. Authentic materials. Interactive approach with emphasis on developing communicative expression. The cultural context in which German is spoken.

GERLANG 2. First-Year German, Second Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of GERLANG 1. Speaking, reading, writing, and listening. Authentic materials. Interactive approach with emphasis on developing communicative expression. The cultural context in which German is spoken. Prerequisite: Placement Test, GERLANG 1.

GERLANG 3. First-Year German, Third Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of GERLANG 2. Speaking, reading, writing, and listening. Authentic materials. Interactive approach with emphasis on developing communicative expression. The cultural context in which German is spoken. Fulfills the University language requirement. Prerequisite: Placement Test, GERLANG 2.

GERLANG 5A. Intensive First-Year German, Part A. 5 Units.

Same as GERLANG 1. Accelerated. Written exercices, compositions, conversation practice, and daily work. Only Stanford students restricted to 9 units may register for 205A,B,C.

GERLANG 5B. Intensive First-Year German, Part B. 5 Units.

Same as GERLANG 2. Continuation of 5A. Accelerated. Written exercices, compositions, conversation practice, and daily work. Only Stanford students restricted to 9 units may register for 205A,B,C. Prerequisite 1 or 5A.

GERLANG 5C. Intensive First-Year German, Part C. 5 Units.

Same as GERLANG 3. Continuation of 5B. Accelerated. Written exercices, compositions, conversation practice, and daily work. Only Stanford students restricted to 9 units may register for 205A,B,C. Prerequisite 2 or 5B. Fulfills the University Foreign Language Requirement.

GERLANG 10. Elementary German for Seniors and Graduate Students. 4 Units.

Intensive. For students who need to acquire reading ability in German for the Ph.D. or for advanced research in their own field. 250 fulfills Ph.D. reading exam.

GERLANG 11P. Individually Programmed Beginning German. 1-5 Unit.

For those who wish to complete fewer than 5 units a quarter, have scheduling conflicts, or prefer to work independently. Self-paced work with text and tapes; instructor available for consultation on a regular basis. 3-unit minimum for beginners. Conversational practice available for additional unit. May be repeated for credit. This course does not fulfill the University language requirement.

GERLANG 20A. Beginning German Conversation. 1 Unit.

This course is for students with limited conversational abilities. Appropriate for students who are taking or have taken GERLANG 1. This course does not teach German from scratch, but is intended for students to practise basic conversations. Emphasis on everyday interactions. Attendance is required to receive course credit.

GERLANG 20B. Intermediate German Conversation. 1 Unit.

This course for students with some conversational abilities. Appropriate for students who are taking (or have taken) GERLANG 2, 3, or 21. Emphasis on conversational German, discussion of culture, exploring German media. nAttendance is required to receive course credit.

GERLANG 20C. Advanced German Conversation. 1 Unit.

This course for students interested practising advanced-level conversation. Most appropriate for students who are taking GERLANG 21 or higher, heritage speakers, and students looking to practice professional German. Emphasis on discussion of cultural topics including politics, exploring media and news, and student interests. nAttendance is required to receive course credit.

GERLANG 20E. Fun Facts about Europe. 1 Unit.

(AU) (Staff).

GERLANG 20J. Central European Brewing. 1 Unit.

This is a general survey course of the variety of German Beers. The course will have two components: (1) We will meet every other week for a beer tasting session and discussion of the history of German brewing culture. (2) Students will brew their own batch of beer once during the quarter. Beer Tasting will take place alternate Wednesday evenings. Brewing sessions will be hosted on the weekends. All sessions take place at Haus Mitt, 620 Mayfield Ave.

GERLANG 20K. Kuche Mitt. 1 Unit.

Explore the German art of baking by trying out a medley of traditional recipes. We will learn how to create delicious desserts, prepare hearty snacks and bake real bread so you can delight your friends with German tastes. nThe class will be held in Haus Mitt and enrollment is limited to 15 students.
Same as: German Cooking Class

GERLANG 20M. German Film and Theater. 1 Unit.

This class aims to give an overview of some seminal works in German film and theater. We will meet once weekly in Haus Mitteleuropa starting during the second week of quarter, at a time to be determined during the first week.

GERLANG 20P. Theme Projects. 1 Unit.

(AU).

GERLANG 20R. German Art and Design. 1 Unit.

.

GERLANG 20T. Teaching German Conversation. 1 Unit.

(AU).

GERLANG 21. Intermediate German I. 4 Units.

Continuation of GERLANG 3. Sequence integrating culture and language with emphasis on development of advanced oral and written proficiency. Targeted functional abilities include presentational and socioculturally appropriate language in formal and informal, academic and professional contexts. Prerequisite: Placement Test, GERLANG 3.

GERLANG 21S. Intermediate German. 4 Units.

Reading short stories, and review of German structure. Discussions in German, short compositions, videos. Prerequisite: one year of college German; or two years high school German or equivalent, or AP German.

GERLANG 21W. Intermediate German I: German for Business and International Relations. 4 Units.

Equivalent to 21, but focus is on business and the political and economic geography of Germany. CDs and videos. For students planning to do a business internship in a German-speaking country. Prerequisite: placement test, 3.

GERLANG 22. Intermediate German II. 4 Units.

Continuation of GERLANG 21. Sequence integrating culture and language with emphasis on development of advanced oral and written proficiency. Targeted functional abilities include presentational and socioculturally appropriate language in formal and informal, academic and professional contexts. Prerequisite: Placement Test, GERLANG 21.

GERLANG 22W. Intermediate German II: German for Business and International Relations. 4-5 Units.

Equivalent to 22, but continuation of 21W. Recommended for students planning to do a business internship in a German-speaking country. Prerequisite: placement test,21, 21W.

GERLANG 23. One Hundred German Years. 4 Units.

Hundert deutsche Jahre - Hones German language skills while introducing the history and culture of Germany as experienced by ordinary people over the course of the 20th century. Themes include Germans and money, foreigners, Hitler, the Wall, food, etc. Video series, parallel readings, discussion in German, writing, advanced usage. Prerequisite: Placement Test, GERLANG 22, GERLANG 22W.

GERLANG 23C. Second Year German, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of GERLANG 22. Sequence integrating culture and language with emphasis on development of advanced oral and written proficiency. Targeted functional abilities include presentational and socioculturally appropriate language in formal and informal, academic and professional contexts. Prerequisite: Placement Test, GERLANG 22.

GERLANG 99. Language Specials. 1-5 Unit.

Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

GERLANG 105. Advanced Business German. 4 Units.

For students planning to work in a German-speaking country and for preparation of the International Business German exams. Case studies of typical business situations with accompanying videos, listening comprehension exercises, and class simulations. Business correspondence and reports in German. Prerequisite: Placement Test, GERLANG 22.

GERLANG 110. German Newspapers. 3-4 Units.

For intermediate and advanced students. Articles from current newspapers and magazines, reading comprehension strategies with online news updates, and vocabulary. Writing practice if desired. May be repeated once for credit.

GERLANG 111. Television News from Germany. 3-4 Units.

For intermediate and advanced students. Current news reports and features for listening comprehension and vocabulary. Extra listening, speaking, or writing practice for fourth unit.

GERLANG 199. Individual Reading. 1-5 Unit.

Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

GERLANG 205A. Intensive First-Year German for Stanford Grads. 3-5 Units.

Equivalent to GERLANG 5A. For Stanford graduate students only. Stanford graduate students restricted to 9 units; may take 205A, B and C for a total of 9 units.

GERLANG 205B. Intensive First-Year German for Stanford Grads. 3-5 Units.

Equivalent to GERLANG 5B. For Stanford graduate students only. Continuation of 205A. Stanford graduate students restricted to 9 units; may take 205A, B and C for a total of 9 units.

GERLANG 205C. intensive First-Year German, Part C. 3-5 Units.

Equivalent to GERLANG 5C. For Stanford graduate students only. Continuation of 205B. Stanford graduate students restricted to 9 units may take 205A, B and C for a total of 9 units.

GERLANG 210. Elementary German for Graduate Students. 3-4 Units.

Restricted to Stanford graduate students. Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

GERLANG 250. Reading German. 4 Units.

For undergraduates and graduate students with a knowledge of German who want to acquire reading proficiency. Readings from scholarly works and professional journals. Recommended for students who need to pass the Ph.D. reading exam. Fulfills University reading requirement for advanced degrees if student earns a grade of 'B.' Prerequisite: one year of German, or 10, or equivalent.

GERLANG 395. Graduate Studies in German. 1-5 Unit.

Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

GERLANG 399. Independent Study. 1-5 Unit.

Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

Iberian Languages Courses

Italian Language Courses

ITALLANG 1. First-Year Italian, First Quarter. 5 Units.

All-in-Italian communicative and interactive approach. Emphasis is on the development of appropriate discourse in contemporary cultural contexts. Interpretation of authentic materials, written and oral presentations, and plenty of conversational practice. Language lab, multimedia, and online activities.

ITALLANG 1A. Accelerated First-Year Italian, Part 1. 5 Units.

Accelerated sequence that completes first-year Italian in two rather than three quarters. For students with previous knowledge of Italian or with a strong background in another Romance language. Prerequisite: advanced-level proficiency in another Romance language; AP or SAT in Italian or another Romance language; one year of Italian college level courses or in another Romance language; placement test.

ITALLANG 2. First-Year Italian, Second Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of ITALLANG 1. All-in-Italian communicative and interactive approach. Emphasis is on the development of appropriate discourse in contemporary cultural contexts. Interpretation of authentic materials, written and oral presentations, and plenty of conversational practice. Language lab, multimedia, and online activities. Prerequisite: ITALLANG 1 or placement test.

ITALLANG 2A. Accelerated First-Year Italian, Part 2. 5 Units.

Continuation of ITALLANG 1A. Accelerated sequence that completes first-year Italian in two rather than three quarters. For students with previous knowledge of Italian or with a strong background in another Romance language. Prerequisite: Placement Test or ITALLANG 1A. Fulfills the University language requirement.

ITALLANG 3. First-Year Italian, Third Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of ITALLANG 2. All-in-Italian communicative and interactive approach. Emphasis is on the development of appropriate discourse in contemporary cultural contexts. Interpretation of authentic materials, written and oral presentations, and plenty of conversational practice. Language lab, multimedia, and online activities. Prerequisite: ITALLANG 2 or placement test. Fulfills the University language requirement.

ITALLANG 5A. Intensive First-Year Italian, Part A. 5 Units.

Same as ITALLANG 1. Accelerated. Covers 1 quarter of Italian. Emphasis is on the development of authentic discourse. Online activities, conversational practice, and interpretation and production of oral and written materials. Only Stanford graduate students restricted to 9 units may register for 205A,B,C.

ITALLANG 5B. Intensive First-Year Italian, Part B. 5 Units.

Same as ITALLANG 2. Continuatsion of 5A. Accelerated. Emphasis is on the development of authentic discourse. Online activities, conversational practice, and interpretation and production of oral and written materials. Only Stanford graduate students restricted to 9 units may register for 205A,B,C. Prerequisite 1 or 5A.

ITALLANG 5C. Intensive First-Year Italian, Part C. 5 Units.

Same as ITALLANG 3.. Continuation of 5B. Accelerated. Emphasis is on the development of authentic discourse. Online activities, conversational practice, and interpretation and production of oral and written materials. Only Stanford graduate students restricted to 9 units may register for 205A,B,C. Prerequisite 2 or 5B. Fulfills the University language requirement.

ITALLANG 15S. Intermediate Italian Oral Conversation. 3 Units.

May be repeated once for credit.

ITALLANG 20. Intermediate Oral Communication: Italy Today. 3 Units.

Second-year conversational and presentational skills developed through exposure to movie clips, slide shows, and other authentic multimedia materials. Guest lectures on Italian culture including opera, pop music, wine, and food culture. Preview of the Florentine experience with Florence returnees sharing their experiences in Italy. Prerequisite: ITALLANG 2A, ITALLANG 3. Repeatable for credit twice.

ITALLANG 21. Second Year Italian, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of 3 or Italian 2A . Second-Year Italian, First Quarter - Sequence integrating culture and language in the development of socioculturally appropriate discourse. Authentic materials include news and film clips, video and audio files, and short stories. Reading, writing, listening, and speaking competence based on cross cultural understanding. Prerequisite: Placement Test, ITALLANG 3.

ITALLANG 21A. Accelerated Second-Year Italian, Part 1. 5 Units.

Continuation of ITALLANG 2A or Italian 3. For students going to Florence. Completes second-year sequence in two rather than three quarters. Prerequisite: placement test, ITALLANG 2A, ITALLANG 3.

ITALLANG 22. Second-Year Italian, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of ITALLANG 21. Sequence integrating culture and language in the development of socioculturally appropriate discourse. Authentic materials include news and film clips, video and audio files, and excerpts from short stories. Reading, writing, listening, and speaking competence based on cross-cultural understanding. Prerequisite: Placement Test, ITALLANG 21 or equivalent.

ITALLANG 22A. Accelerated Second-Year Italian, Part 2. 5 Units.

Continuation of ITALLANG 21A or OSPFLOR 21F (for Florence returnees). Part A of a second-year sequence in two rather than three quarters. Satisfies the foreign language requirement for International Relations majors. Prerequisite: Placement Test, ITALLANG 21A or OSPFLOR 21F.

ITALLANG 23. Second-Year Italian, Third Quarter. 3-4 Units.

Continuation of ITALLANG 22. Sequence integrating culture and language in the development of socioculturally appropriate discourse. Authentic materials include news and film clips, video and audio files, and short stories. Reading, writing, listening, and speaking competence based on cross cultural understanding. Prerequisite: Placement Test, ITALLANG 22 or equivalent. Satisfies the foreign language requirement for International Relations majors.

ITALLANG 99. Language Specials. 1-5 Unit.

Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

ITALLANG 101. Advanced Oral Communication: Italian Opera. 3 Units.

For Florence returnees or those who have completed second-year Italian. Use of opera by Leoncavallo, Puccini, Rossini, Verdi to improve communication skills and review language functions. Emphasis is on presentation, conversation, and debate. Prerequisites: Placement Test, second-year Italian or equivalent.

ITALLANG 102. Advanced Oral Communication: Modern Cinema. 3 Units.

For Florence returnees or those who have completed second-year Italian. Use of movies by Italian film directors such as Benigni, Moretti, Salvatores, Soldini, and Tornatore to improve communication skills and review language functions. Emphasis is on presentation, conversation, and debate. Prerequisite: placement test, 101.

ITALLANG 103. Advanced Oral Communication: Italian Classic Cinema. 3 Units.

For Florence returnees or those who have completed second-year Italian. Use of classical movies by Italian film directors such as Antonioni, De Sica, Fellini, Rossellini, Visconti, and others to improve communication skills and review language functions. Emphasis is on presentation, conversation, and debate. Prerequisite: second-year Italian.

ITALLANG 113. Italian Cultural Studies. 3 Units.

Literary texts, news reports, comic books, film reviews, music lyrics, and sociological surveys used to examine Italy's language, culture, and society today. Advanced grammatical analysis and reading comprehension. Prerequisite: second-year Italian or equivalent.

ITALLANG 114. Advanced Stylistics and Composition. 3-4 Units.

Goal is advanced proficiency in written Italian. Textual and grammatical analysis of literary and non-literary texts, oral reports, translations, and writing assignments. Prerequisite: Placement Test, second-year Italian or equivalent.

ITALLANG 115. Academic and Creative Writing. 3-4 Units.

Continuation of 114. Academic prose: formal structures and academic terminology. Creative prose: short stories, expressive language, and when and how to break the rules for effect. Prerequisite: second-year Italian or equivalent.

ITALLANG 126. Italy and Italians Today. 2 Units.

May be repeated for credit.

ITALLANG 205A. Intensive First-Year Italian for Stanford Grads, Part A. 3-5 Units.

Equivalent to ITALLANG 5A. Accelerated. Emphasis is on the development of authentic discourse. Online activities, conversational practice, and interpretation and production of oral and written materials. Only Stanford graduate students restricted to 9 units may register for 205A,B,C or 2 of the courses for a total of 9 units.

ITALLANG 205B. Intensive First-Year Italian for Stanford Grads, Part B. 3-5 Units.

Equivalent to ITALLANG 5B. Accelerated. Emphasis is on the development of authentic discourse. Online activities, conversational practice, and interpretation and production of oral and written materials. Only Stanford graduate students restricted to 9 units may register for 205A,B,C or 2 of the courses for a total of 9 units Prerequisite 205A or equivalent.

ITALLANG 205C. Intensive First-Year Italian for Stanford Grads, Part C. 3-5 Units.

Equivalent to ITALLANG 5C. Accelerated. Emphasis is on the development of authentic discourse. Online activities, conversational practice, and interpretation and production of oral and written materials. Only Stanford graduate students restricted to 9 units may register for 205A,B,C or 2 of the courses for a total of 9 units Prerequisite 205B or equivalent.

ITALLANG 250. Reading Italian. 4 Units.

For seniors or graduate students seeking to meet the University reading requirement for advanced degrees. Reading strategies for comprehension of secondary literature for academic research. Fulfills the University foreign language requirement for advanced degrees if student earns a grade of 'B.' Prerequisite: one year of Italian or reading proficiency in another Romance language.

ITALLANG 394. Graduate Studies in Italian Conversation. 1-3 Unit.

Prerequisite: consent of instructor.nn (Staff).

ITALLANG 395. Graduate Studies in Italian. 2-5 Units.

Prerequisite: consent of instructor.nn (Staff).

Japanese Language Courses

JAPANLNG 1. First-Year Japanese Language, Culture, and Communication, First Quarter. 5 Units.

(Formerly JAPANLNG 7). First-year sequence enables students to converse, write, and read essays on topics such as personal history, experiences, familiar people. 72 kanji characters will be taught.

JAPANLNG 2. First-Year Japanese Language, Culture, and Communication, Second Quarter. 5 Units.

(Formerly JAPANLNG 8). Continuation of 1. First-year sequence enables students to converse, write, and read essays on topics such as personal history, experiences, familiar people. Students are expected to master 177 kanji characters by completing this course. Prerequisite: placement test, JAPANLNG 1. See http://japanese.stanford.edu.

JAPANLNG 3. First-Year Japanese Language, Culture, and Communication, Third Quarter. 5 Units.

(Formerly JAPANLNG 9). Continuation of JAPANLNG 2. First-year sequence enables students to converse, write, and read essays on topics such as personal history, experiences, familiar people. Students are expected to master ~ 300 kanji characters by completing the course. Fulfills University Foreign Language Requirement. Prerequisite: placement test, JAPANLNG 2. http://japanese.stanford.edu/.

JAPANLNG 4A. First -Year Japanese Language Essentials, First Quarter. 3 Units.

(Formerly JAPANLNG 7A.) For students who want to build communication skills in limited time. Online listening exercises, audiovisual materials, kanji exercises. See http://japanese.stanford.edu/?page_id=73.

JAPANLNG 4B. First-Year Japanese Language Essentials, Second Quarter. 3 Units.

(Formerly JAPANLNG 8A.) Continuation of JAPANLNG 4A. For students who want to build communication skills in limited time. Online listening exercises, audiovisual materials, kanji exercises. Prerequisite: Placement Test, JAPANLNG 4A . See http://japanese.stanford.edu/?page_id=73.

JAPANLNG 4C. First-Year Japanese Language Essentials, Third Quarter. 3 Units.

(Formerly JAPANLNG 9A.) Continuation of JAPANLNG 4B. For students who want to build communication skills in limited time. Online listening exercises, audiovisual materials, kanji exercises. Prerequisite: Placement Test, JAPANLNG 4B. See http://japanese.stanford.edu/?page_id=73.

JAPANLNG 5. Intensive First-Year Japanese Language. 15 Units.

Equivalent to 1, 2, and 3 combined. See http://japanese.stanford.edu/?page_id=323. Graduate students restricted to 9 units should enroll in 305.

JAPANLNG 11A. Intermediate Japanese Conversation, First Quarter. 2 Units.

(Formerly JAPANLNG 27.Goal of t he course is to converse in Japanese with more confidence. Develops oral proficiency through building solid basic sentence patterns and increasing vocabulary in order to gain ability to speak about greater variety of topics with more detail. Class activities include role play and mini skits for practical use of Japanese. Prerequisite: JAPANLNG 3 or consent of instructor.

JAPANLNG 11B. Intermediate Japanese Conversation, Second Quarter. 2 Units.

(Formerly JAPANLNG 28.) Continuation of JAPANLNG 11A.Goal of the course is to converse in Japanese with more confidence. Develops oral proficiency through building solid basic sentence patterns and increasing vocabulary in order to gain ability to speak about greater variety of topics with more detail. Class activities include role play and mini skits for practical use of Japanese. Prerequisite: JAPANLNG 11A or consent of instructor.

JAPANLNG 11C. Intermediate Japanese Conversation, Third Quarter. 2 Units.

(Formerly JAPANLNG 29.)Goal of the course is to converse in Japanese with more confidence. Develops oral proficiency through building solid basic sentence patterns and increasing vocabulary in order to gain ability to speak about greater variety of topics with more detail. Class activities include role play and mini skits for practical use of Japanese. Prerequisite: JAPANLNG 11B or consent of instructor.

JAPANLNG 14A. Second-Year Japanese Language Essentials, First Quarter. 3 Units.

(Formerly JAPANLNG 17A.) Continuation of JAPANLNG 4C. For students who want to build communication skills in limited time. Prerequisite: JAPANLNG 4C. See http://japanese.stanford.edu/?page_id=89.

JAPANLNG 14B. Second-Year Japanese Language Essentials, Second Quarter. 3 Units.

(Formerly JAPANLNG 18A.) Continuation of JAPANLNG 14A. For students who want to build communication skills in limited time. Prerequisite: JAPANLNG 14A. See http://japanese.stanford.edu/?page_id=89.

JAPANLNG 14C. Second-Year Japanese Language Essentials, Third Quarter. 3 Units.

(Formerly JAPANLNG 19A.) Continuation of JAPANLNG 14B. For students who want to build communication skills in limited time. Prerequisite: JAPANLNG 14B. See http://japanese.stanford.edu/?page_id=89.

JAPANLNG 20. Intensive Second-Year Japanese. 15 Units.

Equivalent to 21,22,23 combined. Prerequisite: 3. 5 or consent of instructor. graduate students restricted to 9 units may take the course under JAPANLNG 320. See http://japanese.stanford.edu?page_id=323.

JAPANLNG 21. Second-Year Japanese Language, Culture, and Communication, First Quarter. 5 Units.

(Formerly JAPANLNG 17.) Goal is to further develop and enhance spoken and written Japanese in order to handle advanced concepts such as comparison and contrast of the two cultures, descriptions of incidents, and social issues. 800 kanji, 1,400 new words, and higher-level grammatical constructions. Readings include authentic materials such as newspaper articles, and essays. Prerequisite: Placement Test, JAPANLNG 3. See http://japanese.stanford.edu/?page_id=23.

JAPANLNG 22. Second-Year Japanese Language, Culture, and Communication, Second Quarter. 5 Units.

(Formely JAPANLNG 18). Continuation of JAPANLNG 21. Goal is to further develop and enhance spoken and written Japanese in order to handle advanced concepts such as comparison and contrast of the two cultures, descriptions of incidents, and social issues. 800 kanji, 1,400 new words, and higher-level grammatical constructions. Readings include authentic materials such as newspaper articles, and essays. Prerequisite: Placement Test, JAPANLNG 21. See http://japanese.stanford.edu/?page_id=23.

JAPANLNG 23. Second-Year Japanese Language, Culture, and Communication, Third Quarter. 5 Units.

(Formerly JAPANLNG 19). Goal is to further develop and enhance spoken and written Japanese in order to handle advanced concepts such as comparison and contrast of the two cultures, descriptions of incidents, and social issues. 800 kanji, 1,400 new words, and higher-level grammatical constructions. Readings include authentic materials such as newspaper articles, and essays. (Formerly JAPANLNG 18B.) Prerequisite: 22. http://japanese.stanford.edu/?page_id=23.

JAPANLNG 31A. Intermediate to Advanced Conversation, First Quarter. 2 Units.

Oral proficiency through role play, oral presentations, and discussion. Recommended for those who have participated in Kyoto SCTI program. May be taken concurrently with JAPANLNG 21, 22, and 23. Prerequisite: 9K, or consent of instructor.See http://japanese.stanford.edu/?page_id=421.

JAPANLNG 31B. Intermediate to Advanced Conversation, Second Quarter. 2 Units.

Continuation of JAPANLNG 31A. (Oral proficiency through role play, oral presentations, and discussion. Recommended for those who have participated in Kyoto SCTI program. May be taken concurrently with JAPANLNG 21, 22, and 23. Prerequisite: JAPANLNG 31A. Seenhttp://japanese.stanford.edu/.

JAPANLNG 31C. Intermediate to Advanced Conversation, Third Quarter. 2 Units.

(Continuation of JAPANLNG 31B. Oral proficiency through role play, oral presentations, and discussion. Recommended for those who have participated in Kyoto SCTI program. May be taken concurrently with JAPANLNG 21, 22, and 23. Prerequisite: JAPANLNG 32B. Seenhttp://japanese.stanford.edu/.

JAPANLNG 31E. Accelerated Beginning Japanese for Engineering Students. 4 Units.

Restricted to engineering students participating in the School of Engineering Japan Internship Program. This is a special course for those who go to Japan for summer internships. The course focuses on survival Japanese but lays a solid foundation for continued learning of the language.nnGrad students enroll in JAPANLNG 331E.

JAPANLNG 32G. Accelerated Beginning Business Japanese II. 4 Units.

For GSB students only. Limited enrollment.

JAPANLNG 33G. Accelerated Beginning Business Japanese III. 4 Units.

For GSB students only. Limited enrollment.

JAPANLNG 99. Language Specials. 1-5 Unit.

Prerequisite: consent of instructor.nn (Staff).

JAPANLNG 100. Reading in Japanese. 1 Unit.

Goal is to advance Japanese proficiency through reading in Japanese on topics you are interested in. You will read and write journals about the booklets, magazines, periodicals, and manga you choose. Research shows that this type of reading activity further enhances learners¿ proficiency (accuracy, vocabulary, writing, and cultural literacy). Perquisite: JAPANLNG 2, but all levels are welcome.

JAPANLNG 101. Third-Year Japanese Language, Culture, and Communication, First Quarter. 5 Units.

(Formerly JAPANLNG 117.) Goal is to express thoughts and opinions in paragraph length in spoken and written forms. Materials include current Japanese media and literature for native speakers of Japanese. Cultural and social topics related to Japan and its people. Prerequisite: Placement Tests, JAPANLNG 23. See http://japanese.stanford.edu/?page_id=39.

JAPANLNG 102. Third-Year Japanese Language, Culture, and Communication, Second Quarter. 5 Units.

(Formerly JAPANLNG 118). Continuation of 101. Goal is to express thoughts and opinions in paragraph length in spoken and written forms. Materials include current Japanese media and literature for native speakers of Japanese. Cultural and social topics related to Japan and its people. Prerequisite: 101. See http://japanese.stanford.edu/?page_id=39.

JAPANLNG 103. Third-Year Japanese Language, Culture, and Communication, Third Quarter. 5 Units.

(Formerly JAPANLNG 119). Continuation of 102. Goal is to express thoughts and opinions in paragraph length in spoken and written forms. Materials include current Japanese media and literature for native speakers of Japanese. Cultural and social topics related to Japan and its people. Prerequisite: 102. See http://japanese.stanford.edu/? page_id=39Prerequisite.

JAPANLNG 104A. Japanese for Professionals, First Quarter. 3 Units.

Recommended for students who have the basic grammatical foundation (equivalent to completion of JAPANLNG 14C or 3), and are ready to develop further communication skills in a limited time not only in their field of interest but also in a professional environment. Prerequisite: JAPANLNG 14C, JAPANLNG 3. See http://japanese.stanford.edu/?page_id=223.

JAPANLNG 104B. Japanese for Professionals, Second Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of JAPANLNG 104A. Recommended for students who have the basic grammatical foundation, and are ready to develop further communication skills in a limited time not only in their field of interest but also in a professional environment. Prerequisite: JAPANLNG 104A.

JAPANLNG 104C. Japanese for Professionals, Third Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of JAPANLNG 104B. Recommended for students who have the basic grammatical foundation, and are ready to develop further communication skills in a limited time not only in their field of interest but also in a professional environment. Prerequisite: JAPANLNG 104B. .

JAPANLNG 105. Intensive 3rd Year Modern Japanese. 15 Units.

Equivalent to 101, 102, 103 combined. Prerequisite 20, 23, or, equivalent. Graduate students restricted to 9 units may take the course for 9 units under 405.

JAPANLNG 111A. Advanced Japanese Conversation, First Quarter. 2 Units.

(formely JAPANLNG 121) The J111A, B, & C course sequence is designed for students who wish to advance their speaking skills of the Japanese language to the advanced level. Its goals are to help students gain proficiency and confidence in the use of Japanese and to prepare them for their lifelong study.nnThis is a "students-driven, students-centered" course. The instructor will not "teach." Instead she is there to facilitate interactions and "help the students obtain their goals." Students are expected to come to class with their concrete goals as to what they want to do with their Japanese, and be ready to work hard in class to reach their goals.

JAPANLNG 111B. Advanced Japanese Conversation, Second Quarter. 2 Units.

(Formerly JAPANLNG 122.) Continuation of JAPANLNG 111A. The J111A, B, & C course sequence is designed for students who wish to advance their speaking skills of the Japanese language to the advanced level. Its goals are to help students gain proficiency and confidence in the use of Japanese and to prepare them for their lifelong study. nnThis is a "students-driven, students-centered" course. The instructor will not "teach." Instead she is there to facilitate interactions and "help the students obtain their goals." Students are expected to come to class with their concrete goals as to what they want to do with their Japanese, and be ready to work hard in class to reach their goals.

JAPANLNG 111C. Advanced Japanese Conversation, Third Quarter. 2 Units.

(Formerly JAPANLNG 123.) Continuation of JAPANLNG 111B.The J111A, B, & C course sequence is designed for students who wish to advance their speaking skills of the Japanese language to the advanced level. Its goals are to help students gain proficiency and confidence in the use of Japanese and to prepare them for their life-long study. This is a "students-driven, students-centered" course. The instructor will not "teach." Instead she is there to facilitate interactions and "help the students obtain their goals." Students are expected to come to class with their concrete goals as to what they want to do with their Japanese, and be ready to work hard in class to reach their goals.

JAPANLNG 113F. Japanese Through Film, First Quarter. 2-4 Units.

Contemporary Japanese culture through Japanese films, documentaries, TV dramas, and animes. Structured for students with a strong desire to advance their Japanese language skills and who have limited class preparation time. Students will engage in in-depth discussion and exploration of social and cultural issues, expand the repertoire of vocabulary, and practice on advanced language skills. Topics may vary depending on student interests. Prerequisite: JAPANLNG 23. See http://japanese.stanford.edu/.

JAPANLNG 114F. Japanese Through Film, Second Quarter. 2-4 Units.

Contemporary Japanese culture through Japanese films, documentaries, TV dramas, and animes. Structured for students with a strong desire to advance their Japanese language skills and who have limited class preparation time. Students will engage in in-depth discussion and exploration of social and cultural issues, expand the repertoire of vocabulary, and practice on advanced language skills. Topics may vary depending on student interests. Prerequisite: JAPANLNG 23. See http://japanese.stanford.edu/.

JAPANLNG 115F. Japanese Through Film,Third Quarter. 2-4 Units.

Contemporary Japanese culture through Japanese films, documentaries, TV dramas, and animes. Structured for students with a strong desire to advance their Japanese language skills and who have limited class preparation time. Students will engage in in-depth discussion and exploration of social and cultural issues, expand the repertoire of vocabulary, and practice on advanced language skills. Topics may vary depending on student interests. Prerequisite: JAPANLNG 23.

JAPANLNG 200. Directed Reading. 1-5 Unit.

Prerequisite: 213 and consent of instructor.

JAPANLNG 211. Fourth-Year Japanese, First Quarter. 3-5 Units.

Structure of Japanese, writings in different genres and styles, using such knowledge in writing, and expressing opinions on a variety of topics. Original writings, including fiction, essays, newspaper, and journal articles. Recommended taken in sequence. Prerequisite: JAPANLNG 103. See http://japanese.stanford.edu/?page_id=263.

JAPANLNG 212. Fourth-Year Japanese, Second Quarter. 3-5 Units.

Continuation of JAPANLNG 211. Structure of Japanese, writings in different genres and styles, using such knowledge in writing, and expressing opinions on a variety of topics. Original writings, including fiction, essays, newspaper, and journal articles. Recommended taken in sequence. Prerequisite: JAPANLNG 211. See http://japanese.stanford.edu/?page_id=263.

JAPANLNG 213. Fourth-Year Japanese, Third Quarter. 3-5 Units.

Continuation of JAPANLNG 212. Structure of Japanese, writings in different genres and styles, using such knowledge in writing, and expressing opinions on a variety of topics. Original writings, including fiction, essays, newspaper, and journal articles. Recommended taken in sequence. Prerequisite: JAPANLNG 212. See http://japanese.stanford.edu/?page_id=263.

JAPANLNG 305. Intensive First-Year Japanese for Stanford Graduate Students. 9 Units.

Equivalent to 3 quarters of JAPANLNG 1, 2, and 3 combined. Same as JAPANLNG nn5. Stanford Grads only. http://japanese.stanford.edu/?page_id=323.nnSum.

JAPANLNG 320. Intensive Second-Year Japanese for Stanford Graduate Students. 9 Units.

Equivalent to 21, 22, 23 combined or 20. Stanford Grads only. See http://japanese.stanford.edu/?page_id=323.

JAPANLNG 331E. Accelerated Beginning Japanese for Engineering Students, First Quarter. 1-4 Unit.

Restricted to engineering students participating in the School of Engineering Japan Internship Program.

JAPANLNG 394. Graduate Studies in Japanese Conversation. 1-3 Unit.

Prerequisite: consent of instructor. (Staff).

JAPANLNG 395. Graduate Studies in Japanese. 1-5 Unit.

Prerequisite: consent of instructor. (Staff).

JAPANLNG 405. Intensive third Year Japanese for Graduate Students. 9 Units.

Equivalent to 101, 102, and 103 combined or 105 . Prerequisite 23 or 20 . For Stanford grads only.

Korean Language Courses

KORLANG 1. First-Year Korean, First Quarter. 5 Units.

Communication skills, vocabulary, and grammar patterns. Culturally appropriate conduct relevant to contexts such as greetings, gestures, and body language.

KORLANG 1H. Beginning Korean for Heritage Learners, First Quarter. 3 Units.

For students with previous knowledge of Korean or a strong background in listening and speaking. Focus is on reading, writing, and spelling rather than speaking and listening. Sources include textbook, workbook, and digitized listening materials.

KORLANG 2. First-Year Korean, Second Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of KORLANG 1. Communication skills, vocabulary, and grammar patterns. Culturally appropriate conduct relevant to contexts such as greetings, gestures, and body language. Prerequisite: Placement Test, KORLANG 1.

KORLANG 2H. Beginning Korean for Heritage Learners, Second Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of KORLANG 1H. For students with previous knowledge of Korean or a strong background in listening and speaking. Focus is on reading, writing, and spelling rather than speaking and listening. Sources include textbook, workbook, and digitized listening materials. Prerequisite: KORLANG 1H.

KORLANG 3. First-Year Korean, Third Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of KORLANG 2. Communication skills, vocabulary, and grammar patterns. Culturally appropriate conduct relevant to contexts such as greetings, gestures, and body language. Prerequisite: Placement Test, KORLANG 2. Fulfills the University language requirement.

KORLANG 3H. Beginning Korean for Heritage Learners, Third Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of KORLANG 2H. For students with previous knowledge or a strong background in listening and speaking. Focus is on reading, writing, and spelling rather than speaking and listening. Sources include textbook, workbook, and digitized listening materials. Prerequisite: KORLANG 2H. Fulfills University Language requirement.

KORLANG 21. Second-Year Korean, First Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of KORLANG 3. More complex sentences and grammatical patterns. Conversation in daily situations such as making a polite request or suggestion, reading simple texts, and Korean culture. Prerequisite: Placement Test, KORLANG 3.

KORLANG 22. Second-Year Korean, Second Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of KORLANG 21. More complex sentences and grammatical patterns. Conversation in daily situations such as making a polite request or suggestion, reading simple texts, and Korean culture. Prerequisite: Placement Test, KORLANG 21.

KORLANG 23. Second-Year Korean, Third Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of KORLANG 22. More complex sentences and grammatical patterns. Conversation in daily situations such as making a polite request or suggestion, reading simple texts, and Korean culture. Prerequisite: Placement Test, KORLANG 22.

KORLANG 101. Third-Year Korean, First Quarter. 4-5 Units.

Continuation of KORLANG 23. Materials about Korean culture and society. Proficiency in interpersonal, interpretive, and presentational communication. Vocabulary, reading, and aural/oral skills. Prerequisite: Placement Test, KORLANG 23.

KORLANG 102. Third-Year Korean, Second Quarter. 4-5 Units.

Continuation of KORLANG 101. Materials about Korean culture and society. Proficiency in interpersonal, interpretive, and presentational communication. Vocabulary, reading, and aural/oral skills. Prerequisite: Placement Test or KORLANG 101.

KORLANG 103. Third-Year Korean, Third Quarter. 4-5 Units.

Continuation of KORLANG 102. Materials about Korean culture and society. Proficiency in interpersonal, interpretive, and presentational communication. Vocabulary, reading, and aural/oral skills. Prerequisite: Placement Test, or KORLANG 102.

KORLANG 110. Korean Pronunciation and Intonation. 1-2 Unit.

Goal is intelligibility and fluency. Lab assignments. Prerequisite: 3.

KORLANG 111. Medical Korean, First Quarter. 2-3 Units.

Medical vocabulary; cultural attitude. Video clips, technical journal and prescription reading, and class simulations. Prerequisite: 23.

KORLANG 112. Medical Korean, Second Quarter. 2 Units.

Medical vocabulary; cultural attitude. Video clips, technical journal and prescription reading, and class simulations. Prerequisite: 111.

KORLANG 120A. Korean Culture. 1-3 Unit.

Examination of Korean culture and society to develop fluency and vocabulary through newspapers and short essays. May be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: 103.

KORLANG 120B. Korean Culture. 1-2 Unit.

Examination of Korean culture and society to develop fluency and vocabulary through newspapers and short essays. May be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: 103.

KORLANG 120C. Korean Culture. 1-2 Unit.

Examination of Korean culture and society to develop fluency and vocabulary through newspapers and short essays. May be repeated for credit. Prerequisites: 103.

KORLANG 120K. Korean Language and Culture through Drama and Film. 3 Units.

Korean culture and society through contemporary Korean drama and films. Advanced vocabulary , grammar, and idiomatic expressions. Prerequisite: placement test or 103.

KORLANG 130. Reading Korean. 4 Units.

Contemporary literature and academic texts. May be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: KORLANG 103.

KORLANG 200. Directed Reading in Korean. 1-5 Unit.

Prerequisite: consent of instructor.nn (Staff).

KORLANG 395. Graduate Studies in Korean. 1-5 Unit.

Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

Portuguese Language Courses

PORTLANG 1A. Accelerated First-Year Portuguese, Part 1. 5 Units.

For students with two years of college level study or equivalent of a Romance language, preferably Spanish. Goal is to use socially and culturally appropriate forms in conversations, providing and obtaining information, and expressing feelings, emotions, and opinions. Students learn the language as they contrast Brazilian culture with their own. Lab. Completion of PORTLANG 2A fulfills the University's foreign language requirement.

PORTLANG 2A. Accelerated First-Year Portuguese, Part 2. 5 Units.

Continuation of PORTLANG 1A. For students with two years of college level study or equivalent of a Romance language, preferably Spanish. Goal is to use socially and culturally appropriate forms in conversations, providing and obtaining information, describing and narrating, and expressing feelings, emotions, and opinions. Students learn the language as they contrast Brazilian culture with their own. Lab. Completion of PORTLANG 2A fulfills the University's foreign language requirement. Prerequisite: Placement Test, or PORTLANG 1A.

PORTLANG 11A. Accelerated Second-Year Portuguese, Part 1. 5 Units.

Continuation of PORTLANG 2A. Goal is to use linguistically and culturally appropriate forms in oral narrations, descriptions, and expression of ideas and opinions. Emphasis is on expository speech. Prerequisite: Placement Test, PORTLANG 2A or PORTLANG 3.

PORTLANG 12A. Accelerated Second-Year Portuguese, Part 2. 5 Units.

Continuation of PORTLANG 11A. Goal is to use linguistically and culturally appropriate forms in narrations, descriptions, and expression of ideas and opinions. Emphasis on expository writing. Prerequisite: Placement Test or PORTLANG 11A.

PORTLANG 99. Language Specials. 1-5 Unit.

Prerequisite: consent of instructor.n (Staff).

PORTLANG 101. Reading Brazil. 3-5 Units.

Short expository readings, guest lectures, discussions, compositions on Brazilian issues. Review of grammatical structures. Vocabulary building with emphasis on common idiomatic expressions and troublesome lexical distinctions. Prerequisite: PORTLANG 12A or equivalent.

PORTLANG 102. Brazil in Text: Advanced Grammar and Composition. 3-5 Units.

3rd year course. Further development of academic writing. Short fictional and expository readings, guest lectures, discussions, compositions on Brazilian issues. Emphasis is on building paragraphs, organizing arguments, and justifying positions. May be used as workshop to write papers in Portuguese for another course. May be repeated once for credit. Prerequisite: PORTLANG 12A or equivalent.

PORTLANG 103. Advanced Conversation: Brazil Today. 3-5 Units.

3rd year course. Reading and discussions on issues from current newspapers and magazines, reading comprehension strategies with online news updates, and vocabulary building with emphasis on formal expository writing. Writing practice if desired. Students prepare short presentations and lead subsequent discussions. May be repeated once for credit. Prerequisite: PORTLANG 12A.

PORTLANG 161. Advanced Reading in Portuguese, Fourth-year Portuguese. 4-5 Units.

The course emphasizes high-level reading comprehension and leads to advanced development of communication skills for extended formal and informal discourse in Portuguese. Prerequisite: Placement Test or PORTLANG 101.

PORTLANG 162. Advanced Writing in Portuguese, Fourth-year Portuguese. 4-5 Units.

The course has two tracks, depending on the interest of the student: a) advanced expository writing (correspondence, technical reports, editorials, etc.) and b) creative writing (`crônicas' short stories, poems, etc.). Prerequisite: Placement Test or PORTLANG 102.

PORTLANG 163. Contemporary Issues in the Lusophone World. Fourth-Year Portuguese. 4-5 Units.

The class emphasizes formal presentations/discussions in Portuguese, based on contemporary issues in the lusophone world. Students use as linguistic models newspaper and magazine articles, TV news broadcasts, online news services, films, art exhibits, news on scientific advances, etc. Focus is on mastering high-level vocabulary/structures, as well as reading and rhetorical strategies, for appropriate use in professional settings. Prerequisite: Placement Test or PORTLANG 103.

PORTLANG 164. Translating the Lusophone world, Fourth-Year Portuguese. 3-5 Units.

For advanced students. Literary and technical translation. Readings on theoretical topics on translation; discussion, analysis and comparison of existing translations (literary and technical); individual translation projects according to students field of study, and discussion and analysis of those projects in class. Final translation project to be undertaken individually. Prerequisite: PORTLANG 250 or completion of 3rd year sequence.

PORTLANG 193Q. Spaces and Voices of Brazil through Film. 3-4 Units.

The manners in which a country is perceived and defines itself is a result of many complex forces, and involves the reproduction of social relations and complex social constructions both on the part of those who live there and those who see it from a distance. The perceptions of what Brazil is and what defines the country has changed throughout times, but has conserved some clear pervasive defining traits. This course is an introduction to the history, culture, politics and artistic production of Brazil as seen through feature films, documentaries and some complementary readings. Movies include, among others, Banana is my Business, Black Orpheus, Olga, They Don't Use Black-Tie, City of God, Central Station, Gaijin, and Four Days in September-among others. In English.
Same as: ILAC 193Q

PORTLANG 297. Directed Reading. 1-4 Unit.

Prerequisite: consent of instructor.nn (Staff).

PORTLANG 394. Graduate Studies in Portuguese Conversation. 1-3 Unit.

Prerequisite: consent of instructor.nn (Staff).

PORTLANG 395. Graduate Studies in Portuguese. 1-5 Unit.

Prerequisite: consent of instructor.n (Staff).

Slavic Language Courses

SLAVLANG 1. First-Year Russian, First Quarter. 5 Units.

Functionally-based communicative approach, including essential Russian grammar. Discussions of Russian culture and the Russian view of reality.

SLAVLANG 1A. Accelerated First-Year Russian, Part 1. 5 Units.

First quarter of the two-quarter accelerated sequence. For students with little or no prior experience studying Russian. Students acquire beginning proficiency in Russian at an accelerated pace through intensive studying of basic Russian grammar and functional vocabulary. The course emphasis is put on practice in speaking, reading, and writing Russian with special insight into Russian culture. Completion of 2A fulfills the University Language Requirement.

SLAVLANG 2. First-Year Russian, Second Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of SLAVLANG 1. Functionally-based communicative approach, including essential Russian grammar. Discussions of Russian culture and the Russian view of reality. Prerequisite: Placement Test or SLAVLANG 1.

SLAVLANG 2A. Accelerated First-Year Russian, part 2. 5 Units.

Continuation of SLAVLANG 1A. Completes the first-year sequence in two rather than three quarters. Students develop first-year proficiency in Russian at an accelerated pace through intensive studying of basic Russian grammar and functional vocabulary and active language use. The course emphasis is put on practice in speaking, reading, and writing Russian through diverse materials and appropriate cultural contexts. The course fulfills the University foreign language requirement. nPrerequisite: SLAVLANG 1A or consent of instructor.

SLAVLANG 3. First-Year Russian, Third Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of SLAVLANG 2. Functionally-based communicative approach, including essential Russian grammar. Discussions of Russian culture and the Russian view of reality. Prerequisite: Placement Test or SLAVLANG 2.

SLAVLANG 6. Russian for Native Speakers, Second Quarter. 2 Units.

Self-paced. Reading and writing skills and communicating in formal and informal settings. Does not fulfill the University foreign language requirement. Prerequisite: SLAVLANG 5.

SLAVLANG 7. Russian for Native Speakers, Third Quarter. 2 Units.

Continuation of SLAVLANG 6. Self-paced. Reading and writing skills and communicating in formal and informal settings. Does not fulfill the University foreign language requirement. Prerequisite: SLAVLANG 6.

SLAVLANG 51. Second-Year Russian, First Quarter. 5 Units.

Proficiency development at the intermediate level, including more difficult grammar such as numbers, verb conjugation, and aspect. Vocabulary, speaking skills. Prerequisite: Placement Test, SLAVLANG 3.

SLAVLANG 52. Second-Year Russian, Second Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of 51. Proficiency development at the intermediate level, including mMore difficult grammar such as numbers, verb conjugation, and aspect. Vocabulary, speaking skills. Prerequisite: placement test or 51.

SLAVLANG 53. Second-Year Russian, Third Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of 52. Proficiency development at the intermediate level, including mMore difficult grammar such as numbers, verb conjugation, and aspect. Vocabulary, speaking skills. Prerequisite: placement test or 52.

SLAVLANG 55. Intermediate Russian Conversation. 2 Units.

May be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: SLAVLANG 3 or equivalent placement.

SLAVLANG 60A. Beginning Russian Conversation. 1 Unit.

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SLAVLANG 60B. Intermediate Russian Conversation. 1 Unit.

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SLAVLANG 60C. Advanced Russian Conversation. 1 Unit.

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SLAVLANG 60E. The Sensuality of Slavic Sustenance. 1 Unit.

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SLAVLANG 60F. Perspectives on Slavic Culture and History through Film. 1 Unit.

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SLAVLANG 60H. Culture and Politics of Russian Athleticism through the lens of Sochi 2014. 1 Unit.

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SLAVLANG 60M. Songs and Poems of Comrades, Cossacks, Gypsies, and Peasants. 1 Unit.

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SLAVLANG 60P. Slav Dom Theme Projects. 1 Unit.

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SLAVLANG 60T. Teaching Slavic Conversation. 1 Unit.

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SLAVLANG 70. Reading in Russian. 2 Units.

The course is designed to develop reading competence in Russian. This is not a traditional language course that takes an integrated four-skill approach. The goal of the course is to reach proficiency of advanced level in reading Russian authentic materials pertinent to history and culture. The emphasis is on vocabulary building, reading comprehension, and translation. nIntermediate level of Russian is required.

SLAVLANG 99. Language Specials. 1-5 Unit.

Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

SLAVLANG 111. Third-Year Russian, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SLAVLANG 53. A snapshot of Russian life. Reading comprehension, conversational competence, grammatical accuracy, and cultural sophistication. Prerequisite: Placement Test or SLAVLANG 53.

SLAVLANG 112. Third-Year Russian, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SLAVLANG 111. A snapshot of Russian life. Reading comprehension, conversational competence, grammatical accuracy, and cultural sophistication. Prerequisite: Placement Test or SLAVLANG 111.

SLAVLANG 113. Third-Year Russian, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SLAVLANG 112. A snapshot of Russian life. Reading comprehension, conversational competence, grammatical accuracy, and cultural sophistication. Prerequisite: Placement Test or SLAVLANG 112.

SLAVLANG 177. Fourth-Year Russian, First Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of SLAVLANG 113. Culture, history, and current events. Films, classical and contemporary writers, newspaper articles, documentaries, radio and TV programs, and music. Review and fine-tuning of grammar and idiomatic usage. Prerequisite: Placement Ttest, SLAVLANG 113.

SLAVLANG 178. Fourth-Year Russian, Second Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of SLAVLANG 177. Culture, history, and current events. Films, classical and contemporary writers, newspaper articles, documentaries, radio and TV programs, and music. Review and fine-tuning of grammar and idiomatic usage. Prerequisite: Placement Test, SLAVLANG 177.

SLAVLANG 179. Fourth-Year Russian, Third Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of SLAVLANG 178. Culture, history, and current events. Films, classical and contemporary writers, newspaper articles, documentaries, radio and TV programs, and music. Review and fine-tuning of grammar and idiomatic usage. Prerequisite: Placement Test, SLAVLANG 178.

SLAVLANG 181. Fifth-Year Russian, First Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of SLAVLANG 179. Language proficiency maintenance; appropriate for majors and non-majors with significant language experience overseas. Discussions, oral presentations, and writing essays on contemporary Russia. Prerequisite: Placement Test, or SLAVLANG 179.

SLAVLANG 182. Fifth-Year Russian, Second Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of SLAVLANG 181. Language proficiency maintenance; appropriate for majors and non-majors with significant language experience overseas. Discussions, oral presentations, and writing essays on contemporary Russia. Prerequisite: Placement Test or SLAVLANG 181.

SLAVLANG 183. Fifth-Year Russian, Third Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of SLAVLANG 182. Language proficiency maintenance; appropriate for majors and non-majors with significant language experience overseas. Discussions, oral presentations, and writing essays on contemporary Russia. Prerequisite: Placement Test or SLAVLANG 182.

SLAVLANG 184A. Russian Reading Conversation and Composition. 2-3 Units.

Proficiency in reading, spoken and written Russian through literary and non-literary texts, movies, and contemporary media. Emphasis is on debate, oral presentations, and essay writing.

SLAVLANG 184B. Russian Advanced Conversation and Composition. 2-3 Units.

Proficiency in spoken and written Russian through literary and non-literary texts, movies, and contemporary media. Emphasis is on debate, oral presentations, and essay writing.

SLAVLANG 184C. Russian Advanced Conversation and Composition. 2-3 Units.

Proficiency in spoken and written Russian through literary and non-literary texts, movies, and contemporary media. Emphasis is on debate, oral presentations, and essay writing.

SLAVLANG 199. Individual Work. 1-5 Unit.

Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

SLAVLANG 220. Russian for Slavic PhD Students. 1-3 Unit.

For DLCL graduate students who will teach Russian language and literature. nCourse objective is to improve spoken Russian on literary and pedagogical topics. Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

SLAVLANG 299. Independent Study. 1-5 Unit.

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SLAVLANG 394. Graduate Studies in Russian Conversation. 1-3 Unit.

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SLAVLANG 395. Graduate Studies in Russian. 1-5 Unit.

Prerequisite: consent of instructor.n (Staff).

Spanish Language Courses

SPANLANG 1. First-Year Spanish, First Quarter. 5 Units.

Emphasis is on developing socially and culturally appropriate proficiency in interpersonal, interpretive, and presentational spheres. Influences shaping the production of oral and written texts in the Spanish- and English-speaking world.

SPANLANG 1A. Accelerated First-Year Spanish, Part 1. 5 Units.

Completes first-year sequence in two rather than three quarters. For students with previous knowledge of Spanish, or those with a strong background in another Romance language. SPANLANG 2A fulfills the University Foreign Language Requirement. Prerequisite: Placement Test.

SPANLANG 1G. Accelerated First-Year Business Spanish, Part 1. 4 Units.

For GSB students only. Limited enrollment.

SPANLANG 2. First-Year Spanish, Second Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of SPANLANG 1. Emphasis is on developing socially and culturally appropriate proficiency in interpersonal, interpretive, and presentational spheres. Influences shaping the production of oral and written texts in the Spanish- and English-speaking world. Prerequisite Placement Test or SPANLANG 1.

SPANLANG 2A. Accelerated First-Year Spanish, Part 2. 5 Units.

Continuation of SPANLANG 1A. Completes first-year sequence in two rather than three quarters. For students with previous knowledge of Spanish, or those with a strong background in another Romance language. Prerequisite: Placement Test or SPANLANG 1A. Fulfills the University language requirement.

SPANLANG 2G. Accelerated First-Year Business Spanish, Part 2. 4 Units.

Continuation of 1G. For GSB students only. Limited enrollment.

SPANLANG 3. First-Year Spanish, Third Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of SPANLANG 2. Emphasis is on developing socially and culturally appropriate proficiency in interpersonal, interpretive, and presentational spheres. Influences shaping the production of oral and written texts in the Spanish- and English-speaking world. Prerequisite: Placement Test or SPANLANG 2. Fulfills the University Foreign Language Requirement.

SPANLANG 3G. Spanish for Business Professionals. 4 Units.

For GSB students only. Limited enrollment.

SPANLANG 5A. Intensive First-Year Spanish, Part A. 5 Units.

Same as SPANLANG 1. Goal is to engage in interactions with Spanish speakers in socially and culturally appropriate forms. Social and cultural influences shaping the production of oral and written texts in the Spanish- and English-speaking world. Only Stanford graduate students restricted to 9 units may register for 205A,B,C.

SPANLANG 5B. Intensive First-Year Spanish, Part B. 5 Units.

Same as SPANLANG 2. Continuation of 5A. Goal is to engage in interactions with Spanish speakers in socially and culturally appropriate forms. Social and cultural influences shaping the production of oral and written texts in the Spanish- and English-speaking world. Only Stanford graduate students restricted to 9 units may register for 205A,B,C. Prerequisite 1 or 5A.

SPANLANG 5C. Intensive First-Year Spanish, Part C. 5 Units.

Same as SPANLANG 3. Continuation of 5B. Continuation of 5A. Goal is to engage in interactions with Spanish speakers in socially and culturally appropriate forms. Social and cultural influences shaping the production of oral and written texts in the Spanish- and English-speaking world. Only Stanford graduate students restricted to 9 units may register for 205A,B,C. Prerequisite 2 or 5B. Fulfills the University Foreign Language Requirement.

SPANLANG 10. Beginning Oral Communication. 2 Units.

Additional pronunciation, vocabulary, and speaking skills. May be repeated once for credit. Prerequisite: one quarter of Spanish, demonstrated oral proficiency above the novice level; may be taken concurrently with SPANLANG 2, SPANLANG 2A 2A, or SPANLANG 3.

SPANLANG 11C. Second-Year Spanish: Cultural Emphasis, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPANLANG 3 or SPANLANG 2A. Sequence integrating culture and language, with emphasis on developing advanced proficiency in oral and written discourse. Targeted functional abilities include presentational and socioculturally appropriate language in formal and informal, academic, and professional contexts. `C' content focuses on societal and cultural components of the Spanish-speaking world. Prerequisite: Placement Test, SPANLANG 3 or SPANLANG 2A.

SPANLANG 11R. Second-Year Spanish: Emphasis on International Relations, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPANLANG 3 or SPANLANG 2A. Sequence integrating geopolitics and language, with emphasis on developing advanced proficiency in oral and written discourse. Targeted functional abilities include presentational and socioculturally appropriate language in formal and informal, academic, and professional contexts. `R' content focuses on international relations and socioeconomics of the Spanish-speaking world. Prerequisite: Placement Test, SPANLANG 2A or SPANLANG 3.

SPANLANG 12C. Second-Year Spanish: Cultural Emphasis, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPANLANG 11C. Sequence integrating culture and language, with emphasis on developing advanced proficiency in oral and written discourse. Targeted functional abilities include presentational and socioculturally appropriate language in formal and informal, academic, and professional contexts. `C' content focuses on societal and cultural components of the Spanish-speaking world. Prerequisite: Placement Test, SPANLANG 11C or 11R.

SPANLANG 12R. Second-Year Spanish: Emphasis on International Relations, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPANLANG 11R. Sequence integrating geopolitics and language, with emphasis on developing advanced proficiency in oral and written discourse. Targeted functional abilities include presentational and socioculturally appropriate language in formal and informal, academic, and professional contexts. `R' content focuses on international relations and socioeconomics of the Spanish-speaking world. Prerequisite: Placement Test, SPANLANG 11R or 11C.

SPANLANG 13C. Second-Year Spanish: Cultural Emphasis, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPANLANG 12C. Sequence integrating culture and language, with emphasis on developing advanced proficiency in oral and written discourse. Targeted functional abilities include presentational and socioculturally appropriate language in formal and informal, academic, and professional contexts. `C' content focuses on societal and cultural components of the Spanish-speaking world. Prerequisite: Placement Test, SPANLANG 12C or 12R. Fulfills the IR major Language Requirement.

SPANLANG 13R. Second-Year Spanish: Emphasis on International Relations, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPANLANG 12R. Sequence integrating geopolitics and language. Emphasis is on advanced proficiency in oral and written discourse including presentational language, international relations, and socioeconomics of the Spanish-speaking world. Prerequisite: SPANLANG 12R. Fulfills the IR major Language Requirement.

SPANLANG 13SL. Second-Year Spanish: Emphasis on Service Learning, Third Quarter. 4-5 Units.

Continuation of SPANLANG 12. Integration of community engagement and language, with emphasis on developing advanced proficiency in oral and written discourse. Targeted functional abilities include presentational and socioculturally appropriate language in formal and informal, community and professional contexts. SL content focuses on immersion in civics-based reciprocity and service learning in the Spanish-speaking local community. Service Learning Course (certified by Haas Center). Prerequisite: Placement Test, SPANLANG 12C, 12R, 12M or 12S. Fulfills the IR major Language Requirement.

SPANLANG 15. Intermediate Oral Communication. 3 Units.

Emphasis is on interaction in Spanish locally and globally. Regional vocabularies and cultures at home and abroad. Interaction with local native Spanish speakers and communities globally via the Internet. May be repeated once for credit. Prerequisite: SPANLANG 2A, SPANLANG 3 and demonstrated oral proficiency above the low intermediate level.

SPANLANG 15S. Intermediate Oral Communication. 3 Units.

Emphasis is on interaction in Spanish locally and globally. Regional vocabularies and cultures at home and abroad. Interaction with local native Spanish speakers and communities globally via the Internet. May be repeated once for credit. Prerequisite: first-year Spanish and demonstrated oral proficiency above the low intermediate level.

SPANLANG 21B. Second-Year Spanish for Heritage Language Students, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Emphasis is on ability to communicate orally and in writing. Spelling and the written accent. Goal is to understand, interpret, and analyze texts, movies, radio, and television. Written language skills include rules for editing written language. Third quarter focus is on the development of written and oral styles and registers used in more formal settings. Prerequisite: Placement Test.

SPANLANG 22B. Second-Year Spanish for Heritage Language Students, Second Quarter. 3-5 Units.

Continuation of SPANLANG 21B. Emphasis is on ability to communicate orally and in writing. Spelling and the written accent. Goal is to understand, interpret, and analyze texts, movies, radio, and television. Written language skills include rules for editing written language. Prerequisite: Placement Test, SPANLANG or 21B.

SPANLANG 23B. Second-Year Spanish for Heritage Language Students, Third Quarter. 3-5 Units.

Continuation of SPANLANG 22B. Emphasis is on ability to communicate orally and in writing. Spelling and the written accent. Goal is to understand, interpret, and analyze texts, movies, radio, and television. Written language skills include rules for editing written language. Third quarter Focus is on the development of written and oral styles and registers used in more formal settings. Prerequisite: Placement Test or SPANLANG 22B.

SPANLANG 25A. Intensive Second-Year Spanish, Part A. 4 Units.

Same as SPANLANG 11. Sequence integrating culture and language. Emphasis is on advanced proficiency in oral and written discourse including presentational language and socioculturally appropriate discourse in formal and informal, academic, and professional contexts. Prerequisite: one year of college Spanish or equivalent.

SPANLANG 25B. Intensive Second-Year Spanish, Part B. 4 Units.

Same as SPANLANG 12. Continuation of 25A. Prerequisite: 25A or equivalent.

SPANLANG 25C. Intensive Second-Year Spanish, Part C. 4 Units.

Same as SPANLANG 13. Continuation of 25B. Prerequisite: 25B or equivalent.

SPANLANG 99. Language Specials. 1-5 Unit.

May be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

SPANLANG 100. Advanced Oral Communication. 3 Units.

For students who have completed second-year Spanish or who have oral skills above the intermediate level. Interactive activities require students to persuade, analyze, support opinions, and gather and interpret others' points of view. Focus is on vocabulary enrichment and idiomatic expressions. Cultural, literary, political, and journalistic readings. May be repeated once for credit. Prerequisite: SPANLANG 13 or equivalent.

SPANLANG 101. The Structure of Spanish. 4 Units.

Criteria and skills to analyze Spanish grammatical structure. Identification of word functions in sentences and texts, types of sentences, and terminology. Structure of nouns, adjectives, and verbs, and their relationship with meaning. The differences between Spanish grammar as a formal system and in everyday life. Prerequisite: SPANLANG 13C, SPANLANG 13R or SPANLANG 23B.

SPANLANG 102. Composition and Writing Workshop. 4 Units.

Individual development of the ability to write in Spanish. Emphasis is on style and diction, and on preparing and writing essays on literary topics. Non-Spanish majors or minors may choose topics more closely related to their studies for projects. Prerequisite: two years of college Spanish or equivalent.

SPANLANG 102B. Composition and Writing Workshop for Heritage Language Students. 3-5 Units.

For students with a good understanding of written accents, spelling, and syntax. Focus is on the craft of writing with emphasis on brainstorming, planning, outlining, drafting, revising, style, diction, and editing. Writing essays on literary topics. Non-Spanish majors or minors may choose topics related to their studies. Prerequisite: 23B or equivalent.

SPANLANG 121M. Spanish for Medical Students. 2-3 Units.

First quarter of three-quarter series. Goal is a practical and culturally appropriate command of spoken Spanish. Emphasis is on taking the medical history. Topics include the human body, hospital procedures, diagnostics, food, and essential doctor-patient phrases when dealing with Spanish-speaking patients. Series can be taken independently, depending on the level of prior knowledge. Offered to undergraduates for 3 units(2 units for medical students).
Same as: HRP 280

SPANLANG 122M. Spanish for Medical Students. 2 Units.

Second quarter of three-quarter series.Goal is a practical and culturally appropriate command of spoken Spanish. Emphasis is on performing a physical examination. Topics include the human body, hospital procedures, diagnostics, food, and essential doctor-patient phrases when dealing with Spanish-speaking patients. Series can be taken independently, depending on the level of prior knowledge. Offered to undergraduates for 3 units(2 units for medical students).
Same as: HRP 281

SPANLANG 123M. Spanish for Medical Students. 2-3 Units.

Third quarter of three-quarter series. Goal is a practical and culturally appropriate command of spoken Spanish. Emphasis is on different specialties and medical conditions. Topics include the human body, hospital procedures, diagnostics, food, and essential doctor-patient phrases when dealing with Spanish-speaking patients. Series can be taken independently, depending on the level of prior knowledge. Offered to undergraduates for 3 units(2 units for medical students).
Same as: HRP 282

SPANLANG 131M. Spanish for Heritage and Foreign Language Pre-Med and Public Health Students. 3-4 Units.

For pre-med or public health students who grew up in homes where Spanish is spoken or for students who possess a considerable command of Spanish. Focus is on developing the ability to provide information on health-related topics to Spanish speakers in the U.S. Students participate in the organization and delivery of information on preventive health care in a workshop setting to a Spanish-speaking community.

SPANLANG 199. Individual Reading. 1-5 Unit.

May be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

SPANLANG 205A. Intensive First-Year Spanish for Stanford Grads, Part A. 3-5 Units.

Equivalent to SPANLANG 1. For Stanford graduate students only. Goal is to engage in interactions with Spanish speakers using socially and culturally appropriate forms. Social and cultural influences shaping the production of oral and written texts in the Spanish- and English-speaking world. Stanford graduate students restricted to 9 units may take 205A,B,C for a total of 9 units or 2 of the courses for a total of 9 units.

SPANLANG 205B. Intensive First-Year Spanish for Stanford Grads, Part B. 3-5 Units.

Equivalent to SPANLANG 2. Continuation of 205A. For Stanford graduate students only. Goal is to engage in interactions with Spanish speakers using socially and culturally appropriate forms. Social and cultural influences shaping the production of oral and written texts in the Spanish- and English-speaking world. Stanford graduate students restricted to 9 units may take 205A,B,C for a total of 9 units or 2 of the courses for a total of 9 units. Prerequisite 205A or equivalent.

SPANLANG 205C. Intensive First-Year Spanish for Stanford Grads, Part C. 3-5 Units.

Equivalent to SPANLANG 3. Continuation of 205B. For Stanford graduate students only. Goal is to engage in interactions with Spanish speakers using socially and culturally appropriate forms. Social and cultural influences shaping the production of oral and written texts in the Spanish- and English-speaking world. Stanford graduate students restricted to 9 units may take 205A,B,C for a total of 9 units or 2 of the courses for a total of 9 units. Prerequisite 205B or equivalent.

SPANLANG 225A. Intensive Second-Year Spanish for Stanford Grads, Part A. 3-4 Units.

Same as SPANLANG 11. For Stanford Graduate students restricted to 9 units. Sequence integrating culture and language. Emphasis is on advanced proficiency in oral and written discourse including presentational language and socioculturally appropriate discourse in formal and informal, academic, and professional contexts. Prerequisite: one year of college Spanish or equivalent.

SPANLANG 225B. Intensive Second-Year Spanish for Stanford Grads, Part B. 3-4 Units.

Same as SPANLANG 12. Continuation of 225A. For Stanford Graduate students restricted to 9 units. Prerequisite 225A or equivalent.

SPANLANG 225C. Intensive Second-Year Spanish for Stanford Grads, Part C. 3-4 Units.

Same as SPANLANG 13. Continuation of 225B. For Stanford Graduate students restricted to 9 units. Prequisite 225B or equivalent.

SPANLANG 250. Reading Spanish. 3 Units.

Reading Spanish - For students who have already taken Spanish for at least one year or have superior reading proficiency in another Romance language. Emphasis is on academic texts. Fulfills University reading requirements for advanced degrees if students earn a grade of 'B.'.

SPANLANG 394. Graduate Studies in Spanish Conversation. 1-3 Unit.

Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

SPANLANG 395. Graduate Studies in Spanish. 1-5 Unit.

Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

Special Language Program Courses

SPECLANG 75. Greek Culture, Ideals, and Themes. 3 Units.

Introduction to Greek culture and its global influence in a social historical context, through images from its past and institutions in contemporary Greek society. Limited enrollment.

SPECLANG 90A. First - Year Estonian First Quarter. 4 Units.

Grammatical structures, vocabulary, and sentence patterns through emphasizing all skills, speaking, reading, writing, and listening. Estonian culture.

SPECLANG 90B. First- Year Estonian- Second quarter. 4 Units.

Grammatical structures, vocabulary, and sentence patterns through emphasizing all skills, speaking, reading, writing, and listening. Estonian culture.

SPECLANG 90C. First Year Estonian- Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Grammatical structures, vocabulary, and sentence patterns through emphasizing all skills, speaking, reading, writing, and listening. Estonian culture.

SPECLANG 99. Language Specials. 2-5 Units.

Prerequisite: Consent of instructor.

SPECLANG 100A. First-Year Cherokee, First Quarter. 4 Units.

First quarter of a three-quarter beginning sequence. Distance learning combined with periodic on-site instruction, conducted primarily in Cherokee. Course emphasizes developing effective communication at a basic level, covering grammatical structures, vocabulary, and sentence patterns through speaking, reading, writing, and listening in everyday situations.nCherokee culture.

SPECLANG 100B. First-Year Cherokee, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Distance learning combined with periodic on-siten instruction, conducted primarily in Cherokee. Course emphasizes developing effective communication at a basic level, covering grammatical structures, vocabulary, and sentence patterns through speaking, reading, writing, and listening in everyday situations.nCherokee culture. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 100A or consent of instructor.

SPECLANG 100C. First-Year Cherokee, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 100B. Distance learning combined with periodic on-site instruction, conducted primarily in Cherokee. Course emphasizes developing effective communication at a basic level, covering grammatical structures, vocabulary, and sentence patterns through speaking, reading, writing, and listening in everyday situations. Cherokee culture. Prerequisite: SPECLANG or consent of instructor. Completion of #C fulfillsn the University Foreign Language Requirement.

SPECLANG 101A. First-Year Nahuatl, First Quarter. 4 Units.

First quarter of a three-quarter beginning sequence. Distance learning combined with periodic on-site instruction, conducted primarily in Nahuatl. Course emphasizes developing effective communication at a basic level, covering grammatical structures, vocabulary, and sentence patterns through speaking, reading, writing, and listening in everyday situations. Nahuatl culture.Some knowledge of Spanish is useful.

SPECLANG 101B. 101B First-Year Nahuatl, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 101A. Distance learning combined with periodic on-site instruction, conducted primarily in Nahuatl. Course emphasizes developing effective communication at a basic level, covering grammatical structures, vocabulary, and sentence patterns through speaking, reading, writing, and listening in everyday situations. Nahuatl culture. Some knowledge of Spanish is useful. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 101A or consent of instructor.

SPECLANG 101C. First-Year Nahuatl, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 101B. Distance learning combined with periodic on-site instruction, conducted primarily in Nahuatl. Course emphasizes developing effective communication at a basic level, covering grammatical structures, vocabulary, and sentence patterns through speaking, reading, writing, and listening in everyday situations. Nahuatl culture. Some knowledge of Spanish is useful. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 101B or consent of instructor. Completion of 101C fulfills the University Foreign Language Requirement.

SPECLANG 106A. Third-Year Albanian, First Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 105C. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 105C.

SPECLANG 106B. Third-Year Albanian, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 106A. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 106A.

SPECLANG 107. Reading Sanskrit. 2-4 Units.

Focus is on readings of Sanskrit passages and Sanskrit epics Ramayana or Mahabharata. Discussions will include English translations of Sanskrit poems. Knowledge of Sanskrit grammar require. May be repeat for credit.

SPECLANG 109A. First-Year Bengali, First Quarter. 5 Units.

Grammatical structures, vocabulary, and sentence patterns through speaking, reading, writing, and listening. Bengali culture.

SPECLANG 109B. First-Year Bengali, Second Quarter. 5 Units.

Grammatical structures, vocabulary, and sentence patterns through speaking, reading, writing, and listening. Bengali culture. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 109A.

SPECLANG 109C. First-Year Bengali, Third Quarter. 5 Units.

Grammatical structures, vocabulary, and sentence patterns through speaking, reading, writing, and listening. Bengali culture. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 109B.

SPECLANG 110A. Second-Year Bengali. 4 Units.

Second Year Bengali is the first course in a three-quarter sequence. The course focuses on developing all four skills as students gain practice in the use of the language in a range of situations, including conversations discussions and presentations. The course is organized thematically, with each lesson integrating elements of Bengali culture, review of relevant grammar concepts, and opportunities to use the language in real-world communication contexts. We use Bengali texts, multimedia products and other materials designed to suit the students¿ interests and proficiency.

SPECLANG 110B. Second-Year Bengali - Second Quarter. 4 Units.

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SPECLANG 110C. Second-Year Bengali - Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Second Year Bengali is the third course in a three-quarter sequence. The course focuses on developing all four skills as students gain practice in the use of the language in a range of situations, including conversations discussions and presentations. The course is organized thematically, with each lesson integrating elements of Bengali culture, review of relevant grammar concepts, and opportunities to use the language in real-world communication contexts. We use Bengali texts, multimedia products and other materials designed to suit the students¿ interests and proficiency.

SPECLANG 129A. First-Year Ukrainian, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Grammatical structures, vocabulary, and sentence patterns through speaking, reading, writing, and listening. Ukrainian culture.

SPECLANG 129B. First-Year Ukrainian, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 129A. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 129A.

SPECLANG 129C. First-Year Ukrainian, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 129B. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 129B.

SPECLANG 130A. Second-Year Ukrainian, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 129C. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 129C. Fulfills the University Foreign Language Requirement.

SPECLANG 130B. Second-Year Intermediate Ukrainian, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 130A. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 130A.

SPECLANG 131A. Third-Year Ukrainian, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 130C. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 130C.

SPECLANG 138A. First-Year Navajo, First Quarter. 4 Units.

First quarter of a three-quarter beginning sequence. Distance learning combined with periodic on-site instruction, conducted primarily in Navajo. Course emphasizes developing effective communication at a basic level, covering grammatical structures, vocabulary, and sentence patterns through speaking, reading, writing, and listening in everyday situations.nNavajo culture.

SPECLANG 138B. First-Year Navajo, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 138A. Distance learning combined with periodic on-site instruction, conducted primarily in Navajo. Course emphasizes developing effective communication at a basic level, covering grammatical structures, vocabulary, and sentence patterns through speaking, reading, writing, and listening in everyday situations.nNavajo culture. Prerequisite: SPECLANG138A or consent of instructor.

SPECLANG 138C. First-Year Navajo, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 138B Distance learning combined with periodic on-site instruction, conducted primarily in Cherokee. Course emphasizes developing effective communication at a basic level, covering grammatical structures, vocabulary, and sentence patterns through speaking, reading, writing, and listening in everyday situations. Navajo culture. Prerequisite: SPECLANG138B or consent of instructor. Completion of #C fulfillsn the University Foreign Language Requirement.

SPECLANG 144A. First-Year Tagalog, First Quarter. 5 Units.

Grammatical structures, vocabulary, and sentence patterns through speaking, reading, writing, and listening. Tagalog culture.

SPECLANG 144B. First-Year Tagalog, Second Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 144A. Prerrequisite: SPECLANG 144A.

SPECLANG 144C. First-Year Tagalog, Third Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 144B. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 144B. Fulfills the University Foreign Language Requirement.

SPECLANG 145A. Second-Year Tagalog, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 144C. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 144C.

SPECLANG 145B. Second-Year Tagalog, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 145A. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 145A.

SPECLANG 145C. Second-Year Tagalog, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANGT 145B. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 145B.

SPECLANG 146A. Third-Year Tagalog, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 145C. Prerequisite SPECLANG 145C or consent of instructor.

SPECLANG 146B. Third-Year Tagalog, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 145A. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 145A.

SPECLANG 146C. Third-Year Tagalog, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 146B. Prerequisite SPECLANG 146B.

SPECLANG 150A. First-Year Vietnamese, First Quarter. 5 Units.

Grammatical structures, vocabulary, and sentence patterns through speaking, reading, writing, and listening. Vietnamese culture.

SPECLANG 150B. First-Year Vietnamese, Second Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 150A. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 150A.

SPECLANG 150C. First-Year Vietnamese, Third Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 150B. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 150B. Fulfills the University Foreign Language Requirement.

SPECLANG 151A. Second-Year Vietnamese, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG150C. Prerequisite: SPECLANGT 150C.

SPECLANG 151B. Second-Year Vietnamese, Second quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 151A. Prerequisite SPECLANG 151A.

SPECLANG 151C. Second-Year Vietnamese, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 151B. Prerequisite SPECLANG 151B.

SPECLANG 152A. First-Year Hindi, First Quarter. 5 Units.

Grammatical structures, vocabulary, and sentence patterns through speaking, reading, writing, and listening. Hindi culture.

SPECLANG 152B. First-Year Hindi, Second Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 152A. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 152A.

SPECLANG 152C. First-Year Hindi, Third Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 152B. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 152B. Fulfills the University language requirement.

SPECLANG 152H. Heritage Hindi. 5 Units.

This course is meant for students who have had some familiarity with the Hindi language, and who can, understand and speak Hindi with limited comprehension and proficiency. They may, or may not be familiar with the Devanagari (Hindi) Script. It will cover basic grammar of modern standard Hindi. As part of this course, students will learn popular Hindi songs, watch films and video clips, and become familiar with Indian culture. With material especially designed for this course, one has plenty of opportunity to play with and explore the language and its parent culture. This course is geared towards increasing oral, aural, written and reading proficiency in the target language. Emphasis is placed on spontaneous self-expression in the language. By the end of year, students will be able to interpret and create the language in speech as well as writing in a variety of communication contexts.

SPECLANG 153A. Second-Year Hindi, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 152C. Second-year sequence integrating culture and language with emphasis on developing oral and written discourse. Course aims to pose and probe questions of national identity, gender, masculinity, women's roles, caste and class, and politics as manifested in Hindi films. Coursework includes essay writing, attendance at required weekly film screenings as well as a final project. Students will examine Indian culture as represented in South Asian cinema and learn to articulate new ways of approaching Bollywood movies while enhancing their Hindi language proficiency.Continuation of SPECLANG 152C. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 152C.

SPECLANG 153B. Second-Year Hindi, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 153A. Prerequisite: SPECLANGT 153A.

SPECLANG 153C. Second-Year Hindi, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 153B. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 153B.

SPECLANG 154A. Third-Year Hindi, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 153C. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 153C.

SPECLANG 154B. Third-Year Hindi, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 154A. Prerequisite: SPELANG 154A.

SPECLANG 154C. Third-Year Hindi, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 154B. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 154B.

SPECLANG 156A. First-Year Indonesian, First Quarter. 5 Units.

Grammatical structures, vocabulary, and sentence patterns through speaking, reading, writing, and listening. Indonesian culture.

SPECLANG 156B. First-Year Indonesian, Second Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 156A. Prerequisiste; SPECLANG 156A.

SPECLANG 156C. First-Year Indonesian, Third Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 156B. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 156B.

SPECLANG 157A. Second-Year Indonesian, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 156C. Prerequisite: SPELANG 156C. Fulfills the University language requirement.

SPECLANG 157B. Second-Year Indonesian, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 157A. Prerequisite; SPECLANG 157A.

SPECLANG 157C. Second-Year Indonesian, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 157B. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 157B.

SPECLANG 158A. Third-Year Indonesian, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 157C. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 157C.

SPECLANG 162A. Beginning Tamil, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Grammatical structures, vocabulary, and sentence patterns through speaking, reading, writing, and listening. Tamil culture.

SPECLANG 162B. Beginning Tamil, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Grammatical structures, vocabulary, and sentence patterns through speaking, reading, writing, and listening. Tamil culture.

SPECLANG 162C. Beginning Tamil, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Grammatical structures, vocabulary, and sentence patterns through speaking, reading, writing, and listening. Tamil culture.

SPECLANG 164A. First-Year Czech, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Grammatical structures, vocabulary, and sentence patterns through speaking, reading, writing, and listening. Czech culture.

SPECLANG 164B. First-Year Czech, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 164A. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 164A .

SPECLANG 164C. First-Year Czech, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 164B. Prerequisite; SPECLANG 164B.

SPECLANG 165A. Second-Year Czech, First Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 164C. Prerequisite; SPECLANG 164C. Fulfills the University language requirement.

SPECLANG 165C. Second-Year Czech, Third Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 165B. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 165B.

SPECLANG 167A. First-Year Polish, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Grammatical structures, vocabulary, and sentence patterns through speaking, reading, writing, and listening. Polish culture.

SPECLANG 167B. First-Year Polish, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 167A. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 167A.

SPECLANG 167C. First-Year Polish, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 167B. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 167B.

SPECLANG 168A. Second-Year Polish, First Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 167C. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 167C. Fulfills the University language requirement.

SPECLANG 168B. Second-Year Polish, Second Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 168A. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 168A.

SPECLANG 168C. Second-Year Polish, Third Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 168B. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 168B.

SPECLANG 169A. Third-Year Polish, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 168C. Prerequisite: SPELANG 168C.

SPECLANG 169B. Third-Year Polish, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 169A. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 169A.

SPECLANG 170A. First-Year Modern Greek, First Quarter. 5 Units.

Grammatical structures, vocabulary, and sentence patterns through speaking, reading, writing, and listening. Greek culture.

SPECLANG 170B. First-Year Modern Greek, Second Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 170A. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 170A.

SPECLANG 170C. First-Year Modern Greek, Third Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 170B. Emphasis on speaking, reading, writing and listening. Student-centered, interactive approach focuses on mastering the basic grammar structures and basic vocabulary through a multimodal approach. Introduction to the Greek culture. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 170B. Fulfills the University language requirement.

SPECLANG 171A. Second-Year Modern Greek, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 170C. Grammar structures and vocabulary through authentic materials. Cultural proficiency. Prerequisite; SPECLANG 170C.

SPECLANG 171B. Second-Year Modern Greek, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 171A. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 171A.

SPECLANG 171C. Second-Year Modern Greek, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 171B. Prerequsite: SPECLANG 171B.

SPECLANG 172A. Modern Greek Language and Culture through Literature and Film, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Accelerated. Vocabulary enrichment through multimedia, online materials.

SPECLANG 172B. Modern Greek Language and Culture through Literature and Film, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of 172A.

SPECLANG 172C. Modern Greek Language and Culture through Literature and Film, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Accelerated. Vocabulary enrichment through multimedia, online materials.

SPECLANG 173A. First-Year Hungarian, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Grammatical structures, vocabulary, and sentence patterns through speaking, reading, writing, and listening. Hungarian culture.

SPECLANG 173B. First-Year Hungarian, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 173A. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 173A.

SPECLANG 173C. First-Year Hungarian, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 173B. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 173B.

SPECLANG 174A. First-Year Quechua, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Grammatical structures, vocabulary, and sentence patterns through speaking, reading, writing, and listening. Quechua culture.

SPECLANG 174B. First-Year Quechua, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 174A. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 174A.

SPECLANG 174C. First-Year Quechua, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 174B. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 174B.

SPECLANG 175A. Second-Year Quechua, First Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 174C. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 174C. Fulfills the University Foreign Language Requirement.

SPECLANG 175B. Second-Year Quechua, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 175A. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 175A.

SPECLANG 175C. Second-Year Quechua, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 175B. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 175B.

SPECLANG 176A. First-Year Thai, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Grammatical structures, vocabulary, and sentence patterns through speaking, reading, writing, and listening. Thai culture.

SPECLANG 176B. First-Year Thai, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 176A. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 176A.

SPECLANG 176C. First-Year Thai, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 176B. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 176B.

SPECLANG 177A. Second-Year Thai, First Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 176C. Prerequisite; SPECLANG 176 C. Fulfills the University Foreign Language Requirement.

SPECLANG 177B. Second-Year Thai, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 177A. Prerequisite; SPECLANG 177A.

SPECLANG 177C. Second-Year Thai, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 177B. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 177B.

SPECLANG 178A. First-Year Sign Language, First Quarter. 5 Units.

Comprehension and production skills; cultural awareness necessary for communication. Limited enrollment.

SPECLANG 178B. First-Year Sign Language, Second Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 178A. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 178A.

SPECLANG 178C. First-Year Sign Language, Third Quarter. 5 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 178B. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 178B. Fulfills the University language requirement.

SPECLANG 179A. Second-Year Sign Language, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 178C. Additional functional structures, lexical items, and history. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 178B. Limited enrollment.

SPECLANG 179B. Second-Year Sign Language, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 179A. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 179A. Limited enrollment.

SPECLANG 179C. Second-Year Sign Language, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 179B. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 179B. Limited enrollment.

SPECLANG 182A. Second-Year Hungarian, First Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 173C. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 173C. Fulfills the University Foreign Language Requirement.

SPECLANG 182B. Second-Year Hungarian, Second Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 182A. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 182A.

SPECLANG 182C. Second-Year Hungarian, Third Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 182B. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 182B.

SPECLANG 183. BEGINNING SANSKRIT. 4 Units.

Full class in the script, grammar, and vocabulary of the Sanskrit language of ancient India. Also included will be some readings from the Bhagavad Gita. No previous knowledge of Sanskrit required.

SPECLANG 183A. First-Year Sanskrit, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Full class in the script, grammar, and vocabulary of the Sanskrit language of ancient India. Also included will be some readings from the Bhagavad Gita. No previous knowledge of Sanskrit required.

SPECLANG 183B. First-Year Sanskrit, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 183A. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 183A.

SPECLANG 184A. Second-Year Sanskrit, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 183C. Readings from the Sanskrit epics Ramayana or Mahabharata. Knowledge of Sanskrit grammar required. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 183C.

SPECLANG 184B. Second-Year Sanskrit, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 184A. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 184A.

SPECLANG 184C. Second-Year Sanskrit, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 184B. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 184B.

SPECLANG 186. Introduction to Serbo-Croatian. 1-2 Unit.

Description: This introductory course focuses on the acquisition of fundamental communication skills. Students learn to understand and carry on simple conversations on daily life topics such as work, personal interests, family, and friends, and also to conduct simple transactions related to traveling, studying or working in the region.

SPECLANG 186A. First-Year Serbo-Croatian, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Grammatical structures, vocabulary, and sentence patterns through speaking, reading, writing, and listening. Serb and Croat culture.

SPECLANG 186B. First-Year Serbo-Croatian, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 186A. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 186A.

SPECLANG 189A. First-Year Hawaiian, First Quarter. 4 Units.

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SPECLANG 189B. First-Year Beginning Hawaiian, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 189A. Prerequisite: SPAECLANG 189A.

SPECLANG 189C. First-Year Hawaiian, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 189B. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 189B. Fulfills the University Foreign Language Requirement.

SPECLANG 192A. First-Year Kazakh, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Grammatical structures, vocabulary, and sentence patterns through speaking, reading, writing, and listening. Kazakh culture.

SPECLANG 192B. First-Year Kazakh, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 192A. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 192A.

SPECLANG 192C. First-Year Kazakh, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 192B. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 192B.

SPECLANG 193A. Second-Year Kazakh, First Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 192C. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 192C. Fulfills the University language requirement.

SPECLANG 193B. Second-Year Kazakh, Second Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 193A. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 193A.

SPECLANG 193C. Second-Year Kazakh, Third Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 193B. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 193B.

SPECLANG 198Q. Modern Greece in Film and Literature. 3-5 Units.

Preference to sophomores. Cultural and literary highlights. Filmmakers include Kakoyannis, Dassen, Boulmetis, Angelopoulos, and Scorsese; readings from Eugenides, Gage, Kavafis, Kazantzakis, Samarakis, Seferis, and Elytis.

SPECLANG 202. Introduction to Gandhari. 1-3 Unit.

Grammar and readings of Gandhari, a middle-Indic language from Afghanistan. Mostly we will read these newly published early Buddhist texts in Roman script, but will also read from photographs of the original birch-bark fragments in their Kharosthi script. Knowledge of Sanskrit and Pali expected, but not required.

SPECLANG 215A. Modern Greek for Heritage Language Learners, First Quarter. 2-4 Units.

For students of Greek background. Sources include authentic texts, multimedia materials, and Greek media.

SPECLANG 215B. Modern Greek for Heritage Language Learners, Second Quarter. 2-4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 215A. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 215A.

SPECLANG 215C. Modern Greek for Heritage Language Learners, Third Quarter. 2-4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 215B. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 215A.

SPECLANG 218A. Beginning Urdu, First Quarter. 5 Units.

First Year Urdu will introduce students to the Urdu alphabet (Nastaliq script); to pronunciation and intonation; to basic conversation patterns; and to the elements of spelling, reading, and writing in Urdu. It will cover basic grammar of modern standard Urdu. As part of this course, students will learn popular Urdu songs, watch films and video clips, and become familiar with culture of Urdu speaking people. They will also have exciting opportunities to make their own audio and video recordings to improve their pronunciation, work with Web-based and multi-media materials, and to go on one or more field trips. By the end of year, students will have acquired a basic vocabulary of 800-1000 words, and will be able to generate and interpret several types of simple sentences in simple conversation as well as write in a variety of communication contexts.

SPECLANG 218B. Beginning Urdu, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Grammatical structures, vocabulary, and sentence patterns through speaking, reading, writing, and listening. Urdu culture.

SPECLANG 219A. Intermediate Urdu, First Quarter. 4 Units.

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SPECLANG 219B. Intermediate Urdu, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

(Staff).

SPECLANG 224A. Third-Year Vietnamese, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 151C. Grammar structures and vocabulary through authentic materials. Cultural proficiency. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 151C or consent of instructor.

SPECLANG 224B. Third-Year Vietnamese, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 224A. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 224A or consent of instructor.

SPECLANG 224C. Third-Year Vietnamese, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 224B. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 224B pr consent of instructor.

SPECLANG 229A. Beginning Pashto, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Grammatical structures, vocabulary, and sentence patterns through speaking, reading, writing, and listening. Pashto culture.

SPECLANG 229B. Beginning Pashto, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Grammatical structures, vocabulary, and sentence patterns through speaking, reading, writing, and listening. Pashto culture.

SPECLANG 239A. Second-Year Uzbek, First Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 238C. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 228C or consent of instructor. Fulfills the University Foreign Language Requirement.

SPECLANG 239B. Second-Year Uzbek, Second Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 239A. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 239A or consent of instructor.

SPECLANG 239C. Second-Year Uzbek, Third Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 239B. Prereauisite: SPECLANG 239B or consent of instructor.

SPECLANG 240A. Third-Year Uzbek, First quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 239C. Prerequisite; SPECLANG 239C or consent of instructor.

SPECLANG 247A. First-Year Lakota, First Quarter. 4 Units.

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SPECLANG 247B. First-Year Lakota, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 247A. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 247A or consent of instructor.

SPECLANG 247C. First-Year Lakota, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 247B. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 247B or consent of instructor. Fulfills the University Foreign Language Requirement.

SPECLANG 248. Introduction to Siouan Language & Culture II. 5 Units.

Continuation of the Introduction to Siouan Language & Culture I. This course will take a more focused approach on one cultural aspect of Dakota/Nakota/Lakota culture through the analysis of Dakota/Nakota/Lakota words in the lyrics of songs sung in the Sundance as a focus of study in the continuing use of language in the Dakota/Nakota/Lakota culture.".

SPECLANG 248A. Second-Year Lakota, First Quarter. 4 Units.

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SPECLANG 248B. Second-Year Lakota. 4 Units.

prerequisite- SPECLANG 248A.

SPECLANG 248C. Second-Year Lakota, third Quarter. 4 Units.

Prerequisite- must have completed 248B.

SPECLANG 250A. First-Year Romanian, First Quarter. 4 Units.

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SPECLANG 250B. First-Year Romanian, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 250A. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 250A or consent of instructor.

SPECLANG 250C. First-Year Romanian, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 250B. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 250B or consent of instructor.

SPECLANG 251A. Second-Year Romanian, First Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 250C. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 250C or consent of instructor. Fulfills the University Foreign Language Requirement.

SPECLANG 251B. Second-Year Romanian, Second Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 251A. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 251A or consent of instructor.

SPECLANG 251C. Second-Year Romanian, Third Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANTG 251B. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 251B or consent of instructor.

SPECLANG 254C. Third-Year Hungarian, Third Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 254B. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 254B or consent of instructor.

SPECLANG 255A. Fourth-Year Albanian, 1st quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 106C.

SPECLANG 255B. Fourth-Year Albanian, 2nd quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 255A.

SPECLANG 255C. Fourth-Year Albanian, 3rd Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of 255B.

SPECLANG 260A. Third-Year Modern Greek, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 171C. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 171C or consent of instructor.

SPECLANG 260B. Third-Year Modern Greek, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 260A. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 260A or consent of instructor.

SPECLANG 260C. Third-Year Modern Greek, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 260B. Prerequisite: SPECLANG 260B or consent of instructor.

SPECLANG 264A. Advanced Czech Conversation, First Quarter. 1-4 Unit.

Repeatable once for credit.

SPECLANG 265A. Third-Year Hungarian, First Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 182C. Prerequisite completion of SPECLANG 182C or consent of instructor.

SPECLANG 265B. Third-Year Hungarian, Second Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 265A. Prerequisite completion of SPECLANG 265A or consent of instructor.

SPECLANG 265C. Third-Year Hungarian, Third Quarter. 3 Units.

Continuation of SPECLANG 265B. Prerequisite completion of SPECLANG 265B or consent of instructor.

SPECLANG 297. Directed Reading. 1-5 Unit.

Prerequisite: consent of instructor.- For Grad students only.

SPECLANG 395. Graduate Studies in Special Language. 1-5 Unit.

Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

Tibetan Language Courses

TIBETLNG 1. First-Year Tibetan, First Quarter. 4 Units.

Grammar, reading, and composition. Tibetan culture and the Tibetan view of reality.

TIBETLNG 2. First Year Tibetan, Second Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of 1.

TIBETLNG 3. First Year Tibetan, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of 2. Fulfills the University Foreign Language Requirement.

TIBETLNG 11. Intermediate Tibetan, First-Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of 3.

TIBETLNG 13. Intermediate Tibetan, Third-Quarter. 4 Units.

Continuation of 12.

TIBETLNG 21. Intermediate/Advanced Tibetan, First Quarter. 4 Units.

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TIBETLNG 23. Intermediate/Advance Tibetan, Third Quarter. 4 Units.

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TIBETLNG 199. Individual Work. 1-5 Unit.

May be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

TIBETLNG 395. Graduate Studies in Tibetan. 1-5 Unit.

May be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: consent of instructor.