(a) Neural control paradigm. Broadband neural signals are recorded from an implanted microelectrode array. Signal conditioning extracts neural features, multi-unit spike counts and high-frequency local field potential power (HF-LFP), which are decoded to estimate intended cursor velocity. (b) “Radial-8” cursor trajectories: (top) mean trajectories of fifteen randomly selected trials per target and (bottom) ten randomly selected example trajectories per target. (c) Target acquisition time (mean ± 95% bootstrap confidence intervals) for “Radial-8” (S3: 278 trials, T6: 665 trials, T7: 358 trials). T6 and T7 acquisition times are significantly lower than S3 acquisition times (p < 10-100, unpaired t-test). (d) “mFitts1” performance summary (S3: 248 trials, T6: 1072 trials, T7: 241 trials): index of difficulty was binned at 0.5 bit intervals and mean target acquisition times (mean ± 95% confidence intervals) were calculated. (e) Slope and (f) intercept for linear regression of index of difficulty vs. acquire time for “mFitts1” (95% bootstrap confidence intervals). T6 and T7 acquisition times are significantly lower than S3 acquisition times (p < 1×10-5, analysis of covariance). T6 and T7 acquisition time includes the 500 dwell time used by these participants to select targets. Sessions shown are 224-256 and 349-387 days post-implantation for T6 and T7, respectively (T6 achieved comparable performance when tested 628, 791, and 798 days post-implantation ()). S3 data in panels b-e re-plotted with permission from . Values plotted in this figure are summarized in .