Buraq

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Please expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in the Persian Wikipedia. (December 2009) After translating, {{Translated|fa|براق}} must be added to the talk page to ensure copyright compliance. Translation instructions · Translate via Google

Al-Burāq (Arabic: البُراق‎ al-Burāq "lightning") is a mythological steed, described as a creature from the heavens which transported the prophets. The most commonly told story is how in the 7th century, the Buraq carried the Islamic prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Jerusalem and back during the Isra and Mi'raj or "Night Journey", which is the title of one of the chapters (sura), Al-Isra, of the Qur'an.

[edit] Description

A Burag seen on an reproduction of a 17th century Indian Mughal miniature.

An excerpt from a translation of Sahih al-Bukhari describes a buraq:

I was brought by the Buraq, which is an animal white and long, larger than a donkey but smaller than a mule, who would place its hoof at a distance equal to the range of vision.^[1]

Another description of the Buraq:

Then he [Gabriel] brought the Buraq, handsome-faced and bridled, a tall, white beast, bigger than the donkey but smaller than the mule. He could place his hooves at the farthest boundary of his gaze. He had long ears. Whenever he faced a mountain his hind legs would extend, and whenever he went downhill his front legs would extend. He had two wings on his thighs which lent strength to his legs.

He bucked when Muhammad came to mount him. The angel Jibril (Gabriel) put his hand on his mane and said: "Are you not ashamed, O Buraq? By Allah, no-one has ridden you in all creation more dear to Allah than he is." Hearing this he was so ashamed that he sweated until he became soaked, and he stood still so that the Prophet mounted him.^[2]

[edit] The journey to the Seventh Heaven

According to Islam, the Night Journey took place 12 years after Muhammad became a prophet, during the 7th century. Muhammad had been in his home city of Mecca, at his cousin's home (the house of Ummu Hani' binti Abu Thalib) in Isha'a prayer. Afterwards, Muhammad went to the Masjid al-Haram. While he was resting at the Kaaba, the angel Jibril (Gabriel) appeared to him followed by the Buraq. Muhammad mounted the beast, and in the company of Gabriel, they traveled to the "farthest mosque". The location of this mosque was not explicitly stated, but is generally accepted to mean Al-Aqsa Mosque (Temple Mount) in Jerusalem. At this location, Muhammad dismounted from the Buraq, prayed, and then once again mounted the Buraq and was taken to the various heavens, to meet first the earlier prophets and then God. Muhammad was instructed to tell his followers that they were to offer prayers 50 times per day. However, at the urging of Moses (Musa), Muhammad returns to God and it was eventually reduced to 10 times, and then 5 times per day as this was the destiny of Muhammad and his people. The Buraq then transported Muhammad back to Mecca.^[3]

In the Quran's sura, Muhammad's mystic travel to the Heavens is quoted as:

Glory to (Allah) Who did take His servant for a Journey by night from the Sacred Mosque to the farthest Mosque, whose precincts We did bless,- in order that We might show him some of Our Signs: for He is the One Who heareth and seeth (all things).

—Sura, Al-Isra 17:1 ^{(Translated by Yusuf Ali)}

All the other details were filled in from the supplemental writings, the hadith.

[edit] Abraham

The Buraq was also said to transport Abraham (Ibrahim) when he visited his wife Hagar and son Ishmael. According to tradition, Abraham lived with one wife in Syria, but the Buraq would transport him in the morning to Mecca to see his family there, and take him back in the evening to his Syrian wife.^[4]

[edit] Western Wall

In the 1920s, part of the Western Wall, which the Jews claim to be the only remaining part of the Second Temple in the Old City of Jerusalem, began being referred to as the Al-Buraq Wall. It had that name because it was said that Muhammad had tied the Buraq to that wall during the Night Journey.^[5][6]

[edit] Cultural impact

• In Turkey, Burak is a common name given to male children. Burak is also a surname in Bosnia and Turkey.
• Two airlines have been named after the Buraq: Buraq Air of Libya, and the former Bouraq Indonesia Airlines of Indonesia (closed in 2006).

[edit] See also

• Pegasus
• Rakhsh

[edit] Notes

[edit] External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Buraq

• Complete report from the Sahih Bukhari, which includes a quotation similar to the above.
• Contemporary photo of a Pakistani truck decorated with a picture of the buraq.
• see legendary flight of Muhammad on Burak