Mail Code: 2125
Phone: (650) 725-6284
Web Site: http://math.stanford.edu
Courses offered by the Department of Mathematics are listed under the subject code MATH on the Stanford Bulletin's ExploreCourses web site.
The Department of Mathematics offers programs leading to the degrees of Bachelor of Science, Master of Science, and Doctor of Philosophy in Mathematics, and also participates in the program leading to the B.S. in Mathematical and Computational Science, and the M.S. and Ph.D. degree programs offered through the Institute for Computational & Mathematical Engineering.
Mission of the Undergraduate Program in Mathematics
The mission of the undergraduate program in Mathematics is to provide students with a broad understanding of mathematics encompassing logical reasoning, generalization, abstraction, and formal proof. Courses in the program teach students to create, analyze, and interpret mathematical models and to communicate sound arguments based on mathematical reasoning and careful data analysis. The mathematics degree prepares students for careers in the corporate sector and government agencies, and for graduate programs in mathematics.
Learning Outcomes (Undergraduate)
The department expects undergraduate majors in the program to be able to demonstrate the following learning outcomes. These learning outcomes are used in evaluating students and the department's undergraduate program. Students are expected to demonstrate:
- problem solving skills,
- the ability to formulate proofs and to structure mathematical arguments,
- the ability to communicate mathematical ideas via extended written presentation.
Advanced Placement in Mathematics for Freshmen
Students with strong ability in mathematics often take one or more semesters of college-equivalent courses in mathematics while they are still in high school. Under certain circumstances, it is possible for such students to secure both advanced placement and credit toward the bachelor's degree. A decision as to placement and credit is made by the department after consideration of the student's performance on the Advanced Placement Examination in Mathematics (forms AB or BC) of the College Entrance Examination Board, and also after consideration of transfer credit in mathematics from other colleges and universities.
The department does not give its own advanced placement examination. Students can receive either 5 or 10 units of advanced placement credit, depending on their scores on the CEEB Advanced Placement Examination or the IB Exam. Entering students who have credit for two quarters of single variable calculus (10 units) are encouraged to enroll in:
| Units | ||
|---|---|---|
| Select one of the following series: | ||
Standard Series | ||
| MATH 51 | Linear Algebra and Differential Calculus of Several Variables | 5 |
| MATH 52 | Integral Calculus of Several Variables | 5 |
| MATH 53 | Ordinary Differential Equations with Linear Algebra | 5 |
Honors Series | ||
| MATH 51H | Honors Multivariable Mathematics | 5 |
| MATH 52H | Honors Multivariable Mathematics | 5 |
| MATH 53H | Honors Multivariable Mathematics | 5 |
These three-course sequences, which can be completed during the freshman year, supply the necessary mathematics background for most majors in science and engineering. They also serve as excellent background for the major or minor in Mathematics, or in Mathematical and Computational Science.
Students who have credit for one quarter of single variable calculus (5 units) should take:
| Units | ||
|---|---|---|
| MATH 42 | Calculus (Autumn Quarter) | 5 |
| MATH 51 | Linear Algebra and Differential Calculus of Several Variables (Winter Quarter) | 5 |
| Options available in Spring Quarter include: | ||
| MATH 52 | Integral Calculus of Several Variables | 5 |
| or MATH 53 | Ordinary Differential Equations with Linear Algebra | |
For proper placement, contact the Department of Mathematics.
Bachelor of Science in Mathematical and Computational Science
The Department of Mathematics participates with the departments of Computer Science, Management Science and Engineering, and Statistics in a program leading to a B.S. in Mathematical and Computational Science. See the "Mathematical and Computational Science" section of this bulletin.
Introductory and Undergraduate Courses
The department offers two sequences of introductory courses in single variable calculus.
- MATH 41and MATH 42 present single-variable calculus at a fast pace. Differential calculus is covered in the first quarter, integral calculus in the second.
- MATH 19, MATH 20, and MATH 21 cover the material in MATH 41, MATH 42 in three quarters instead of two.
There are options for studying multivariable mathematics:
- MATH 51 Linear Algebra and Differential Calculus of Several Variables, MATH 52 Integral Calculus of Several Variables, and MATH 53 Ordinary Differential Equations with Linear Algebra cover differential and integral calculus in several variables, linear algebra, and ordinary differential equations. These topics are taught in an integrated fashion and emphasize applications. MATH 51 covers differential calculus in several variables and introduces matrix theory and linear algebra; MATH 52 covers integral calculus in several variables and vector analysis; MATH 53 studies further topics in linear algebra and applies them to the study of ordinary differential equations. This sequence is strongly recommended for incoming freshmen with 10 units of advanced placement credit.
- MATH 51H Honors Multivariable Mathematics, MATH 52H Honors Multivariable Mathematics, and MATH 53H Honors Multivariable Mathematics cover the same material as MATH 51, MATH 52, MATH 53, and much more with more emphasis on theory and rigor.
The department offers three classes on linear algebra:
| Units | ||
|---|---|---|
| MATH 51 | Linear Algebra and Differential Calculus of Several Variables | 5 |
| or MATH 51H | Honors Multivariable Mathematics | |
| MATH 104 | Applied Matrix Theory | 3 |
| MATH 113 | Linear Algebra and Matrix Theory | 3 |
Learning Outcomes (Graduate)
The Master's Degree is conferred upon candidates who have developed advanced knowledge and skills in Mathematics. This is achieved through completion of courses, in the primary field as well as related areas, and experience with independent work and specialization.
The Ph.D. is conferred upon candidates who have demonstrated substantial scholarship and the ability to conduct independent research and analysis in Mathematics. Through completion of advanced coursework and rigorous skills training, the doctoral program prepares students to make original contributions to the knowledge of Mathematics and to interpret and present the results of such research.
Bachelor of Science in Mathematics
The following department requirements are in addition to the University's basic requirements for the bachelor's degree:
Students wishing to major in Mathematics must satisfy the following requirements:
- Department of Mathematics courses totaling at least 49 units credit; such courses must be taken for a letter grade. For the purposes of this requirement, STATS 116 Theory of Probability, PHIL 151 Metalogic, and PHIL 152 Computability and Logic count as Department of Mathematics courses.
- Additional courses taken from Department of Mathematics courses numbered 101 and above or from approved courses in other disciplines with significant mathematical content, totaling at least 15 units credit. At least 9 of these units must be taken for a letter grade.
- A Department of Mathematics adviser must be selected, and the courses selected under items '1' and '2' above must be approved by the department's director of undergraduate studies, acting under guidelines laid down by the department's Committee for Undergraduate Affairs. The Department of Mathematics adviser can be any member of the department's faculty.
- To receive the department's recommendation for graduation, a student must have been enrolled as a major in the Department of Mathematics for a minimum of two full quarters, including the quarter immediately before graduation.
Students are normally expected to complete either the sequence MATH 19 Calculus, MATH 20 Calculus, MATH 21 Calculus or the sequence MATH 41 Calculus, MATH 42 Calculus (but not both). Students with an Advanced Placement score of at least 4 in BC math or 5 in AB math may receive 10 units credit and fulfill requirement '1' by taking at least 39 units of Department of Mathematics courses numbered 51 and above. Students with an Advanced Placement score of at least 3 in BC math or at least 4 in AB math may receive 5 units credit and fulfill requirement '1' by taking at least 44 units of Department of Mathematics courses numbered 42 and above.
Sophomore seminar courses may be counted among the choice of courses under item '1'. Other variations of the course requirements laid down above (under items '1' and '2') may, in some circumstances, be allowed. For example, students transferring from other universities may be allowed credit for some courses completed before their arrival at Stanford. However, at least 24 units of the 49 units under item '1' above and 9 of the units under item '2' above must be taken at Stanford. In all cases, approval for variations in the degree requirements must be obtained from the department's Committee for Undergraduate Affairs. Application for such approval should be made through the department's director of undergraduate studies. The policy of the Mathematics Department is that no courses other than the MATH 50 series and below may be double-counted toward any other University major or minor.
It is to be emphasized that the above regulations are minimum requirements for the major; students contemplating graduate work in mathematics are strongly encouraged to include the courses MATH 116 Complex Analysis, MATH 120 Groups and Rings, MATH 121 Galois Theory, MATH 147 Differential Topology or MATH 148 Algebraic Topology, and MATH 171 Fundamental Concepts of Analysis in their selection of courses, and in addition, take at least three Department of Mathematics courses over and above the minimum requirements laid out under items '1' and '2' above, including at least one 200-level course. Such students are also encouraged to consider the possibility of taking the honors program, discussed below.
To help develop a sense of the type of course selection (under items '1' and '2' above) that would be recommended for math majors with various backgrounds and interests, see the following examples. These represent only a few of a very large number of possible combinations of courses that could be taken in fulfillment of the Mathematics major requirements:
Example 1
A general program (a balanced program of both pure and applied components, without any particular emphasis on any one field of mathematics or applications) as follows:
| Units | ||
|---|---|---|
| Select one of the following series or Advanced Placement credit (see the Overview tab for details): | 10 | |
| Calculus and Calculus and Calculus | ||
| Calculus and Calculus | ||
| Math 50 Series: | 15 | |
| Linear Algebra and Differential Calculus of Several Variables and Integral Calculus of Several Variables and Ordinary Differential Equations with Linear Algebra | ||
| MATH 104 | Applied Matrix Theory | 3 |
| or MATH 113 | Linear Algebra and Matrix Theory | |
| MATH 106 | Functions of a Complex Variable | 3 |
| MATH 109 | Applied Group Theory | 3 |
| MATH 110 | Applied Number Theory and Field Theory | 3 |
| MATH 115 | Functions of a Real Variable | 3 |
| Plus any selection of at least eight of the following courses, including three Department of Mathematics courses: | 24 | |
| Introduction to Combinatorics and Its Applications | ||
| Partial Differential Equations I | ||
| Partial Differential Equations II | ||
| Differential Geometry | ||
| Analysis on Manifolds | ||
| Differential Topology | ||
| Algebraic Topology | ||
| Elementary Theory of Numbers | ||
| Set Theory | ||
| Introduction to Scientific Computing | ||
| Economic Analysis I | ||
| Mechanics | ||
| Electricity and Magnetism | ||
| Light and Heat | ||
| Theory of Probability | ||
| Total Units | 64 | |
The courses from other departments are only meant as examples; there are many suitable courses in several departments that can be taken to fulfill part or all of requirement '2'.
Example 2
A theoretical program recommended for those contemplating possible later graduate work providing an introduction to the main areas of mathematics both broader and deeper than the general program outlined above:
| Units | ||
|---|---|---|
| Select one of the following series or Advanced Placement credit (see the Overview tab for details): | 10 | |
| Calculus and Calculus and Calculus | ||
| Calculus and Calculus | ||
| Math 50 Series: | 15 | |
| Linear Algebra and Differential Calculus of Several Variables | ||
or MATH 51H | Honors Multivariable Mathematics | |
| Integral Calculus of Several Variables | ||
or MATH 52H | Honors Multivariable Mathematics | |
| Ordinary Differential Equations with Linear Algebra | ||
or MATH 53H | Honors Multivariable Mathematics | |
| In addition to the series, the following courses are recommended: | ||
| MATH 106 | Functions of a Complex Variable | 3 |
| or MATH 116 | Complex Analysis | |
| MATH 113 | Linear Algebra and Matrix Theory | 3 |
| MATH 120 | Groups and Rings | 3 |
| MATH 171 | Fundamental Concepts of Analysis | 3 |
| Plus nine or more 3-unit math courses numbered 121 or higher (the logic courses PHIL 151 and PHIL 152 are considered to be such courses), including at least one algebra course, one analysis course, and one geometry/topology course. (See the description of the honors program below) | 27 | |
| Total Units | 64 | |
In addition, those contemplating eventual graduate work in Mathematics should consider including at least one graduate-level math course such as MATH 205A Real Analysis, MATH 210A Modern Algebra I, or MATH 215A Complex Analysis, Geometry, and Topology or MATH 215B Complex Analysis, Geometry, and Topology. Such students should also consider the possibility of entering the honors program.
Example 3
An applied mathematics* program:
| Units | ||
|---|---|---|
| Select one of the following series or Advanced Placement credit (see the Overview tab for details): | 10 | |
| Calculus and Calculus and Calculus | ||
| Calculus and Calculus | ||
| Math 50 Series: | 15 | |
| Linear Algebra and Differential Calculus of Several Variables and Integral Calculus of Several Variables and Ordinary Differential Equations with Linear Algebra | ||
| MATH 104 | Applied Matrix Theory | 3 |
| MATH 106 | Functions of a Complex Variable | 3 |
| MATH 108 | Introduction to Combinatorics and Its Applications | 3 |
| MATH 109 | Applied Group Theory | 3 |
| MATH 110 | Applied Number Theory and Field Theory | 3 |
| MATH 115 | Functions of a Real Variable | 3 |
| MATH 131P | Partial Differential Equations I | 3 |
| MATH 132 | Partial Differential Equations II | 3 |
| STATS 116 | Theory of Probability | 3-5 |
| Plus at least 12 units of additional courses in applied mathematics, including, for example, suitable courses from the departments of Physics, Computer Science, Economics, Engineering, and Statistics. | 12 | |
| Total Units | 64-66 | |
| * | Students interested in applied mathematics, but desiring a broader-based program than the type of program suggested in Example 3, including significant computational and/or financial and/or statistical components, are encouraged to also consider the Mathematics and Computational Science program. |
Honors Program
The honors program is intended for students who have strong theoretical interests and abilities in mathematics. The goal of the program is to give students a thorough introduction to the main branches of mathematics, especially analysis, algebra, and geometry. Through the honors thesis, students may be introduced to a current or recent research topic, although occasionally more classical projects are encouraged. The program provides an excellent background with which to enter a Master's or Ph.D. program in Mathematics. Students completing the program are awarded a B.S. in Mathematics with Honors.
It is recommended that the sequence MATH 51H Honors Multivariable Mathematics, MATH 52H Honors Multivariable Mathematics, and MATH 53H Honors Multivariable Mathematics be taken in the freshman year. To graduate with a B.S. in Mathematics with Honors, the following conditions apply in addition to the usual requirements for math majors:
- The selection of courses under items '1' and '2' above must contain:
And must also include seven additional 3-unit Math courses numbered 121 or higher. (The logic courses PHIL 151 Metalogic and PHIL 152 Computability and Logic can also be used.) These seven courses must include at least:Units MATH 106 Functions of a Complex Variable 3 or MATH 116 Complex Analysis MATH 120 Groups and Rings 3 MATH 171 Fundamental Concepts of Analysis 3 Units One Algebra Course: MATH 121 Galois Theory 3 MATH 122 Modules and Group Representations 3 MATH 152 Elementary Theory of Numbers 3 MATH 154 Algebraic Number Theory 3 One Analysis Course: MATH 131P Partial Differential Equations I 3 MATH 132 Partial Differential Equations II 3 MATH 136 Stochastic Processes 3 MATH 151 Introduction to Probability Theory 3 MATH 155 Analytic Number Theory 3 MATH 172 Lebesgue Integration and Fourier Analysis 3 MATH 173 Theory of Partial Differential Equations 3 MATH 175 Elementary Functional Analysis 3 One Geometry/Topology Course: MATH 143 Differential Geometry 3 MATH 144 3 MATH 145 Algebraic Geometry 3 MATH 146 Analysis on Manifolds 3 MATH 147 Differential Topology 3 MATH 148 Algebraic Topology 3 MATH 149 3 - All courses counting towards the honors requirements (MATH 106/MATH 116, MATH 120, MATH 171, all 7 additional Math courses used to fulfill the major requirement, and MATH 197) must be taken for a letter grade.
- Students must have an average GPA of at least a 3.0 across all math classes counting towards the major at the time of applying for honors to be eligible for acceptance into the honors program, as well as upon graduation to graduate with honors.
- Majors interested in honors can apply in winter quarter of their junior year at the earliest, and no later than the last day of classes in the spring quarter of junior year.
- Students in the honors program must write a senior thesis. In order to facilitate this, the student must, by the end of the junior year, choose an undergraduate thesis adviser from the Department of Mathematics faculty and map out a concentrated reading program under the direction and guidance of the adviser. This will occur when the student applies for honors. During the senior year, the student must enroll in MATH 197 Senior Honors Thesis with his/her adviser for a total of 6 units (recommended to be spread over three quarters), and work toward completion of the thesis under the direction and guidance of the thesis adviser. The thesis may contain original material, or be a synthesis of work in current or recent research literature. The 6 units of credit for MATH 197 Senior Honors Thesis are required in addition to the 64 units required of the major. (See the major requirements at the top of the page.)
- The deadline for the senior thesis final draft is the Monday of week 8 of the student's graduation quarter.
In addition to the minimum requirements laid out above, it is strongly recommended that students take at least one graduate-level course (that is, at least one course in the 200 plus range). MATH 205A Real Analysis, MATH 210A Modern Algebra I, and MATH 215A Complex Analysis, Geometry, and Topology or MATH 215B Complex Analysis, Geometry, and Topology are especially recommended in this context.
Students with questions about the honors program should see the department's director of undergraduate studies.
Minor in Mathematics
To qualify for the minor in Mathematics, a student should complete, for a letter grade, at least six Department of Mathematics courses numbered 51 or higher, totaling a minimum of 24 units. For the purposes of this requirement, STATS 116 Theory of Probability, PHIL 151 Metalogic, and PHIL 152 Computability and Logic count as Department of Mathematics courses. No other courses from outside the Department of Mathematics may be used towards the minor in Mathematics.
It is recommended that these courses include:
| Units | ||
|---|---|---|
| Math Minor | ||
| MATH 51 | Linear Algebra and Differential Calculus of Several Variables | 5 |
| or MATH 51H | Honors Multivariable Mathematics | |
| MATH 52 | Integral Calculus of Several Variables | 5 |
| or MATH 52H | Honors Multivariable Mathematics | |
| MATH 53 | Ordinary Differential Equations with Linear Algebra | 5 |
| or MATH 53H | Honors Multivariable Mathematics | |
| Plus three additional MATH courses | 9 | |
| Total Units | 24 | |
At least 12 of the units applied toward the minor in Mathematics must be taken at Stanford. The policy of the Mathematics Department is that no courses other than the MATH 50 series and below may be double-counted toward any other University major or minor.
Master of Science in Mathematics
The University's basic requirements for the master's degree are discussed in the "Graduate Degrees" section of this bulletin. Students should pay particular attention to the University's course requirements for graduate degrees.
University Coterminal Requirements
Coterminal master’s degree candidates are expected to complete all master’s degree requirements as described in this bulletin. University requirements for the coterminal master’s degree are described in the “Coterminal Master’s Program” section. University requirements for the master’s degree are described in the "Graduate Degrees" section of this bulletin.
After accepting admission to this coterminal master’s degree program, students may request transfer of courses from the undergraduate to the graduate career to satisfy requirements for the master’s degree. Transfer of courses to the graduate career requires review and approval of both the undergraduate and graduate programs on a case by case basis.
In this master’s program, courses taken three quarters prior to the first graduate quarter, or later, are eligible for consideration for transfer to the graduate career. No courses taken prior to the first quarter of the sophomore year may be used to meet master’s degree requirements.
Course transfers are not possible after the bachelor’s degree has been conferred.
The University requires that the graduate adviser be assigned in the student’s first graduate quarter even though the undergraduate career may still be open. The University also requires that the Master’s Degree Program Proposal be completed by the student and approved by the department by the end of the student’s first graduate quarter.
The following are specific departmental requirements:
Candidates must complete an approved course program of 45 units of courses beyond the department requirements for the B.S. degree, of which at least 36 units must be Mathematics Department courses, taken for a letter grade. The Mathematics Department courses must include at least 18 units numbered 200 or above. The candidate must have a grade point average (GPA) of 3.0 (B) over all course work taken in Mathematics, and a GPA of 3.0 (B) in the 200-level courses considered separately. Course work for the M.S. degree must be approved during the first quarter of enrollment in the program by the department's Director of Graduate Studies.
The Financial Mathematics M.S. degree program is no longer offered through the School of Humanities and Sciences. The Institute for Computational and Mathematical Engineering (ICME) now offers a master's degree track in Mathematical and Computational Finance.
Doctor of Philosophy in Mathematics
The University's basic requirements for the doctorate (residence, dissertation, examinations, etc.) are discussed in the "Graduate Degrees" section of this bulletin. The following are specific departmental requirements.
To be admitted to candidacy, the student must have successfully completed 27 units of graduate courses (that is, courses numbered 200 and above). In addition, the student must pass qualifying examinations given by the department.
Beyond the requirements for candidacy, the student must complete a course of study approved by the Graduate Affairs Committee of the Department of Mathematics and submit an acceptable dissertation. In accordance with University requirements, Ph.D. students must complete a total of 135 course units beyond the bachelor's degree. These courses should be Department of Mathematics courses or approved courses from other departments. The course program should display substantial breadth in mathematics outside the student's field of application. The student must receive a grade point average (GPA) of 3.0 (B) or better in courses used to satisfy the Ph.D. requirement. In addition, the student must pass the Department area examination and the University oral examination.
Experience in teaching is emphasized in the Ph.D. program. Each student is required to complete nine quarters of such experience. The nature of the teaching assignment for each of those quarters is determined by the department in consultation with the student. Typical assignments include teaching or assisting in teaching an undergraduate course or lecturing in an advanced seminar.
For further information concerning degree programs, fellowships, and assistantships, inquire of the department's student services office.
Ph.D. Minor in Mathematics
Requirements for the Ph.D. Minor in Mathematics are:
| Units | ||
|---|---|---|
| Complete both of the following Sequences: 1, 2 | ||
| Sequence 1 | ||
| MATH 106 | Functions of a Complex Variable | 3 |
| or MATH 116 | Complex Analysis | |
| MATH 131P | Partial Differential Equations I | 3 |
| MATH 132 | Partial Differential Equations II | 3 |
| Sequence 2 | ||
| MATH 113 | Linear Algebra and Matrix Theory | 3 |
| MATH 120 | Groups and Rings | 3 |
| or MATH 152 | Elementary Theory of Numbers | |
| Additional Courses | ||
| 21 units of 200-level MATH courses 3 | 21 | |
| Total Units | 36 | |
| 1 | The 100-level courses may have been completed during undergraduate study, and their equivalents from other universities are acceptable. |
| 2 | A third coherent sequence designed by the student, subject to the approval of the graduate committee, may be considered as a substitute for Sequence 1 or 2. |
| 3 | The 200-level courses must be taken at Stanford and approved by the Department of Mathematics Ph.D. minor adviser. |
Emeriti: Gregory Brumfiel, Gunnar Carlsson, Solomon Feferman, Robert Finn, Yitzhak Katznelson, Joseph Keller, Georg Kreisel, Harold Levine, Tai-Ping Liu, R. James Milgram, Donald Ornstein, Richard Schoen, Leon Simon
Chair: Brian White
Professors: Simon Brendle (on leave), Daniel Bump, Emmanuel Candes, Sourav Chatterjee, Ralph L. Cohen, Brian Conrad, Amir Dembo (on leave Winter), Persi Diaconis, Yakov Eliashberg, Jacob Fox, Soren Galatius, Eleny Ionel (on leave), Steven Kerckhoff, Jun Li, Rafe Mazzeo, Maryam Mirzakhani (on leave Autumn), George Papanicolaou, Lenya Ryzhik, Kannan Soundararajan, Ravi Vakil, Andras Vasy, Akshay Venkatesh, Brian White, Lexing Ying, Zhiwei Yun
Assistant Professors: Thomas Church, Jack Poulson, John Pardon
Szegö Assistant Professors: Riddhipratim Basu, Alexei Entin, Yu Gu, Hilaf Hasson, Yu-Shen Lin, Davi Maximo, Jenny Wilson, Tian Yang, Tianyi Zheng, Xuwen Zhu
Lecturers: Marion Campisi, Susie Kimport, Mark Lucianovic, George Schaeffer, Wojciech Wieczorek
Courtesy Professors: Renata Kallosh
Consulting Professors: Brian Conrey, David Hoffman
Clay Fellow: Alex Wright
Distinguished Poncaire Professor: Tadashi Tokieda
Courses
MATH 16. Mathematics in the Real World. 3 Units.
Introduction to non-calculus applications of mathematical ideas and principles in real-world problems. Topics include probability and counting, basic statistical concepts, geometric series. Applications include insurance, gambler's ruin, false positives in disease testing, present value of money, and mortgages. No knowledge of calculus required. Enrollment limited to students who do not have Stanford credit for a high school or college course in calculus or statistics.
Same as: STATS 90
MATH 19. Calculus. 3 Units.
Introduction to differential calculus of functions of one variable. Topics: review of elementary functions including exponentials and logarithms, limits, rates of change, the derivative, and applications. MATH 19, 20, and 21 cover the same material as MATH 41 and 42, but in three quarters rather than two. Prerequisites: precalculus, including trigonometry, advanced algebra, and analysis of elementary functions.
MATH 20. Calculus. 3 Units.
Continuation of 19. Applications of differential calculus; introduction to integral calculus of functions of one variable, including: the definite integral, methods of symbolic and numerical integration, applications of the definite integral. Prerequisites: 19 or equivalent.
MATH 21. Calculus. 4 Units.
Continuation of 20. Applications of integral calculus, introduction to differential equations, infinite series. Prerequisite: 20 or equivalent.
MATH 41. Calculus. 5 Units.
Introduction to differential and integral calculus of functions of one variable. Topics: limits, rates of change, the derivative and applications, introduction to the definite integral and integration. MATH 41 and 42 cover the same material as MATH 19-20-21, but in two quarters rather than three. Prerequisites: trigonometry, advanced algebra, and analysis of elementary functions, including exponentials and logarithms.
Same as: Accelerated
MATH 41A. Calculus ACE. 6 Units.
Students attend MATH 41 lectures with different recitation sessions, four hours instead of two, emphasizing engineering applications. Prerequisite: application; see http://soe.stanford.edu/edp/programs/ace.html.
MATH 42. Calculus. 5 Units.
Continuation of 41. Methods of symbolic and numerical integration, applications of the definite integral, introduction to differential equations, infinite series. Prerequisite: 41 or equivalent.
Same as: Accelerated
MATH 42A. Calculus ACE. 6 Units.
Students attend MATH 42 lectures with different recitation sessions, four hours instead of two, emphasizing engineering applications. Prerequisite: application; see http://soe.stanford.edu/edp/programs/ace.html.
MATH 51. Linear Algebra and Differential Calculus of Several Variables. 5 Units.
Geometry and algebra of vectors, systems of linear equations, matrices and linear transformations, diagonalization and eigenvectors, vector valued functions and functions of several variables, parametric curves, partial derivatives and gradients, the derivative as a matrix, chain rule in several variables, constrained and unconstrained optimization. Prerequisite: 21, or 42, or a score of 4 on the BC Advanced Placement exam or 5 on the AB Advanced Placement exam, or consent of instructor.
MATH 51A. Linear Algebra and Differential Calculus of Several Variables, ACE. 6 Units.
Students attend MATH 51 lectures with different recitation sessions: four hours per week instead of two, emphasizing engineering applications. Prerequisite: application; see http://soe.stanford.edu/edp/programs/ace.html.
MATH 51H. Honors Multivariable Mathematics. 5 Units.
For prospective Mathematics majors in the honors program and students from other areas of science or engineering who have a strong mathematics background. Three quarter sequence covers the material of 51, 52, 53, and additional advanced calculus and ordinary and partial differential equations. Unified treatment of multivariable calculus, linear algebra, and differential equations with a different order of topics and emphasis from standard courses. Students should know one-variable calculus and have an interest in a theoretical approach to the subject. Prerequisite: score of 5 on BC Advanced Placement exam, or consent of instructor.
MATH 51M. Introduction to MATLAB for Multivariable Mathematics. 1 Unit.
This class complements MATH51 by exploring computational aspects of linear algebra and multivariable differential calculus using MATLAB. There are three goals for this course. First, this course provides a gentle introduction to MATLAB and scientific programming. Second, this course explains how to use MATLAB to solve problems in linear algebra and multivariable differential calculus encountered in MATH51. Finally, this course explains how certain key algorithms from MATH51 are implemented quickly and efficiently by commonly used scientific computing packages. Each class consists of a short lecture followed by an in-class on-laptop activity.
MATH 52. Integral Calculus of Several Variables. 5 Units.
Iterated integrals, line and surface integrals, vector analysis with applications to vector potentials and conservative vector fields, physical interpretations. Divergence theorem and the theorems of Green, Gauss, and Stokes. Prerequisite: 51 and 42 or equivalents.
MATH 52H. Honors Multivariable Mathematics. 5 Units.
Continuation of 51H. Prerequisite: 51H.
MATH 53. Ordinary Differential Equations with Linear Algebra. 5 Units.
Ordinary differential equations and initial value problems, systems of linear differential equations with constant coefficients, applications of second-order equations to oscillations, matrix exponentials, Laplace transforms, stability of non-linear systems and phase plane analysis, numerical methods. Prerequisite: 51 and 42 or equivalents.
MATH 53H. Honors Multivariable Mathematics. 5 Units.
Continuation of 52H. Prerequisite: 52H.
MATH 70SI. The Game of Go: Strategy, Theory, and History. 1 Unit.
Strategy and mathematical theories of the game of Go, with guest appearance by a professional Go player.
MATH 80Q. Capillary Surfaces: Explored and Unexplored Territory. 3 Units.
Preference to sophomores. Capillary surfaces: the interfaces between fluids that are adjacent to each other and do not mix. Recently discovered phenomena, predicted mathematically and subsequently confirmed by experiments, some done in space shuttles. Interested students may participate in ongoing investigations with affinity between mathematics and physics.
MATH 87Q. Mathematics of Knots, Braids, Links, and Tangles. 3 Units.
Preference to sophomores. Types of knots and how knots can be distinguished from one another by means of numerical or polynomial invariants. The geometry and algebra of braids, including their relationships to knots. Topology of surfaces. Brief summary of applications to biology, chemistry, and physics.
MATH 101. Math Discovery Lab. 3 Units.
MDL is a discovery-based project course in mathematics. Students work independently in small groups to explore open-ended mathematical problems and discover original mathematics. Students formulate conjectures and hypotheses; test predictions by computation, simulation, or pure thought; and present their results to classmates. No lecture component; in-class meetings reserved for student presentations, attendance mandatory. Admission is by application: http://math101.stanford.edu. Motivated students with any level of mathematical background are encouraged to apply. WIM.
MATH 104. Applied Matrix Theory. 3 Units.
Linear algebra for applications in science and engineering: orthogonality, projections, the four fundamental subspaces of a matrix, spectral theory for symmetric matrices, the singular value decomposition, the QR decomposition, least-squares, the condition number of a matrix, algorithms for solving linear systems. (MATH 113 offers a more theoretical treatment.) Prerequisites: MATH 51 and MATH 52 or 53.
MATH 106. Functions of a Complex Variable. 3 Units.
Complex numbers, analytic functions, Cauchy-Riemann equations, complex integration, Cauchy integral formula, residues, elementary conformal mappings. (MATH 116 offers a more theoretical treatment.) Prerequisite: 52.
MATH 107. Graph Theory. 3 Units.
An introductory course in graph theory establishing fundamental concepts and results in variety of topics. Topics include: basic notions, connectivity, cycles, matchings, planar graphs, graph coloring, matrix-tree theorem, conditions for hamiltonicity, Kuratowski's theorem, Ramsey and Turan-type theorem. Prerequisites: 51 or equivalent and some familiarity with proofs is required.
MATH 108. Introduction to Combinatorics and Its Applications. 3 Units.
Topics: graphs, trees (Cayley's Theorem, application to phylogony), eigenvalues, basic enumeration (permutations, Stirling and Bell numbers), recurrences, generating functions, basic asymptotics. Prerequisites: 51 or equivalent.
MATH 109. Applied Group Theory. 3 Units.
Applications of the theory of groups. Topics: elements of group theory, groups of symmetries, matrix groups, group actions, and applications to combinatorics and computing. Applications: rotational symmetry groups, the study of the Platonic solids, crystallographic groups and their applications in chemistry and physics. Honors math majors and students who intend to do graduate work in mathematics should take 120. WIM.
MATH 110. Applied Number Theory and Field Theory. 3 Units.
Number theory and its applications to modern cryptography. Topics: congruences, finite fields, primality testing and factorization, public key cryptography, error correcting codes, and elliptic curves, emphasizing algorithms. WIM.
MATH 113. Linear Algebra and Matrix Theory. 3 Units.
Algebraic properties of matrices and their interpretation in geometric terms. The relationship between the algebraic and geometric points of view and matters fundamental to the study and solution of linear equations. Topics: linear equations, vector spaces, linear dependence, bases and coordinate systems; linear transformations and matrices; similarity; eigenvectors and eigenvalues; diagonalization. (MATH 104 offers a more application-oriented treatment.).
MATH 114. Introduction to Scientific Computing. 3-4 Units.
Introduction to Scientific Computing Numerical computation for mathematical, computational, physical sciences and engineering: error analysis, floating-point arithmetic, nonlinear equations, numerical solution of systems of algebraic equations, banded matrices, least squares, unconstrained optimization, polynomial interpolation, numerical differentiation and integration, numerical solution of ordinary differential equations, truncation error, numerical stability for time dependent problems and stiffness. Implementation of numerical methods in MATLAB programming assignments. Prerequisites: MATH 51, 52, 53; prior programming experience (MATLAB or other language at level of CS 106A or higher).nGraduate students should take it for 3 units and undergraduate students should take it for 4 units.
Same as: CME 108
MATH 115. Functions of a Real Variable. 3 Units.
The development of real analysis in Euclidean space: sequences and series, limits, continuous functions, derivatives, integrals. Basic point set topology. Honors math majors and students who intend to do graduate work in mathematics should take 171. Prerequisite: 51.
MATH 116. Complex Analysis. 3 Units.
Analytic functions, Cauchy integral formula, power series and Laurent series, calculus of residues and applications, conformal mapping, analytic continuation, introduction to Riemann surfaces, Fourier series and integrals. (MATH 106 offers a less theoretical treatment.) Prerequisites: 52, and 115 or 171.
MATH 118. Mathematics of Computation. 3 Units.
Notions of analysis and algorithms central to modern scientific computing: continuous and discrete Fourier expansions, the fast Fourier transform, orthogonal polynomials, interpolation, quadrature, numerical differentiation, analysis and discretization of initial-value and boundary-value ODE, finite and spectral elements. Prerequisites: MATH 51 and 53.
MATH 120. Groups and Rings. 3 Units.
Recommended for Mathematics majors and required of honors Mathematics majors. Similar to 109 but altered content and more theoretical orientation. Groups acting on sets, examples of finite groups, Sylow theorems, solvable and simple groups. Fields, rings, and ideals; polynomial rings over a field; PID and non-PID. Unique factorization domains. WIM.
MATH 121. Galois Theory. 3 Units.
Field of fractions, splitting fields, separability, finite fields. Galois groups, Galois correspondence, examples and applications. Prerequisite: MATH 120 and (also recommended) 113.
MATH 122. Modules and Group Representations. 3 Units.
Modules over PID. Tensor algebra. Group representations and group rings. Maschke's theorem and character theory. Character tables, construction of representations. Prerequisite: MATH 120. Also recommended: 113.
MATH 131P. Partial Differential Equations I. 3 Units.
An introduction to PDE; particularly suitable for non-Math majors. Topics include physical examples of PDE's, method of characteristics, D'Alembert's formula, maximum principles, heat kernel, Duhamel's principle, separation of variables, Fourier series, Harmonic functions, Bessel functions, spherical harmonics. Students who have taken MATH 171 should consider taking MATH 173 rather than 131p. Prerequisite: 53.
MATH 132. Partial Differential Equations II. 3 Units.
Laplace's equation and properties of harmonic functions. Green's functions. Distributions and Fourier transforms. Eigenvalue problems and generalized Fourier series. Numerical solutions. Prerequisite: 131P.
MATH 136. Stochastic Processes. 3 Units.
Introduction to measure theory, Lp spaces and Hilbert spaces. Random variables, expectation, conditional expectation, conditional distribution. Uniform integrability, almost sure and Lp convergence. Stochastic processes: definition, stationarity, sample path continuity. Examples: random walk, Markov chains, Gaussian processes, Poisson processes, Martingales. Construction and basic properties of Brownian motion. Prerequisite: STATS 116 or MATH 151 or equivalent. Recommended: MATH 115 or equivalent.
Same as: STATS 219
MATH 137. Mathematical Methods of Classical Mechanics. 3 Units.
Newtonian mechanics. Lagrangian formalism. E. Noether's theorem. Oscillations. Rigid bodies. Introduction to symplectic geometry. Hamiltonian formalism. Legendre transform. Variational principles. Geometric optics. Introduction to the theory of integrable systems. Prerequisites: 51, 52, 53, or 51H, 52H, 53H.
MATH 138. Celestial Mechanics. 3 Units.
Mathematically rigorous introduction to the classical N-body problem: the motion of N particles evolving according to Newton's law. Topics include: the Kepler problem and its symmetries; other central force problems; conservation theorems; variational methods; Hamilton-Jacobi theory; the role of equilibrium points and stability; and symplectic methods. Prerequisites: 53, and 115 or 171.
MATH 142. Hyperbolic Geometry. 3 Units.
An introductory course in hyperbolic geometry. Topics may include: different models of hyperbolic geometry, hyperbolic area and geodesics, Isometries and Mobius transformations, conformal maps, Fuchsian groups, Farey tessellation, hyperbolic structures on surfaces and three manifolds, limit sets.nnPrerequisites: some familiarity with the basic concepts of differential geometrynand the topology of surfaces and manifolds is strongly recommended.
MATH 143. Differential Geometry. 3 Units.
Geometry of curves and surfaces in three-space and higher dimensional manifolds. Parallel transport, curvature, and geodesics. Surfaces with constant curvature. Minimal surfaces.
MATH 145. Algebraic Geometry. 3 Units.
Hilbert's nullstellensatz, complex affine and projective curves, Bezout's theorem, the degree/genus formula, blow-up, Riemann-Roch theorem. Prerequisites: 120, and 121 or knowledge of fraction fields. Recommended: familiarity with surfaces equivalent to 143, 146, 147, or 148.
MATH 146. Analysis on Manifolds. 3 Units.
Differentiable manifolds, tangent space, submanifolds, implicit function theorem, differential forms, vector and tensor fields. Frobenius' theorem, DeRham theory. Prerequisite: 52 or 52H.
MATH 147. Differential Topology. 3 Units.
Smooth manifolds, transversality, Sards' theorem, embeddings, degree of a map, Borsuk-Ulam theorem, Hopf degree theorem, Jordan curve theorem. Prerequisite: 115 or 171.
MATH 148. Algebraic Topology. 3 Units.
Fundamental group, covering spaces, Euler characteristic, homology, classification of surfaces, knots. Prerequisite: 109 or 120.
MATH 151. Introduction to Probability Theory. 3 Units.
Counting; axioms of probability; conditioning and independence; expectation and variance; discrete and continuous random variables and distributions; joint distributions and dependence; central limit theorem and laws of large numbers. Prerequisite: 52 or consent of instructor.
MATH 152. Elementary Theory of Numbers. 3 Units.
Euclid's algorithm, fundamental theorems on divisibility; prime numbers; congruence of numbers; theorems of Fermat, Euler, Wilson; congruences of first and higher degrees; quadratic residues; introduction to the theory of binary quadratic forms; quadratic reciprocity; partitions.
MATH 154. Algebraic Number Theory. 3 Units.
Properties of number fields and Dedekind domains, quadratic and cyclotomic fields, applications to some classical Diophantine equations; introduction to elliptic curves. Prerequisites: 120 and 121, especially modules over principal ideal domains and Galois theory of finite fields.
MATH 155. Analytic Number Theory. 3 Units.
Topics in analytic number theory such as the distribution of prime numbers, the prime number theorem, twin primes and Goldbach's conjecture, the theory of quadratic forms, Dirichlet's class number formula, Dirichlet's theorem on primes in arithmetic progressions, and the fifteen theorem. Prerequisite: 152, or familiarity with the Euclidean algorithm, congruences, residue classes and reduced residue classes, primitive roots, and quadratic reciprocity.
MATH 158. Basic Probability and Stochastic Processes with Engineering Applications. 3 Units.
Calculus of random variables and their distributions with applications. Review of limit theorems of probability and their application to statistical estimation and basic Monte Carlo methods. Introduction to Markov chains, random walks, Brownian motion and basic stochastic differential equations with emphasis on applications from economics, physics and engineering, such as filtering and control. Prerequisites: exposure to basic probability.
Same as: CME 298
MATH 159. Discrete Probabilistic Methods. 3 Units.
Modern discrete probabilistic methods suitable for analyzing discrete structures of the type arising in number theory, graph theory, combinatorics, computer science, information theory and molecular sequence analysis. Prerequisite: STATS 116/MATH 151 or equivalent.
MATH 161. Set Theory. 3 Units.
Informal and axiomatic set theory: sets, relations, functions, and set-theoretical operations. The Zermelo-Fraenkel axiom system and the special role of the axiom of choice and its various equivalents. Well-orderings and ordinal numbers; transfinite induction and transfinite recursion. Equinumerosity and cardinal numbers; Cantor's Alephs and cardinal arithmetic. Open problems in set theory. Prerequisite: students should be comfortable doing proofs.
MATH 162. Philosophy of Mathematics. 4 Units.
(Graduate students register for PHIL 262.) General survey of the philosophy of mathematics, focusing on epistemological issues. Includes survey of some basic concepts (proof, axiom, definition, number, set); mind-bending theorems about the limits of our current mathematical knowledge, such as Gödel's Incompleteness Theorems, and the independence of the continuum hypothesis from the current axioms of set theory; major philosophical accounts of mathematics: Logicism, Intuitionism, Hilbert's program, Quine's empiricism, Field's program, Structuralism; concluding with a discussion of Eugene Wigner's `The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics in the Natural Sciences'. Students won't be expected to prove theorems or complete mathematical exercises. However, includes some material of a technical nature. Prerequisite: PHIL150 or consent of instructor.
Same as: PHIL 162, PHIL 262
MATH 163. The Greek Invention of Mathematics. 3-5 Units.
(Formerly CLASSGEN 103.) How was mathematics invented? A survey of the main creative ideas of ancient Greek mathematics. Among the issues explored are the axiomatic system of Euclid's Elements, the origins of the calculus in Greek measurements of solids and surfaces, and Archimedes' creation of mathematical physics. We will provide proofs of ancient theorems, and also learn how such theorems are even known today thanks to the recovery of ancient manuscripts.
Same as: CLASSICS 136
MATH 171. Fundamental Concepts of Analysis. 3 Units.
Recommended for Mathematics majors and required of honors Mathematics majors. Similar to 115 but altered content and more theoretical orientation. Properties of Riemann integrals, continuous functions and convergence in metric spaces; compact metric spaces, basic point set topology. Prerequisite: 51H or 115 or consent of the instructor. WIM.
MATH 172. Lebesgue Integration and Fourier Analysis. 3 Units.
Similar to 205A, but for undergraduate Math majors and graduate students in other disciplines. Topics include Lebesgue measure on Euclidean space, Lebesgue integration, L^p spaces, the Fourier transform, the Hardy-Littlewood maximal function and Lebesgue differentiation. Prerequisite: 171 or consent of instructor.
MATH 173. Theory of Partial Differential Equations. 3 Units.
A rigorous introduction to PDE accessible to advanced undergraduates. Elliptic, parabolic, and hyperbolic equations in many space dimensions including basic properties of solutions such as maximum principles, causality, and conservation laws. Methods include the Fourier transform as well as more classical methods. The Lebesgue integral will be used throughout, but a summary of its properties will be provided to make the course accessible to students who have not had 172 or 205A. Prerequisite: 171 or equivalent.
MATH 174. Calculus of Variations. 3 Units.
An introductory course emphasizing the historical development of the theory, its connections to physics and mechanics, its independent mathematical interest, and its contacts with daily life experience. Applications to minimal surfaces and to capillary surface interfaces. Prerequisites: MATH 171 or equivalent.
MATH 175. Elementary Functional Analysis. 3 Units.
Linear operators on Hilbert space. Spectral theory of compact operators; applications to integral equations. Elements of Banach space theory. Prerequisite: 115 or 171.
MATH 177. Geometric Methods in the Theory of Ordinary Differential Equations. 3 Units.
Hamiltonian systems and their geometry. First order PDE and Hamilton-Jacobi equation. Structural stability and hyperbolic dynamical systems. Completely integrable systems. Perturbation theory.
MATH 180. Introduction to Financial Mathematics. 3 Units.
Financial derivatives: contracts and options. Hedging and risk management. Arbitrage, interest rate, and discounted value. Geometric random walk and Brownian motion as models of risky assets. Initial boundary value problems for the heat and related partial differential equations. Self-financing replicating portfolio. Black-Scholes pricing of European options. Dividends. Implied volatility. Optimal stopping and American options. Prerequisite: 53. Corequisites: 131, 151 or STATS 116.
MATH 193. Polya Problem Solving Seminar. 1 Unit.
Topics in mathematics and problem solving strategies with an eye towards the Putnam Competition. Topics may include parity, the pigeonhole principle, number theory, recurrence, generating functions, and probability. Students present solutions to the class. Open to anyone with an interest in mathematics.
MATH 197. Senior Honors Thesis. 1-6 Unit.
Honors math major working on senior honors thesis under an approved advisor carries out research and reading. Satisfactory written account of progress achieved during term must be submitted to advisor before term ends. May be repeated 3 times for a max of 9 units. Contact department student services specialist to enroll.
MATH 198. Practical Training. 1 Unit.
Only for students majoring in mathematics. Students obtain employment in a relevant industrial or research activity to enhance their professional experience. Students submit a concise report detailing work activities, problems worked on, and key results. May be repeated for credit up to 3 units. Prerequisite: qualified offer of employment and consent of department. Prior approval by Math Department is required; you must contact the Math Department's Student Services staff for instructions before being granted permission to enroll.
MATH 199. Independent Work. 1-3 Unit.
For math majors only. Undergraduates pursue a reading program; topics limited to those not in regular department course offerings. Credit can fulfill the elective requirement for math majors. Approval of Undergraduate Affairs Committee is required to use credit for honors majors area requirement. Contact department student services specialist to enroll.
MATH 205A. Real Analysis. 3 Units.
Basic measure theory and the theory of Lebesgue integration. Prerequisite: 171 or equivalent.
MATH 205B. Real Analysis. 3 Units.
Point set topology, basic functional analysis, Fourier series, and Fourier transform. Prerequisites: 171 and 205A or equivalent.
MATH 210A. Modern Algebra I. 3 Units.
Basic commutative ring and module theory, tensor algebra, homological constructions, linear and multilinear algebra, introduction to representation theory. Prerequisite: 122 or equivalent.
MATH 210B. Modern Algebra II. 3 Units.
Continuation of 210A. Topics in Galois theory, commutative algebra, and algebraic geometry. Prerequisites: 210A, and 121 or equivalent.
MATH 210C. Lie Theory. 3 Units.
Topics in Lie groups, Lie algebras, and/or representation theory. Prerequisite: MATH 210B. May be repeated for credit.
MATH 215A. Complex Analysis, Geometry, and Topology. 3 Units.
Analytic functions, complex integration, Cauchy's theorem, residue theorem, argument principle, conformal mappings, Riemann mapping theorem, Picard's theorem, elliptic functions, analytic continuation and Riemann surfaces.
MATH 215B. Complex Analysis, Geometry, and Topology. 3 Units.
Topics: fundamental group and covering spaces, homology, cohomology, products, basic homotopy theory, and applications. Prerequisites: 113, 120, and 171, or equivalent; 215A is not a prerequisite for 215B.
MATH 215C. Complex Analysis, Geometry, and Topology. 3 Units.
Differentiable manifolds, transversality, degree of a mapping, vector fields, intersection theory, and Poincare duality. Differential forms and the DeRham theorem. Prerequisite: 215B or equivalent.
MATH 216A. Introduction to Algebraic Geometry. 3 Units.
Algebraic curves, algebraic varieties, sheaves, cohomology, Riemann-Roch theorem. Classification of algebraic surfaces, moduli spaces, deformation theory and obstruction theory, the notion of schemes. May be repeated for credit. Prerequisites: 210ABC or equivalent.
MATH 216B. Introduction to Algebraic Geometry. 3 Units.
Continuation of 216A. May be repeated for credit.
MATH 216C. Introduction to Algebraic Geometry. 3 Units.
Continuation of 216B. May be repeated for credit.
MATH 217C. Complex Differential Geometry. 3 Units.
Complex structures, almost complex manifolds and integrability, Hermitian and Kahler metrics, connections on complex vector bundles, Chern classes and Chern-Weil theory, Hodge and Dolbeault theory, vanishing theorems, Calabi-Yau manifolds, deformation theory.
MATH 220. Partial Differential Equations of Applied Mathematics. 3 Units.
First-order partial differential equations; method of characteristics; weak solutions; elliptic, parabolic, and hyperbolic equations; Fourier transform; Fourier series; and eigenvalue problems. Prerequisite: foundation in multivariable calculus and ordinary differential equations.
Same as: CME 303
MATH 221A. Mathematical Methods of Imaging. 3 Units.
Image denoising and deblurring with optimization and partial differential equations methods. Imaging functionals based on total variation and l-1 minimization. Fast algorithms and their implementation.
Same as: CME 321A
MATH 221B. Mathematical Methods of Imaging. 3 Units.
Array imaging using Kirchhoff migration and beamforming, resolution theory for broad and narrow band array imaging in homogeneous media, topics in high-frequency, variable background imaging with velocity estimation, interferometric imaging methods, the role of noise and inhomogeneities, and variational problems that arise in optimizing the performance of array imaging algorithms.
Same as: CME 321B
MATH 226. Numerical Solution of Partial Differential Equations. 3 Units.
Hyperbolic partial differential equations: stability, convergence and qualitative properties; nonlinear hyperbolic equations and systems; combined solution methods from elliptic, parabolic, and hyperbolic problems. Examples include: Burger's equation, Euler equations for compressible flow, Navier-Stokes equations for incompressible flow. Prerequisites: MATH 220A or CME 302.
Same as: CME 306
MATH 227. Partial Differential Equations and Diffusion Processes. 3 Units.
Parabolic and elliptic partial differential equations and their relation to diffusion processes. First order equations and optimal control. Emphasis is on applications to mathematical finance. Prerequisites: MATH 131 and MATH 136/STATS 219, or equivalents.
MATH 228. Stochastic Methods in Engineering. 3 Units.
The basic limit theorems of probability theory and their application to maximum likelihood estimation. Basic Monte Carlo methods and importance sampling. Markov chains and processes, random walks, basic ergodic theory and its application to parameter estimation. Discrete time stochastic control and Bayesian filtering. Diffusion approximations, Brownian motion and an introduction to stochastic differential equations. Examples and problems from various applied areas. Prerequisites: exposure to probability and background in analysis.
Same as: CME 308
MATH 228A. Probability, Stochastic Analysis and Applications. 3 Units.
The basic limit theorems of probability theory and their application to maximum likelihood estimation. Basic Monte Carlo methods and importance sampling. Markov chains and processes, random walks, basic ergodic theory and its application to parameter estimation. Discrete time stochastic control and Bayesian filtering. Diffusion approximations, Brownian motion and basic stochastic differential equations. Examples and problems from various applied areas. Prerequisites: exposure to probability and background in analysis.
MATH 230A. Theory of Probability. 2-4 Units.
Mathematical tools: sigma algebras, measure theory, connections between coin tossing and Lebesgue measure, basic convergence theorems. Probability: independence, Borel-Cantelli lemmas, almost sure and Lp convergence, weak and strong laws of large numbers. Large deviations. Weak convergence; central limit theorems; Poisson convergence; Stein's method. Prerequisites: 116, MATH 171.
Same as: STATS 310A
MATH 230B. Theory of Probability. 2-3 Units.
Conditional expectations, discrete time martingales, stopping times, uniform integrability, applications to 0-1 laws, Radon-Nikodym Theorem, ruin problems, etc. Other topics as time allows selected from (i) local limit theorems, (ii) renewal theory, (iii) discrete time Markov chains, (iv) random walk theory,nn(v) ergodic theory. Prerequisite: 310A or MATH 230A.
Same as: STATS 310B
MATH 230C. Theory of Probability. 2-4 Units.
Continuous time stochastic processes: martingales, Brownian motion, stationary independent increments, Markov jump processes and Gaussian processes. Invariance principle, random walks, LIL and functional CLT. Markov and strong Markov property. Infinitely divisible laws. Some ergodic theory. Prerequisite: 310B or MATH 230B.
Same as: STATS 310C
MATH 231A. An Introduction to Random Matrix Theory. 3 Units.
Patterns in the eigenvalue distribution of typical large matrices, which also show up in physics (energy distribution in scattering experiments), combinatorics (length of longest increasing subsequence), first passage percolation and number theory (zeros of the zeta function). Classical compact ensembles (random orthogonal matrices). The tools of determinental point processes.
Same as: STATS 351A
MATH 231C. Free Probability. 3 Units.
Background from operator theory, addition and multiplication theorems for operators, spectral properties of infinite-dimensional operators, the free additive and multiplicative convolutions of probability measures and their classical counterparts, asymptotic freeness of large random matrices, and free entropy and free dimension. Prerequisite: STATS 310B or equivalent.
MATH 232. Topics in Probability: Percolation Theory. 3 Units.
An introduction to some of the most important theorems and open problems in percolation theory. Topics include some of the difficult early breakthroughs of Kesten, Menshikov, Aizenman and others, and recent fields-medal winning works of Schramm, Lawler, Werner and Smirnov. Prerequisites: graduate-level probability. Offered every 1-2 years.
MATH 233. Topics in Combinatorics: Non-constructive methods in combinatorics. 3 Units.
Methods in combinatorics that prove the existence of certain objects without constructing them explicitly: The probabilistic method (concentration of measure, Lovasz local lemma), topological methods (Sperner's lemma, Brouwer's fixed-point and Borsuk-Ulam theorems), and algebraic methods (Nullstellensatz, the polynomial method and interlacing polynomials). We will also discuss the computational question of constructing the respective objects efficiently.
MATH 234. Large Deviations Theory. 3 Units.
Combinatorial estimates and the method of types. Large deviation probabilities for partial sums and for empirical distributions, Cramer's and Sanov's theorems and their Markov extensions. Applications in statistics, information theory, and statistical mechanics. Prerequisite: MATH 230A or STATS 310. Offered every 2-3 years.
Same as: STATS 374
MATH 235A. Topics in combinatorics. 3 Units.
This advanced course in extremal combinatorics covers several major themes in the area. These include extremal combinatorics and Ramsey theory, the graph regularity method, and algebraic methods.
MATH 235B. Modern Markov Chain Theory. 3 Units.
This is a graduate-level course on the use and analysis of Markov chains. Emphasis is placed on explicit rates of convergence for chains used in applications to physics, biology, and statistics. Topics covered: basic constructions (metropolis, Gibbs sampler, data augmentation, hybrid Monte Carlo); spectral techniques (explicit diagonalization, Poincaré, and Cheeger bounds); functional inequalities (Nash, Sobolev, Log Sobolev); probabilistic techniques (coupling, stationary times, Harris recurrence). A variety of card shuffling processes will be studies. Central Limit and concentration.
MATH 235C. Topics in Markov Chains. 3 Units.
Classical functional inequalities (Nash, Faber-Krahn, log-Sobolev inequalities), comparison of Dirichlet forms. Random walks and isoperimetry of amenable groups (with a focus on solvable groups). Entropy, harmonic functions, and Poisson boundary (following Kaimanovich-Vershik theory).
MATH 236. Introduction to Stochastic Differential Equations. 3 Units.
Brownian motion, stochastic integrals, and diffusions as solutions of stochastic differential equations. Functionals of diffusions and their connection with partial differential equations. Random walk approximation of diffusions. Prerequisite: 136 or equivalent and differential equations.
MATH 237. Default and Systemic Risk. 3 Units.
Introduction to mathematical models of complex static and dynamic stochastic systems that undergo sudden regime change in response to small changes in parameters. Examples from materials science (phase transitions), power grid models, financial and banking systems. Special emphasis on mean field models and their large deviations, including computational issues. Dynamic network models of financial systems and their stability.
MATH 238. Mathematical Finance. 3 Units.
Stochastic models of financial markets. Forward and futures contracts. European options and equivalent martingale measures. Hedging strategies and management of risk. Term structure models and interest rate derivatives. Optimal stopping and American options. Corequisites: MATH 236 and 227 or equivalent.
Same as: STATS 250
MATH 239. Computation and Simulation in Finance. 3 Units.
Monte Carlo, finite difference, tree, and transform methods for the numerical solution of partial differential equations in finance. Emphasis is on derivative security pricing. Prerequisite: 238 or equivalent.
MATH 243. Functions of Several Complex Variables. 3 Units.
Holomorphic functions in several variables, Hartogs phenomenon, d-bar complex, Cousin problem. Domains of holomorphy. Plurisubharmonic functions and pseudo-convexity. Stein manifolds. Coherent sheaves, Cartan Theorems A&B. Levi problem and its solution. Grauert¿s Oka principle. nPrerequisites: MATH 215A and experience with manifolds.
MATH 244. Riemann Surfaces. 3 Units.
Riemann surfaces and holomorphic maps, algebraic curves, maps to projective spaces. Calculus on Riemann surfaces. Elliptic functions and integrals. Riemann-Hurwitz formula. Riemann-Roch theorem, Abel-Jacobi map. Uniformization theorem. Hyperbolic surfaces. (Suitable for advanced undergraduates.) Prerequisites: MATH 106 or MATH 116, and familiarity with surfaces equivalent to MATH 143, MATH 146, or MATH 147.
MATH 245A. Topics in Algebraic Geometry. 3 Units.
Topics of contemporary interest in algebraic geometry. May be repeated for credit.
MATH 245B. Topics in Algebraic Geometry. 3 Units.
May be repeated for credit.
MATH 245C. Topics in Algebraic Geometry. 3 Units.
May be repeated for credit.
MATH 248. Introduction to Ergodic Theory. 3 Units.
Topics may include 1) subadditive and multiplicative ergodic theorems, 2) notions of mixing, weak mixing, spectral theory, 3) metric and topological entropy of dynamical systems, 4) measures of maximal entropy. Prerequisites: Solid background in "Measure and Integration" (MATH 205A) and some functional analysis, including Riesz representation theorem and Hahn-Banach theorem (MATH 205B).
MATH 249A. Topics in number theory. 3 Units.
Topics of contemporary interest in number theory. May be repeated for credit.
MATH 249B. Topics in Number Theory. 3 Units.
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MATH 249C. Topics in Number Theory. 3 Units.
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MATH 256A. Partial Differential Equations. 3 Units.
The theory of linear and nonlinear partial differential equations, beginning with linear theory involving use of Fourier transform and Sobolev spaces. Topics: Schauder and L2 estimates for elliptic and parabolic equations; De Giorgi-Nash-Moser theory for elliptic equations; nonlinear equations such as the minimal surface equation, geometric flow problems, and nonlinear hyperbolic equations.
MATH 256B. Partial Differential Equations. 3 Units.
Continuation of 256A.
MATH 257A. Symplectic Geometry and Topology. 3 Units.
Linear symplectic geometry and linear Hamiltonian systems. Symplectic manifolds and their Lagrangian submanifolds, local properties. Symplectic geometry and mechanics. Contact geometry and contact manifolds. Relations between symplectic and contact manifolds. Hamiltonian systems with symmetries. Momentum map and its properties. May be repeated for credit.
MATH 257B. Symplectic Geometry and Topology. 3 Units.
Continuation of 257A. May be repeated for credit.
MATH 257C. Symplectic Geometry and Topology. 3 Units.
Continuation of 257B. May be repeated for credit.
MATH 258. Topics in Geometric Analysis. 3 Units.
May be repeated for credit.
MATH 262. Applied Fourier Analysis and Elements of Modern Signal Processing. 3 Units.
Introduction to the mathematics of the Fourier transform and how it arises in a number of imaging problems. Mathematical topics include the Fourier transform, the Plancherel theorem, Fourier series, the Shannon sampling theorem, the discrete Fourier transform, and the spectral representation of stationary stochastic processes. Computational topics include fast Fourier transforms (FFT) and nonuniform FFTs. Applications include Fourier imaging (the theory of diffraction, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging) and the theory of compressive sensing.
Same as: CME 372
MATH 263A. Infinite-dimensional Lie Algebras. 3 Units.
Basics of Kac-Moody Lie algebras, which include both finite dimensional semisimple Lie algebras and their infinite-dimensional analogs, up to the Kac-Weyl character formula and Macdonald identities, and the Boson-Fermion correspondence. May be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: 210 or equivalent.
MATH 263B. Crystal Bases: Representations and Combinatorics. 3 Units.
Crystal Bases are combinatorial analogs of representation theorynof Lie groups. We will explore different aspects of thesenanalogies and develop rigorous purely combinatorial foundations.
MATH 263C. Topics in Representation Theory. 3 Units.
May be repeated for credit.
MATH 269. Topics in symplectic geometry. 3 Units.
May be repeated for credit.
MATH 270. Geometry and Topology of Complex Manifolds. 3 Units.
Complex manifolds, Kahler manifolds, curvature, Hodge theory, Lefschetz theorem, Kahler-Einstein equation, Hermitian-Einstein equations, deformation of complex structures. May be repeated for credit.
MATH 271. The H-Principle. 3 Units.
The language of jets. Thom transversality theorem. Holonomic approximation theorem. Applications: immersion theory and its generaliazations. Differential relations and Gromov's h-principle for open manifolds. Applications to symplectic geometry. Microflexibility. Mappings with simple singularities and their applications. Method of convex integration. Nash-Kuiper C^1-isometric embedding theorem.
MATH 272. Topics in Partial Differential Equations. 3 Units.
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MATH 280. Evolution Equations in Differential Geometry. 3 Units.
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MATH 282A. Low Dimensional Topology. 3 Units.
The theory of surfaces and 3-manifolds. Curves on surfaces, the classification of diffeomorphisms of surfaces, and Teichmuller space. The mapping class group and the braid group. Knot theory, including knot invariants. Decomposition of 3-manifolds: triangulations, Heegaard splittings, Dehn surgery. Loop theorem, sphere theorem, incompressible surfaces. Geometric structures, particularly hyperbolic structures on surfaces and 3-manifolds. May be repeated for credit up to 6 total units.
MATH 282B. Homotopy Theory. 3 Units.
Homotopy groups, fibrations, spectral sequences, simplicial methods, Dold-Thom theorem, models for loop spaces, homotopy limits and colimits, stable homotopy theory. May be repeated for credit up to 6 total units.
MATH 282C. Fiber Bundles and Cobordism. 3 Units.
Possible topics: principal bundles, vector bundles, classifying spaces. Connections on bundles, curvature. Topology of gauge groups and gauge equivalence classes of connections. Characteristic classes and K-theory, including Bott periodicity, algebraic K-theory, and indices of elliptic operators. Spectral sequences of Atiyah-Hirzebruch, Serre, and Adams. Cobordism theory, Pontryagin-Thom theorem, calculation of unoriented and complex cobordism. May be repeated for credit up to 6 total units.
MATH 283. Topics in Algebraic and Geometric Topology. 3 Units.
May be repeated for credit.
MATH 283A. Topics in Topology. 3 Units.
May be repeated for credit.
MATH 284. Topics in Geometric Topology. 3 Units.
Incompressible surfaces, irreducible manifolds, prime decomposition, Morse theory, Heegaard diagrams, Heegaard splittings, the Thurston norm, sutured manifold theory, Heegaard Floer homology, sutured Floer homology.
MATH 284A. Geometry and Topology in Dimension 3. 3 Units.
The Poincare conjecture and the uniformization of 3-manifolds. May be repeated for credit.
MATH 284B. Geometry and Topology in Dimension 3. 3 Units.
The Poincare conjecture and the uniformization of 3-manifolds. May be repeated for credit.
MATH 286. Topics in Differential Geometry. 3 Units.
May be repeated for credit.
MATH 301. Advanced Topics in Convex Optimization. 3 Units.
Modern developments in convex optimization: semidefinite programming; novel and efficient first-order algorithms for smooth and nonsmooth convex optimization. Emphasis on numerical methods suitable for large scale problems arising in science and engineering. Prerequisites: convex optimization (EE 364), linear algebra (MATH 104), numerical linear algebra (CME 302); background in probability, statistics, real analysis and numerical optimization.
Same as: CME 375
MATH 305. Applied mathematics through toys and magic. 3 Units.
This course is a series of case-studies in doing applied mathematics on surprising phenomena we notice in daily life. Almost every class will show demos of these phenomena (toys and magic) and suggest open projects. The topics range over a great variety and cut across areas traditionally pigeonholed as physics, biology, engineering, computer science, mathematics ¿ but, instead of developing sophisticated mathematics on simple material, our aim is to extract simple mathematical understanding from sophisticated material which, at first, we may not yet know how to pigeonhole. In each class I will try to make the discussion self-contained and to give everybody something to take home, regardless of the background.
MATH 355. Graduate Teaching Seminar. 1 Unit.
Required of and limited to first-year Mathematics graduate students.
MATH 360. Advanced Reading and Research. 1-10 Unit.
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MATH 382. Qualifying Examination Seminar. 1-3 Unit.
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MATH 391. Research Seminar in Logic and the Foundations of Mathematics. 1-3 Unit.
Contemporary work. May be repeated a total of three times for credit. MATH 391 students attend the logic colloquium in 380-381T.
Same as: PHIL 391
MATH 802. TGR Dissertation. 0 Units.
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