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Stanford scientists replicate the newt’s ability to regenerate tissue in mouse cells

by admin on 08/06/10 at 9:56 pm

Originally posted on August 4, 2010 in Inside Stanford Medicine by Krista Conger.

Tissue regeneration a la salamanders and newts seems like it should be the stuff of science fiction. But it happens routinely. Why can’t we mammals just re-grow a limb or churn out a few new heart muscle cells as needed? New research suggests there might be a very good reason: Restricting our cells’ ability to pop in and out of the cell cycle at will — a prerequisite for the cell division necessary to make new tissue — reduces the chances that they’ll run amok and form potentially deadly cancers.

Now scientists at the Stanford University School of Medicine have taken a big step toward being able to confer this regenerative capacity on mammalian muscle cells; they accomplished this feat in experiments with laboratory mice in which they blocked the expression of just two tumor-suppressing proteins. The finding may move us closer to future regenerative therapies in humans — surprisingly, by sending us shimmying back down the evolutionary tree.

“Newts regenerate tissues very effectively,” said Helen Blau, PhD, the Donald E. and Delia B. Baxter Professor and a member of Stanford’s Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine. “In contrast, mammals are pathetic. We can regenerate our livers, and that’s about it. Until now it’s been a mystery as to how they do it.”

Blau is a Clayman Institute Faculty Affiliate.

For the complete story, go to Inside Stanford Medicine.