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Khan Academy

Linear Algebra

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  1. 1

    Introduction to matrices

    by Khan Academy 622,621 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=xyAuNHPsq-g
    What a matrix is. How to add and subtract them.

  2. 2

    Matrix multiplication (part 1)

    by Khan Academy 487,055 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=aKhhYguY0DQ
    Multiplying two 2x2 matrices.

  3. 3

    Matrix multiplication (part 2)

    by Khan Academy 270,399 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=OAh573i_qn8
    More on multiplying matrices.

  4. 4

    Inverse Matrix (part 1)

    by Khan Academy 476,771 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=iUQR0enP7RQ
    Taking the inverse of a 2x2 matrix

  5. 5

    Inverting matrices (part 2)

    by Khan Academy 253,876 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=S4n-tQZnU6o
    Inverting a 3x3 matrix

  6. 6

    Inverting Matrices (part 3)

    by Khan Academy 181,096 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=obts_JDS6_Q
    Using Gauss-Jordan elimination to invert a 3x3 matrix.

  7. 7

    Matrices to solve a system of equations

    by Khan Academy 376,933 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=AUqeb9Z3y3k
    Using the inverse of a matrix to solve a system of equations.

  8. 8

    Matrices to solve a vector combination problem

    by Khan Academy 120,807 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=gsNgdVdAT1o
    Using matrices to figure out if some combination of 2 vectors can create a 3rd vector

  9. 9

    Singular Matrices

    by Khan Academy 136,535 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=UqyN7-tRS00
    When and why you can't invert a matrix.

  10. 10

    3-variable linear equations (part 1)

    by Khan Academy 95,835 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=5tB7y_piK6o
    Visual intuition of a 3-variable linear equation.

  11. 11

    Solving 3 Equations with 3 Unknowns

    by Khan Academy 167,290 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=woqq3Sls1d8
    Solving 3 equations with 3 unknowns (old video from July 2008)

  12. 13

    Linear Algebra: Vector Examples

    by Khan Academy 227,269 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=r4bH66vYjss
    Visually understanding basic vector operations

  13. 14

    Linear Algebra: Parametric Representations of Lines

    by Khan Academy 145,881 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=hWhs2cIj7Cw
    Linear Algebra: Parametric Representations of Lines in R2 and R3

  14. 15

    Linear Combinations and Span

    by Khan Academy 220,150 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=Qm_OS-8COwU
    Understanding linear combinations and spans of vectors

  15. 16

    Linear Algebra: Introduction to Linear Independence

    by Khan Academy 172,505 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=CrV1xCWdY-g
    Linear Algebra: Introduction to linear dependence and independence

  16. 17

    More on linear independence

    by Khan Academy 105,445 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=Alhcv5d_XOs
    More examples determining linear dependence or independence.

  17. 18

    Span and Linear Independence Example

    by Khan Academy 142,729 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=9kW6zFK5E5c
    Determining whether 3 vectors are linearly independent and/or span R3

  18. 19

    Linear Subspaces

    by Khan Academy 218,624 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=pMFv6liWK4M
    Introduction to linear subspaces of Rn

  19. 20

    Linear Algebra: Basis of a Subspace

    by Khan Academy 227,874 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=zntNi3-ybfQ
    Understanding the definition of a basis of a subspace

  20. 21

    Vector Dot Product and Vector Length

    by Khan Academy 122,585 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=WNuIhXo39_k
    Definitions of the vector dot product and vector length

  21. 22

    Proving Vector Dot Product Properties

    by Khan Academy 68,033 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=rVQ3G9epCjw
    Proving the "associative", "distributive" and "commutative" properties for vector dot products.

  22. 23

    Proof of the Cauchy-Schwarz Inequality

    by Khan Academy 97,770 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=r2PogGDl8_U
    Proof of the Cauchy-Schwarz Inequality

  23. 24

    Linear Algebra: Vector Triangle Inequality

    by Khan Academy 52,407 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=PsNidCBr5II
    Proving the triangle inequality for vectors in Rn

  24. 25

    Defining the angle between vectors

    by Khan Academy 76,150 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=5AWob_z74Ks
    Introducing the idea of an angle between two vectors

  25. 26

    Defining a plane in R3 with a point and normal vector

    by Khan Academy 69,254 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=UJxgcVaNTqY
    Determining the equation for a plane in R3 using a point on the plane and a normal vector

  26. 27

    Linear Algebra: Cross Product Introduction

    by Khan Academy 71,354 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=pJzmiywagfY
    Introduction to the cross product

  27. 28

    Proof: Relationship between cross product and sin of angle

    by Khan Academy 37,889 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=7MKA2QlKvHc
    Proof: Relationship between the cross product and sin of angle between vectors

  28. 29

    Dot and Cross Product Comparison/Intuition

    by Khan Academy 54,118 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=tdwFdzVqito
    Dot and Cross Product Comparison/Intuition

  29. 30

    Matrices: Reduced Row Echelon Form 1

    by Khan Academy 210,977 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=L0CmbneYETs
    Solving a system of linear equations by putting an augmented matrix into reduced row echelon form

  30. 31

    Matrices: Reduced Row Echelon Form 2

    by Khan Academy 76,053 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=lP1DGtZ8Wys
    Another example of solving a system of linear equations by putting an augmented matrix into reduced row echelon form

  31. 32

    Matrices: Reduced Row Echelon Form 3

    by Khan Academy 57,436 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=JVDrlTdzxiI
    And another example of solving a system of linear equations by putting an augmented matrix into reduced row echelon form

  32. 33

    Matrix Vector Products

    by Khan Academy 54,155 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=7Mo4S2wyMg4
    Defining and understanding what it means to take the product of a matrix and a vector

  33. 34

    Introduction to the Null Space of a Matrix

    by Khan Academy 122,202 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=jCwRV1QL_Xs
    Showing that the Null Space of a Matrix is a valid Subspace

  34. 35

    Null Space 2: Calculating the null space of a matrix

    by Khan Academy 129,990 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=qvyboGryeA8
    Calculating the null space of a matrix

  35. 36

    Null Space 3: Relation to Linear Independence

    by Khan Academy 56,771 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=vFctYRhK2M0
    Understanding how the null space of a matrix relates to the linear independence of its column vectors

  36. 37

    Column Space of a Matrix

    by Khan Academy 73,704 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=st6D5OdFV9M
    Introduction to the column space of a matrix

  37. 38

    Null Space and Column Space Basis

    by Khan Academy 116,104 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=_uTAdf_AsfQ
    Figuring out the null space and a basis of a column space for a matrix

  38. 39

    Visualizing a Column Space as a Plane in R3

    by Khan Academy 29,672 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=EGNlXtjYABw
    Determining the planar equation for a column space in R3

  39. 40

    Proof: Any subspace basis has same number of elements

    by Khan Academy 25,019 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=Zn2K8UIT8r4
    Proof: Any subspace basis has same number of elements

  40. 41

    Dimension of the Null Space or Nullity

    by Khan Academy 62,474 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=abYAUqs_n6I
    Dimension of the Null Space or Nullity

  41. 42

    Dimension of the Column Space or Rank

    by Khan Academy 70,673 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=JUgrBkPteTg
    Dimension of the Column Space or Rank

  42. 43

    Showing relation between basis cols and pivot cols

    by Khan Academy 22,408 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=BfVjTOjvI30
    Showing that linear independence of pivot columns implies linear independence of the corresponding columns in the original equation

  43. 44

    Showing that the candidate basis does span C(A)

    by Khan Academy 17,192 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=CkQOCnLWPUA
    Showing that just the columns of A associated with the pivot columns of rref(A) do indeed span C(A).

  44. 45

    A more formal understanding of functions

    by Khan Academy 81,888 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=BQMyeQOLvpg
    A more formal understanding of functions

  45. 46

    Vector Transformations

    by Khan Academy 83,643 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=gAbadNuQEjI
    Introduction to the notion of vector transformations

  46. 47

    Linear Transformations

    by Khan Academy 196,103 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=4PCktDZJH8E
    Introduction to linear transformations

  47. 48

    Matrix Vector Products as Linear Transformations

    by Khan Academy 75,330 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=ondmopWLiEg
    Matrix Vector Products as Linear Transformations

  48. 49

    Linear Transformations as Matrix Vector Products

    by Khan Academy 94,621 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=PErhLkQcpZ8
    Showing how ANY linear transformation can be represented as a matrix vector product

  49. 50

    Image of a subset under a transformation

    by Khan Academy 38,187 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=MIAmN5kgp3k
    Exploring what happens to a subset of the domain under a transformation

  50. 51

    im(T): Image of a Transformation

    by Khan Academy 45,400 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=hZ827mfh1Jo
    Showing that the image of a subspace under a transformation is also a subspace. Definition of the image of a Transformation.

  51. 52

    Preimage of a set

    by Khan Academy 21,400 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=zVsGtU8lIWs
    Definition of preimage of a set

  52. 53

    Preimage and Kernel Example

    by Khan Academy 45,495 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=6yrPU8rYOhs
    Example involving the preimage of a set under a transformation. Definition of kernel of a transformation.

  53. 54

    Sums and Scalar Multiples of Linear Transformations

    by Khan Academy 18,668 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=wHuY97vss18
    Sums and Scalar Multiples of Linear Transformations. Definitions of matrix addition and scalar multiplication.

  54. 55

    More on Matrix Addition and Scalar Multiplication

    by Khan Academy 21,005 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=Z19-ObbmHJE
    More on Matrix Addition and Scalar Multiplication

  55. 56

    Linear Transformation Examples: Scaling and Reflections

    by Khan Academy 61,015 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=qkfODKmZ-x4
    Creating scaling and reflection transformation matrices (which are diagonal)

  56. 57

    Linear Transformation Examples: Rotations in R2

    by Khan Academy 57,238 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=lPWfIq5DzqI
    Linear Transformation Examples: Rotations in R2

  57. 58

    Rotation in R3 around the X-axis

    by Khan Academy 35,036 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=gkyuLPzfDV0
    Construction a rotation transformation in R3

  58. 59

    Unit Vectors

    by Khan Academy 69,043 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=lQn7fksaDq0
    What unit vectors are and how to construct them

  59. 60

    Introduction to Projections

    by Khan Academy 58,020 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=27vT-NWuw0M
    Determining the projection of a vector on s line

  60. 61

    Expressing a Projection on to a line as a Matrix Vector prod

    by Khan Academy 29,453 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=JK-8XNIoAkI
    Expressing a Projection on to a line as a Matrix Vector prod

  61. 62

    Compositions of Linear Transformations 1

    by Khan Academy 31,204 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=f_DTiXZpb8M
    Introduction to compositions of Linear Transformations

  62. 63

    Compositions of Linear Transformations 2

    by Khan Academy 15,949 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=BuqcKpe5ZQs
    Providing the motivation for definition of matrix products

  63. 64

    Linear Algebra: Matrix Product Examples

    by Khan Academy 24,848 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=x1z0hOyjapU
    Example of taking the product of two matrices

  64. 65

    Matrix Product Associativity

    by Khan Academy 10,961 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=Hhc96U_HvQE
    Showing that matrix products are associative

  65. 66

    Distributive Property of Matrix Products

    by Khan Academy 11,108 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=oMWTMj78cwc
    Showing that matrix products exhibit the distributive property

  66. 67

    Linear Algebra: Introduction to the inverse of a function

    by Khan Academy 51,920 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=-eAzhBZgq28
    Introduction to the inverse of a function

  67. 68

    Proof: Invertibility implies a unique solution to f(x)=y

    by Khan Academy 17,658 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=7GEUgRcnfVE
    Proof: Invertibility implies a unique solution to f(x)=y for all y in co-domain of f.

  68. 69

    Surjective (onto) and Injective (one-to-one) functions

    by Khan Academy 90,136 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=xKNX8BUWR0g
    Introduction to surjective and injective functions

  69. 70

    Relating invertibility to being onto and one-to-one

    by Khan Academy 20,183 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=QIU1daMN8fw
    Relating invertibility to being onto (surjective) and one-to-one (injective)

  70. 71

    Determining whether a transformation is onto

    by Khan Academy 27,597 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=eR8vEdJTvd0
    Determining whether a transformation is onto

  71. 72

    Linear Algebra: Exploring the solution set of Ax=b

    by Khan Academy 38,018 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=1PsNIzUJPkc
    Exploring the solution set of Ax=b (non homogeneous equations)

  72. 73

    Linear Algebra: Matrix condition for one-to-one trans

    by Khan Academy 25,699 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=M3FuL9qKTBs
    Showing that the rank of the of an mxn transformation matrix has to be an for the transformation to be one-to-one (injective)

  73. 74

    Linear Algebra: Simplifying conditions for invertibility

    by Khan Academy 15,892 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=Yz2OosyMTmY
    Showing that a transformation is invertible if and only if rref(A) is equal to the identity matrix

  74. 75

    Linear Algebra: Showing that Inverses are Linear

    by Khan Academy 10,583 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=mr9Tow8hpCg
    Showing that inverse transformations are also linear

  75. 76

    Linear Algebra: Deriving a method for determining inverses

    by Khan Academy 24,559 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=6DpzCKJBsz0
    Determining a method for constructing inverse transformation matrices

  76. 77

    Linear Algebra: Example of Finding Matrix Inverse

    by Khan Academy 44,394 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=r9aTLTN16V4
    Example of calculating the inverse of a matrix

  77. 78

    Linear Algebra: Formula for 2x2 inverse

    by Khan Academy 28,554 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=eEUK_ThrHuQ
    Figuring out the formula for a 2x2 matrix. Defining the determinant.

  78. 79

    Linear Algebra: 3x3 Determinant

    by Khan Academy 85,753 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=0c7dt2SQfLw
    Determinants: Finding the determinant of a 3x3 matrix

  79. 80

    Linear Algebra: nxn Determinant

    by Khan Academy 68,503 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=H9BWRYJNIv4
    Defining the determinant for nxn matrices. An exampled of a 4x4 determinant.

  80. 81

    Linear Algebra: Determinants along other rows/cols

    by Khan Academy 22,736 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=nu87kfmwNfU
    Finding the determinant by going along other rows or columns

  81. 82

    Linear Algebra: Rule of Sarrus of Determinants

    by Khan Academy 26,238 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=4xFIi0JF2AM
    A alternative "short cut" for calculating 3x3 determinants (Rule of Sarrus)

  82. 83

    Linear Algebra: Determinant when row multiplied by scalar

    by Khan Academy 16,921 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=32rdijPB-rA
    The determinant when a row is multiplied by a scalar

  83. 84

    Linear Algebra: (correction) scalar muliplication of row

    by Khan Academy 8,899 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=WY6QG0mZ7uQ
    Correction of last video showing that the determinant when one row is multiplied by a scalar is equal to the scalar times the determinant

  84. 85

    Linear Algebra: Determinant when row is added

    by Khan Academy 12,408 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=VrB3LaSD_uo
    The determinant when one matrix has a row that is the sum of the rows of other matrices (and every other term is identical in the 3 matrices)

  85. 86

    Linear Algebra: Duplicate Row Determinant

    by Khan Academy 8,972 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=gYv8sttBIqs
    Determinant of a matrix with duplicate rows

  86. 87

    Linear Algebra: Determinant after row operations

    by Khan Academy 15,960 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=kpG7xySkivg
    What happens to the determinant when we perform a row operation

  87. 88

    Linear Algebra: Upper Triangular Determinant

    by Khan Academy 26,858 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=VX7K8iqoiRc
    The determinant of an upper triangular matrix

  88. 89

    Linear Algebra: Simpler 4x4 determinant

    by Khan Academy 92,881 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=QV0jsTiobU4
    Calculating a 4x4 determinant by putting in in upper triangular form first.

  89. 90

    Linear Algebra: Determinant and area of a parallelogram

    by Khan Academy 23,977 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=n-S63_goDFg
    Realizing that the determinant of a 2x2 matrix is equal to the area of the parallelogram defined by the column vectors of the matrix

  90. 91

    Linear Algebra: Determinant as Scaling Factor

    by Khan Academy 15,233 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=g3MqSdO5Ubc
    Viewing the determinant of the transformation matrix as a scaling factor of regions

  91. 92

    Linear Algebra: Transpose of a Matrix

    by Khan Academy 54,141 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=2t0003_sxtU
    Transpose of a matrix

  92. 93

    Linear Algebra: Determinant of Transpose

    by Khan Academy 20,885 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=x-GV2v0dRNE
    Proof by induction that transposing a matrix does not change its determinant

  93. 94

    Linear Algebra: Transpose of a Matrix Product

    by Khan Academy 13,272 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=UdHgWK13x5I
    Taking the transpose of the product of two matrices

  94. 95

    Linear Algebra: Transposes of sums and inverses

    by Khan Academy 10,449 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=Br_8t58mdeI
    Transposes of sums and inverses

  95. 96

    Linear Algebra: Transpose of a Vector

    by Khan Academy 15,115 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=lSoaMCNKfAg
    Transpose of a column vector. Matrix-matrix products using vectors

  96. 97

    Linear Algebra: Rowspace and Left Nullspace

    by Khan Academy 25,283 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=qBfc57x_RSg
    Rowspace and Left Nullspace

  97. 98

    Lin Alg: Visualizations of Left Nullspace and Rowspace

    by Khan Academy 10,151 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=GW8ZPjGlk24
    Relationship between left nullspace, rowspace, column space and nullspace.

  98. 99

    Linear Algebra: Orthogonal Complements

    by Khan Academy 58,003 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=QOTjdgmNqlg
    Orthogonal Complements as subspaces.

  99. 100

    Linear Algebra: Rank(A) = Rank(transpose of A)

    by Khan Academy 31,010 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=tqqVOWm9YsU
    Rank(A) = Rank(transpose of A)

  100. 101

    Linear Algebra: dim(V) + dim(orthogonoal complelent of V)=n

    by Khan Academy 15,790 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=pGhBfkBqok0
    Showing that if V is a subspace of Rn, then dim(V) + dim(V's orthogonal complement) = n

  101. 102

    Lin Alg: Representing vectors in Rn using subspace members

    by Khan Academy 12,503 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=M6lFqkqvUgo
    Showing that any member of Rn can be represented as a unique sum of a vector in subspace V and a vector in the orthogonal complement of V.

  102. 103

    Lin Alg: Orthogonal Complement of the Orthogonal Complement

    by Khan Academy 14,638 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=zlI8mx8Hc8o
    Finding that the orthogonal complement of the orthogonal complement of V is V

  103. 104

    Lin Alg: Orthogonal Complement of the Nullspace

    by Khan Academy 11,667 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=LE_aQAur7nI
    The orthogonal complement of the nullspace and left nullspace.

  104. 105

    Lin Alg: Unique rowspace solution to Ax=b

    by Khan Academy 10,097 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=czIYvs9zj2g
    Showing that, for any b that is in the column space of A, there is a unique member of the row space that is the "smallest" solution to Ax=b

  105. 106

    Linear Alg: Rowspace Solution to Ax=b example

    by Khan Academy 13,107 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=qdf2CuMGdKs
    Visualizing the rowspace solution to Ax=b

  106. 107

    Linear Alg: Rowspace Solution to Ax=b example

    by Khan Academy 13,107 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=qdf2CuMGdKs
    Visualizing the rowspace solution to Ax=b

  107. 108

    Lin Alg: Showing that A-transpose x A is invertible

    by Khan Academy 13,359 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=ESSMQH6Y5OA
    Showing that (transpose of A)(A) is invertible if A has linearly independent columns

  108. 109

    Linear Algebra: Projections onto Subspaces

    by Khan Academy 30,672 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=5B8XluiqdHM
    Projections onto subspaces

  109. 110

    Linear Alg: Visualizing a projection onto a plane

    by Khan Academy 16,190 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=uWbZlJURkfA
    Visualizing a projection onto a plane. Showing that the old and new definitions of projections aren't that different.

  110. 111

    Lin Alg: A Projection onto a Subspace is a Linear Transforma

    by Khan Academy 12,239 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=cTyNpXB92bQ
    Showing that a projection onto a subspace is a linear transformation

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    Linear Algebra: Subspace Projection Matrix Example

    by Khan Academy 25,220 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=QTcSBB3uVP0
    Example of a transformation matrix for a projection onto a subspace

  112. 113

    Lin Alg: Another Example of a Projection Matrix

    by Khan Academy 13,300 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=XhCSHu6dHb8
    Figuring out the transformation matrix for a projection onto a subspace by figuring out the matrix for the projection onto the subspace's orthogonal complement first

  113. 114

    Linear Alg: Projection is closest vector in subspace

    by Khan Academy 11,216 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=b269qpILOpk
    Showing that the projection of x onto a subspace is the closest vector in the subspace to x

  114. 115

    Linear Algebra: Least Squares Approximation

    by Khan Academy 55,333 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=MC7l96tW8V8
    The least squares approximation for otherwise unsolvable equations

  115. 116

    Linear Algebra: Least Squares Examples

    by Khan Academy 50,045 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=8mAZYv5wIcE
    An example using the least squares solution to an unsolvable system

  116. 117

    Linear Algebra: Another Least Squares Example

    by Khan Academy 25,961 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=QkepM8Vv3kw
    Using least squares approximation to fit a line to points

  117. 118

    Linear Algebra: Coordinates with Respect to a Basis

    by Khan Academy 42,924 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=uvgru6FcyxU
    Understanding alternate coordinate systems

  118. 119

    Linear Algebra: Change of Basis Matrix

    by Khan Academy 84,806 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=1j5WnqwMdCk
    Using a change of basis matrix to get us from one coordinate system to another.

  119. 120

    Lin Alg: Invertible Change of Basis Matrix

    by Khan Academy 20,392 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=meibWcbGqt4
    Using an invertible change of basis matrix to go between different coordinate systems

  120. 121

    Lin Alg: Transformation Matrix with Respect to a Basis

    by Khan Academy 55,734 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=PiuhTj0zCf4
    Finding the transformation matrix with respect to a non-standard basis

  121. 122

    Lin Alg: Alternate Basis Tranformation Matrix Example

    by Khan Academy 21,099 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=lCRGNykWqFI
    Example of finding the transformation matrix for an alternate basis

  122. 123

    Lin Alg: Alternate Basis Tranformation Matrix Example Part 2

    by Khan Academy 12,109 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=EyORbCPUAd4
    Showing that the transformation matrix with respect to basis B actually works. Brief point on why someone would want to operate in a different basis to begin with.

  123. 124

    Lin Alg: Changing coordinate systems to help find a transformation matrix

    by Khan Academy 24,283 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=K_na_j1Msfg
    Changing our coordinate system to find the transformation matrix with respect to standard coordinates

  124. 125

    Linear Algebra: Introduction to Orthonormal Bases

    by Khan Academy 51,056 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=7BFx8pt2aTQ
    Looking at sets and bases that are orthonormal -- or where all the vectors have length 1 and are orthogonal to each other.

  125. 126

    Linear Algebra: Coordinates with respect to orthonormal bases

    by Khan Academy 17,904 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=SWbis2zWIvo
    Seeing that orthonormal bases make for good coordinate systems

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    Lin Alg: Projections onto subspaces with orthonormal bases

    by Khan Academy 15,505 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=we829K4NOq8
    Projections onto subspaces with orthonormal bases

  127. 128

    Lin Alg: Finding projection onto subspace with orthonormal basis example

    by Khan Academy 15,865 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=SUoqA9srY1Q
    Example of finding the transformation matrix for the projection onto a subspace with an orthonormal basis

  128. 129

    Lin Alg: Example using orthogonal change-of-basis matrix to find transformation matrix

    by Khan Academy 16,495 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=gfVY7cW7VLQ
    Example using orthogonal change-of-basis matrix to find transformation matrix

  129. 130

    Lin Alg: Orthogonal matrices preserve angles and lengths

    by Khan Academy 16,944 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=yDwIfYjKEeo
    Showing that orthogonal matrices preserve angles and lengths

  130. 131

    Linear Algebra: The Gram-Schmidt Process

    by Khan Academy 74,541 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=rHonltF77zI
    Finding an orthonormal basis for a subspace using the Gram-Schmidt Process

  131. 132

    Linear Algebra: Gram-Schmidt Process Example

    by Khan Academy 48,950 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=tu1GPtfsQ7M
    Using Gram-Schmidt to find an orthonormal basis for a plane in R3

  132. 133

    Linear Algebra: Gram-Schmidt example with 3 basis vectors

    by Khan Academy 39,679 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=ZRRG386v6DI
    Gram-Schmidt example with 3 basis vectors

  133. 134

    Linear Algebra: Introduction to Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors

    by Khan Academy 241,650 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=PhfbEr2btGQ
    What eigenvectors and eigenvalues are and why they are interesting

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    Linear Algebra: Proof of formula for determining Eigenvalues

    by Khan Academy 66,667 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=rfm0wQObxjk
    Proof of formula for determining Eigenvalues

  135. 136

    Linear Algebra: Example solving for the eigenvalues of a 2x2 matrix

    by Khan Academy 122,147 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=pZ6mMVEE89g
    Example solving for the eigenvalues of a 2x2 matrix

  136. 137

    Linear Algebra: Finding Eigenvectors and Eigenspaces example

    by Khan Academy 197,007 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=3-xfmbdzkqc
    Finding the eigenvectors and eigenspaces of a 2x2 matrix

  137. 138

    Linear Algebra: Eigenvalues of a 3x3 matrix

    by Khan Academy 196,808 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=11dNghWC4HI
    Determining the eigenvalues of a 3x3 matrix

  138. 139

    Linear Algebra: Eigenvectors and Eigenspaces for a 3x3 matrix

    by Khan Academy 142,706 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=3Md5KCCQX-0
    Eigenvectors and eigenspaces for a 3x3 matrix

  139. 140

    Linear Algebra: Showing that an eigenbasis makes for good coordinate systems

    by Khan Academy 33,915 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=C2PC9185gIw
    Showing that an eigenbasis makes for good coordinate systems

  140. 141

    Vector Triple Product Expansion (very optional)

    by Khan Academy 25,975 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=b7JTVLc_aMk
    A shortcut for having to evaluate the cross product of three vectors

  141. 142

    Normal vector from plane equation

    by Khan Academy 64,827 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=gw-4wltP5tY
    Figuring out a normal vector to a plane from its equation

  142. 143

    Point distance to plane

    by Khan Academy 41,953 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=7rIFO8hct9g
    Distance between a point and a plane in three dimensions

  143. 144

    Distance Between Planes

    by Khan Academy 36,695 views

    Learn more: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=v8plb6V8BQo
    2010 IIT JEE Paper 1 Problem 51 Distance Between Planes

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