Microbiology and Immunology

MI 18SC. The Coming Influenza Pandemic. 2 Units.

Examines the H1N1 influenza virus from molecular, clinical, societal, historical, demographic, economic, and political perspectives. Examines the unique genetic, epidemiological, virologic, and pathogenic features of the influenza virus that allow it to continue to reinvent itself and re-emerge on an annual basis. Discusses past successes and failures, the current status of influenza, and the critical factors to consider to avert the coming influenza pandemic. Explores whether or not the lessons learned from influenza can be applied to other diseases. Includes guest lectures, field trips, student presentations.

MI 19SC. Measles and Sneezles and Things That Go Mumps in the Night. 2 Units.

A study of measles (until recently one of the leading causes of death in the world and the most contagious disease agent ever studied) and its relatives in the paramyxovirus family, including mumps, respiratory syncytial virus, hendra, and nipah, as well as a number of important animal pathogens. Investigates the nature of viruses using the paramyxoviruses as a paradigm. Topics include: the history of this devastating group of pathogens; basic aspects of paramyxovirus taxonomy and molecular virology; viral epidemiology, emergence, and eradication, including the pioneering studies of Peter Panum; the use, misuse, and abuse of science; the interactions between pathogen and host and how this interplay leads to disease, including the appearance of a bizarre brain complication with 100% mortality; the politics and economics of infection; how a putative link between the measles vaccine and autism entered the public eye, and how it refuses to disappear despite overwhelming evidence to the contrary. Field trips, guest speakers, student presentations. No science background necessary.

MI 70Q. Photographing Nature. 3 Units.

Utilizes the idiom of photography to learn about nature, enhance observation, and explore scientific concepts. Builds upon the pioneering photographic work of Eadweard J. Muybridge on human and animal locomotion. A secondary goal is to learn the grammar, syntax, composition, and style of nature photography to enhance the use of this medium as a form of scientific communication and also to explore the themes of change across time and space. Scientific themes to be explored include: taxonomy, habitat preservation, climate change; species diversity; survival and reproductive strategies; ecological niches and coevolution, carrying capacity and sustainability, population densities, predation, and predator-prey relationships, open-space management, the physics of photography. Extensive use of field trips and class critque.

MI 115B. The Vaccine Revolution. 6 Units.

Advanced seminar. Human aspects of viral disease, focusing on recent discoveries in vaccine development and emerging infections. Journal club format: students choose articles from primary scientific literature, write formal summaries, and synthesize them into a literature review. Emphasis is on analysis, experimental design, and interpretation of data. Oral presentations. Enrollment limited to 8. Prerequisite: prior enrollment in HUMBIO 155H Humans and Viruses or MI 116, The Human Virosphere.

MI 115C. Human Virology Inquiry Project. 2-3 Units.

Advanced topics in human virology focusing on current issues in the field. Topics will include: clinical features of infection, epidemiology, molecular virology, drug development and policy, vaccinology, pathogenesis, host modulation, emerging infection, and media representations of viral infection. Student presentations and discussion in a small group setting. Prerequisite: prior consent of instructor.

MI 116. The Human Virosphere. 5 Units.

Focus on interaction of humans and viruses from a number of perspectives: historical, cultural, political, and demographic. Organismal, molecular biological, biochemical, human and viral interactions; clinical aspects of viral disease, epidemiology and risk factors, public and international health, aspects of virology including emerging viruses and biological weapons. Case studies involving particular viruses: human herpes viruses, retroviruses, oncogenic viruses; vaccination and disease eradication, evolution of viruses as tools for research and therapy. Emphasis on general principles of biology and matters of decision making policy. Prerequisite: Biology core, Human Biology core, or consent of instructor.
Same as: MI 216

MI 120. Bacteria in Health and Disease. 3 Units.

Enrollment limited to junior and senior undergraduates, graduate students and medical students. Introduces students to the bacteria that live in and on humans and, in some cases, can cause disease and sometimes death. Topics include the biology of the interaction of the simple microbe with complex human biology and the factors that determine whether or not we coexist relatively peacefully, suffer from overt disease, or succumb to the bacterial onslaught.
Same as: BIO 120

MI 155A. Humans and Viruses I. 3 Units.

Introduction to human virology integrating epidemiology, molecular biology, clinical sciences, social sciences, history, and the arts. Emphasis is on host pathogen interactions and policy issues. Topics: polio and vaccination, smallpox and eradication, yellow fever and history, influenza and genomic diversity, rubella and childhood infections, adenovirus and viral morphology, ebola and emerging infection, lassa fever and immune response. Prerequisite: Concurrent enrollment in MI 155B or HUMBIO 155V.
Same as: HUMBIO 155H

MI 155B. Humans and Viruses II. 3 Units.

Introduction to human virology integrating epidemiology, molecular biology, clinical sciences, social sciences, history, and the arts. Emphasis on host pathogen interactions and policy issues. Topics: measles and viral epidemiology, rotavirus and world health, rabies and infections of the brain, HPV and cancer -causing viruses, herpes simplex and viral latency, CMV and viral teratogenesis, retrovirology and endogenous viral sequences, HIV and viral treatement, viral hepatitis and chronic infections, prions and diseases of life style. Prerequisite: Concurrent enrollment with MI155A or HUMBIO 155H.
Same as: HUMBIO 155V

MI 155C. Human and Viruses Part III. 3 Units.

Comprehensive survey of human virology integrating epidemiology, molecular biology, clinical sciences, social sciences, history, and the arts. Emphasis on host pathogen interactions and policy issues. Prerequisite: prior enrollment MI 155A/HUMBIO 155H and MI 155B/HUMBIO 155V and concurrent enrollment with MI 155D.
Same as: HUMBIO 155C

MI 155D. Human and Viruses Part IV. 3 Units.

Comprehensive survey of human virology integrating epidemiology, molecular biology, clinical sciences, social sciences, history, and the arts. Emphasis on host pathogen interactions and policy issues. Prerequisite: prior enrollment in MI 155A/HUMBIO 155H and MI 155B/HUMBIO 155V and concurrent enrollment with MI155C.
Same as: HUMBIO 155D

MI 155N. Viruses in the News. 3 Units.

Viruses include some of the most devastating and ubiquitous causes of human disease as illustrated by the recent Ebola and Zika epidemics. In books, movies, newspapers, and electronic feeds, viruses continue to make the news on a daily basis. Using contemporary media, talks by content experts, model building, interactive sessions and field trips, we will explore contemporary issues related to the essential nature of viruses, what makes them unique, key molecular processes, breakthroughs in prevention and treatment, current efforts in trying to eradicate viruses and cultural iconography pertaining to viruses. In short, this seminar intended to go viral. Humans and Viruses or consent of instructor required.

MI 185. Topics in Microbiology. 3 Units.

For advanced undergraduates and graduate students. 1/3rd of the course consists of lectures by the instructor/colleagues. These cover, at an advanced level, with emphasis on bacteria, topics not covered elsewhere, e.g., phylogeny, molecular regulation, and bioenergetics. The remainder of the course involves interactive discussion of a topic of current interest in microbiology, chosen with student participation, and includes student presentations. (The topic last year was: Gene therapy.) Satisfies Central Menu Area 3 for BIO majors. Prerequisites: CHEM 31X, Biology core.
Same as: MI 285

MI 198. Directed Reading in Microbiology and Immunology. 1-15 Unit.

Fields of study are decided in consultation with sponsoring professor. Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

MI 199. Undergraduate Research. 1-18 Unit.

Investigations sponsored by individual faculty members. Possible fields: microbial molecular biology and physiology, microbial pathogenicity, immunology, virology, and molecular parasitology. Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

MI 209. Advanced Pathogenesis of Bacteria, Viruses, and Eukaryotic Parasites: Part I. 4 Units.

For graduate students and advanced undergraduates; required of first-year graduate students in Microbiology and Immunology. Emphasis is on mechanisms to establish infection in the host and responses of the host to infection. Current literature. Prerequisite: background in biochemistry and molecular biology.

MI 210. Advanced Pathogenesis of Bacteria, Viruses, and Eukaryotic Parasites. 4 Units.

For graduate and medical students, and advanced undergraduates; required of first-year graduate students in Microbiology and Immunology. The molecular mechanisms by which microorganisms invade animal and human hosts, express their genomes, interact with macromolecular pathways in the infected host, and induce disease. Current literature. Undergraduate students interested in taking this class must meet with the instructor to obtain approval before enrolling.

MI 214. Immunology: Homeostasis and Disease. 3 Units.

We focus on how our bodies function as systems that live peacefully with helpful microbes and their own cells but must defend themselves against pathogens and cancer and sometimes make mistakes which lead to autoimmunity and allergy. We will cove the immune system and its interactions with other physiological systems (e.g., immune-nuero axis). Topics covered include: innate immune receptors; pathogen killing mechanisms; avoidance vs. resistance vs. disease tolerance; trained immunity; metabolism; antigen-presenting cells; cellular immune responses (innate and adaptive) against viruses, bacteria and parasites; cancer, autoimmunity and allergies; immunotherapies and vaccines.

MI 215. Principles of Biological Technologies. 3 Units.

The principles underlying novel as well as commonly utilized techniques to answer biological questions. Lectures and primary literature critiques on topics such as fluorescence microscopy, including applications such as FRET and single-cell analysis; human and murine genetic analysis; FACS; proteomics and analysis of noncoding RNAs. Class participation is emphasized. Prerequisite: biochemistry. Required of first-year graduate students in Microbiology and Immunology and the Immunology program.

MI 215T. Teaching Virology. 1-5 Unit.

This course focuses on the pedagogy surrounding virology instruction. The course focuses on educational principles and uses a variety of formats including lectures, discussion, with emphasis on hands-on experience in the form of a teaching practicum. Topics includes syllabus organization, problem set, exam writing, grading rubrics, active learning, model building, stimulation discussion , the use of online media and evaluation.

MI 216. The Human Virosphere. 5 Units.

Focus on interaction of humans and viruses from a number of perspectives: historical, cultural, political, and demographic. Organismal, molecular biological, biochemical, human and viral interactions; clinical aspects of viral disease, epidemiology and risk factors, public and international health, aspects of virology including emerging viruses and biological weapons. Case studies involving particular viruses: human herpes viruses, retroviruses, oncogenic viruses; vaccination and disease eradication, evolution of viruses as tools for research and therapy. Emphasis on general principles of biology and matters of decision making policy. Prerequisite: Biology core, Human Biology core, or consent of instructor.
Same as: MI 116

MI 218. Computational Analysis of Biological Information: Introduction to Python for Biologists. 2 Units.

Computational tools for processing, interpretation, communication, and archiving of biological information. Emphasis is on sequence and digital microscopy/image analysis. Intended for biological and clinical trainees without substantial programming experience.
Same as: GENE 218, PATH 218

MI 221. Gut Microbiota in Health and Disease. 2-3 Units.

Preference to graduate students. Focus is on the human gut microbiota. Students enrolling for 3 units receive instruction on computational approaches to analyze microbiome data and must complete a related project.
Same as: BIOE 221G, GENE 208

MI 225. Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers. 4 Units.

Explores four families of human viruses (falviviruses, filoviruses, bunyaviruses, arenaviruses) that share certain clinical and pathological features. These families used to illustrate more general features of human virology ranging from molecular virology, viral replication cycles, transmission, clinical presentation, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, epidemiology, public health responses, public policy, economics. After general introduction, each family will be presented, followed by sessions focused on comparisons and integration. Specific case studies focus on current events. Student assignments include problem sets, model-building, blogging, and comprehensive examinations. In-class sessions will include interactive lectures, guest speakers, students presentations, discussions.

MI 233. The Biology of Small Modulatory RNAs. 2 Units.

Open to graduate and medical students. Explores recent progress and unsolved questions in the field of RNA intereference and microRNA biology. Students are required to read assigned primary literature before each class and actively participate in guided discussions on related technical and conceptual issues during class meetings. Assignments include critiques of assigned papers and developing a novel research proposal.
Same as: GENE 233, PATH 233

MI 234. Fundamentals of RNA Biology. 2 Units.

For graduate or medical students and (if space allows) to active participants from other segments of the Stanford Community (e.g., TGR students); undergraduates by instructor consent. Fundamental issues of RNA biology, with the goal of setting a foundation for students to explore the expanding world of RNA-based regulation. Each week a topic is covered by a faculty lecture and journal club presentations by students.
Same as: GENE 234, PATH 234

MI 245. Computational Modeling of Microbial Communities. 4 Units.

Provides biologists with basic computational tools and knowledge to confront large datasets in a quantitative manner. Students learn basic programming skills focused on Matlab, but also are introduced to Perl and Python. Topics include: image analysis, bioinformatics algorithms, reaction diffusion modeling, Monte Carlo algorithms, and population dynamics. Students apply computational skills to a miniature research project studying the human gut microbiota.
Same as: BIOE 115

MI 250. Frontiers in Microbiology and Immunology. 1 Unit.

Required of first- and second-year students in Microbiology and Immunology. How to evaluate biological research. Held in conjunction with the Microbiology and Immunology Friday noon seminar series. Before the seminar, students and faculty discuss one or more papers from the speaker's primary research literature on a related topic. After the seminar, students meet informally with the speaker to discuss their research.

MI 285. Topics in Microbiology. 3 Units.

For advanced undergraduates and graduate students. 1/3rd of the course consists of lectures by the instructor/colleagues. These cover, at an advanced level, with emphasis on bacteria, topics not covered elsewhere, e.g., phylogeny, molecular regulation, and bioenergetics. The remainder of the course involves interactive discussion of a topic of current interest in microbiology, chosen with student participation, and includes student presentations. (The topic last year was: Gene therapy.) Satisfies Central Menu Area 3 for BIO majors. Prerequisites: CHEM 31X, Biology core.
Same as: MI 185

MI 299. Directed Reading in Microbiology and Immunology. 1-18 Unit.

Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

MI 370. Medical Scholars Research. 4-18 Units.

Provides an opportunity for student and faculty interaction, as well as academic credit and financial support, to medical students who undertake original research. Enrollment is limited to students with approved projects.

MI 399. Graduate Research. 1-18 Unit.

Students who have completed the necessary foundation courses undertake investigations in general bacteriology, bacterial physiology and ecology, bacterial genetics, microbial pathogenicity, immunology, parasitology, or virology sponsored by individual faculty members. Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

MI 801. TGR Master's Project. 0 Units.

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MI 802. TGR PhD Dissertation. 0 Units.

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