Protocols involving the use of rDNA/sNA for gene transfer into humans, whether done directly in the subject or in vitro and subsequently put into the subject, must be submitted to both the APB and the Stanford University Institutional Review Board (IRB) for Medical Human Subjects. Current Federal Regulations call for submission of the protocol to the Recombinant Advisory Committee (RAC) and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) prior to submission to the local institution’s panels. For additional information concerning Stanford University’s IRB panels, please access the panel’s web site at http://researchcompliance.stanford.edu/.