Ranulf de Glanvill
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Ranulf de Glanvill
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| In office 1180 – 1189 |
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| Monarch | Henry II |
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| Preceded by | Richard de Luci |
| Succeeded by | William de Mandeville Hugh de Puiset |
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sheriff of Lancashire
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| In office 1173 – ? |
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| Monarch | Henry II |
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sheriff of Yorkshire
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| In office 1163 – 1170 |
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sheriff of Yorkshire
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| In office 1175 – ? |
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justice of the king's court
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| In office 1176 – 1180 |
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| Died | 1190 Acre, Palestine |
| Relations | Hubert Walter, nephew |
Ranulf de Glanvill (sometimes written Glanvil or Glanville) (died 1190) was chief justiciar of England during the reign of King Henry II and reputed author of a book on English law.
He was born at Stratford in Suffolk, but the year of his birth is unknown. There is little information about his early life. He is first heard of as sheriff of Yorkshire from 1163 to 1170. In 1173 he became sheriff of Lancashire and custodian of the honour of Richmond. In 1174 he was one of the English leaders at the Battle of Alnwick, and it was to him that the king of Scotland, William the Lion, surrendered. In 1175 he was reappointed sheriff of Yorkshire, in 1176 he became justice of the king's court and a justice itinerant in the northern circuit, and in 1180 Chief Justiciar of England.[1] It was with his assistance that Henry II completed his famous judicial reforms, though many had been carried out before he came into office. He became the king's right-hand man, and during Henry's frequent absences was in effect regent of England.
After the death of Henry in 1189, Glanvill was removed from his office by Richard I on 17 September 1189[1] and imprisoned until he had paid a ransom, according to one authority, of £15,000. Shortly after obtaining his freedom he took the cross, and he died at the siege of Acre in 1190. Perhaps at the instigation of Henry II, Glanvill wrote or oversaw the writing of the Tractatus de legibus et consuetudinibus regni Angliae, a practical treatise on the forms of procedure in the king's court. As the source of our knowledge regarding the earliest form of the curia regis, and for the information it affords regarding ancient customs and laws, it is of great value to the student of English history. It is now generally agreed that the work of Glanvill is of earlier date than the Scottish law book known from its first words as Regiam Majestatem, which bears a close resemblance to his.
He was the uncle of Hubert Walter, the Chief Justiciar and Lord Chancellor of England under Richard I.[2]
The treatise of Glanvill was first printed in 1554. An English translation, with notes and introduction by John Beames, was published at London in 1812. A French version is found in various manuscripts, but has not yet been printed. The treatise was then edited and translated by G.D.G. Hall for the Oxford University Press 1965.
[edit] Notes
- ^ a b Powicke Handbook of British Chronology p. 69
- ^ British History Online Deans of York accessed on September 10, 2007
[edit] References
- British History Online Deans of York accessed on September 10, 2007
- Powicke, F. Maurice and E. B. Fryde Handbook of British Chronology 2nd. ed. London:Royal Historical Society 1961
[edit] External links
- Beames, John (1900), A Translation of Glanville, Washington, D. C.: John Byrne & Co., http://books.google.com/books?id=cRUaAAAAYAAJ&printsec=titlepage
- Glanville-Richards, Wm. Urmston S. (1882), Records of the Anglo-Norman House of Glanville from A.D. 1050 to 1880, London: Mitchell and Hughes, http://books.google.com/books?id=KZRpAAAAMAAJ
- Scrutton, Thomas Edward (1885), "Roman Law in Glanvil", The Influence of the Roman Law on the Law of England, Cambridge, pp. 74 – 77
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| Preceded by Richard de Luci |
Chief Justiciar 1180–1189 |
Succeeded by William de Mandeville Hugh de Puiset |
This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica, Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.
