Modeling, Testing, and Research

Mobile Source Emission Factors Research

This page contains information on mobile source emission factors research being conducted by EPA's Office of Transportation and Air Quality, Data and Testing Center. For further information or assistance regarding this web page, you can contact the EPA personnel listed below.

NOTE: You will need Adobe Acrobat Reader, available as a free download, to view some of the files on this page. See EPA's PDF page to learn more about PDF, and for a link to the free Acrobat Reader.

You may also need Zip software, available as a free download.

EPA Reports

Light Duty Vehicles and Trucks Exhaust Emissions Reports

Kansas City PM Characterization Study (PDF) (462 pp, 20MB, EPA420-R-08-009, April 2008) This contractor report summarizes the testing procedures, protocols and some preliminary results from emission testing light-duty vehicles in the Kansas City area.

Kansas City Appendices (Zip) (44MB, April 2008) These are the support documents related to the Kansas City PM Characterization Study. Contact: Carl Fulper at 734-214-4400 or Carl Fulper (fulper.carlr@epa.gov).
Kansas City Emission Database I (Zip) (67MB, April 2008) This is a relational database containing the vehicle information and aggregated emission information on tests conducted during the Kansas City test program. All tables are in the standard database format (*.DBF) which is usable by a variety of software. A user guide to table relationships and table definitions can be found at the link listed below. Contact: Carl Fulper at 734-214-4400 or Carl Fulper (fulper.carlr@epa.gov).
Kansas City Emission Database II (Zip) (97MB, April 2008) This is a relational database contains the all second-by-second data gathered during the Kansas City test program. All tables are in the standard database format (*.DBF) which is usable by a variety of software. A user guide to table relationships and table definitions can be found at the link listed below. Contact: Carl Fulper at 734-214-4400 or Carl Fulper (fulper.carlr@epa.gov).

Analysis of Particulate Matter Emissions from Light-Duty Gasoline Vehicles in Kansas City (PDF) (85 pp, 1.1MB, EPA420-R-08-010, April 2008) This EPA report summarizes and analyzes the PM data from Kansas City PM Characterization Study conducted in 2004 and 2005. It supplements the Eastern Research Group contractor report to EPA which describes the details of the study and provides some preliminary results. Contact: Ed Nam at 734-214-4613 or Ed Nam (nam.ed@epa.gov).

Evaporative Emissions Reports:

Some of the research involved other partners such as the Coordinating Research Council (CRC) and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) for the E-77 suite of laboratory programs. A Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) was formed between the Colorado Department of Public Health and the Environment (CDPHE) which allowed for a synergistic effect on the field research. Contact Connie Hart 734/214-4340, or hart.connie@epa.gov.

Evaporative Emission from In-Use Vehicles: Test Fleet Expansion (CRC E-77-2b) Final Report (PDF) (354 pp, 2.25MB, EPA-420-R-10-025, October 2010) This contractor report summarizes the testing procedures, and some preliminary results from the evaporative testing done at the Automotive Testing Laboratory through Harold Haskew and Associates under contract with Southwest Research Institute. This testing program is a continuation of the testing done in cooperation with the Coordinating Research Council, E-77-2.
Other CRC E-77 reports which were done collaboratively with the EPA and NREL can be found at the CRC website (crcao.com):
- E-77 Vehicle Evaporative Emission Mechanisms: A Pilot Study
- E-77-2 Enhanced Evaporative Emissions
- E-77-2c Study to Determine Evaporative Emission Breakdown, including Permeation Effects and Diurnal Emissions, using E20 Fuels on Aging Enhanced Evaporative Emissions Certified Vehicles
High evaporative emission field studies were conducted by the EPA/OTAQ and our CRADA partner, CDPHE, in Denver over two summers 2008 (Lipan) and 2009 (Ken Caryl). CDPHE continued further study in this area in the summer of 2010.
- Investigation of Techniques for High Evaporative Emissions Vehicle Detection: Denver Summer 2008 Pilot Study at Lipan Street Station (PDF) (111 pp, 1.94MB, EPA-420-R-14-027, September 2014)
- Estimated Summer Hot-Soak Distributions for Denver’s Ken Caryl I/M Station Fleet (PDF) (206 pp, 6.38MB, EPA-420-R-14-008, March 2014)
OBD II information was available from the I/M lanes which was compared to the portable SHED results. A deeper look into State OBD II data for evaporative emission related codes was performed for several States.
- Evaluation of the Effectiveness of On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) Systems in Identifying Fuel Vapor Losses from Light Duty Vehicles (PDF) (42 pp, 1.55MB, EPA-420-R-14-010, March 2014)
- Analysis of Evaporative On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) Readiness and DTCs using I/M Data (PDF) (124 pp, 3.40MB, EPA-420-R-14-007, March 2014)
Multiple Day Diurnal Testing (PDF) (115 pp, 9.83MB, EPA-420-R-14-006, March 2014) was performed by OTAQ for two fuels, 9 and 10 RVP equivalent at Sea Level. Nine vehicles were tested in a SHED over a fourteen day period.
Running Loss Testing
- Running Loss Testing with Implanted Leaks (PDF) (164 pp, 13.7MB, EPA-420-R-14-009, March 2014) was performed at a local laboratory in Michigan. The field studies in Denver and the E-77 programs gave us information on hot soak and diurnal testing for newer technology vehicles over a range of leak sizes, but not for running loss emissions.
- Fuel Tank Temperature Profile Development for Highway Driving (PDF) (35 pp, 4.91MB, EPA-420-R-14-026, October 2014) on five representative vehicles. The need for other operating cycles is required by more sophisticated modal models.

Nonroad Reports

Populations, Activity and Emissions of Diesel Noroad Equipment in EPA Region 7 (PDF) (231 pp, 2.99MB, EPA-420-R-12-009, July 2012) This contractor report summarizes the pilot recruitment protocols, testing procedures, and some preliminary results from emission testing diesel nonroad equipment in EPA Region 7.
- Populations, Activity and Emissions of Diesel Noroad Equipment in EPA Region 7 Appendices (ZIP) (33.4MB, July 2012) These are the support documents related to the Populations, Activity and Emissions of Diesel Noroad Equipment in EPA Region 7. Contact: Carl Fulper at 734-214-4400 or Carl Fulper(fulper.carlr@epa.gov).

Related Information

Modeling and Inventories
Mobile Source Observation Database (MSOD)
- MSOD Description and Ordering Information
- MSOD User Guide and Reference (PDF) (192 pp, 4.3MB, EPA420-B-08-017, November 2008)

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