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KL2/TL1 Clinical Research Training Program

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2016 Applications are now open, apply here
Deadline March 14, 2016

Learn more about the program here

Contact Information

Anandi Krishnan, PhD  email

Jessica P. Meyer, MBA email


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Clinical Research Training Programs

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In keeping with its core educational mission, Spectrum offers various opportunities for clinical and translational research (CTR), including funding for multiyear degree-granting programs. The two primary clinical research training programs are the KL2 Mentored Career Development Award and the TL1 Clinical Research Training Award.


Spectrum KL2/TL1 Comparison Chart

KL2 Mentored Career Development Program

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Through the KL2 Mentored Career Development program, Spectrum provides advanced training in clinical and translational research to senior fellows and junior faculty from all health professions. The KL2 award provides complete tuition support and partial salary support (75% of the applicable Stanford postgraduate-year stipend scale) for a guaranteed period of two years. (Longer-term support, while possible, is contingent on budget and number of appointed scholars in any given year.) KL2 awardees will pursue a mentored research project in their area of expertise. It is expected that the research performed within the KL2 program will provide the basis for an independent NIH award (e.g., K23, K08, or R01).

KL2 awardees will receive advanced training in multiple disciplines, including biostatistics, epidemiology, study design, genetics, bioinformatics and bioethics. Though we encourage our scholars to complete a curriculum toward a master’s degree, pursuing a didactic element within the program need not lead to a degree, and applicants who already have earned an advanced research degree are still eligible.

TL1 Clinical Research Training Program

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The Spectrum TL1 award is generally similar to the KL2 award described above, but is tailored to predoctoral and selected postdoctoral trainees who seek formal training in CTR-related methods. Predoctoral applicants for the TL1 award must be enrolled in a doctoral-level program, either in a CTR-related area (e.g. PhD in Bioinformatics) or in a combined doctoral program that includes an advanced CTR-related degree (e.g., a master’s degree in a CTR field in addition to an MD). Pursuing formal degree-granting work is not a requirement for postdoctoral applicants. The TL1 award provides limited tuition (up to $16,000/yr) and stipend support (up to $22,032 per year for predoctoral trainees and from $39,264 to $54,180 per year for postdoctoral trainees).

Dual-Mentorship and Other Opportunities

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Awardees may pursue a master’s degree in any CTR-related field, though the two primary degree programs are offered by the Health Research and Policy department, in Epidemiology and Clinical Research or Health Services Research. If not pursuing a degree, KL2 awardees may develop a tailored didactic plan that fulfills the mission of the CTSA program and provides the awardee optimal training in his/her CTR career objective. All Spectrum awardees can participate in Spectrum educational activities, such as the Intensive Course in Clinical Research, training in Leadership and Team Science, the Responsible Conduct of Research course and professional development workshops.

Also, each awardee will have at least two mentors — a research mentor, who serves as a guide for their research project, and an academic/career mentor, who provides career/academic oversight and professional advice. The academic/career mentor will be assigned by the Spectrum program director. Mentors are accomplished investigators in clinical and translational research with a track record of success in training new investigators and fostering their success as independent researchers. In addition to the research and career mentors, the KL2 awardees will be assigned a faculty-level methods adviser who can assist with study design questions and analytic plans.

Program Leadership and Contacts

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Steven Goodman, MD, PhD
Associate Dean for Clinical and Translational Research
Professor of Medicine & Health Research and Policy
Director, Spectrum Education and Training
Director, Clinical Research Scholarly Concentration

 Stanford University School of Medicine
Redwood Building T265
150 Governor’s Lane
Stanford, California 94305-5405

 Phone: (650) 723-8524
Email: email

Steven M. Asch, MD, MPH

 Professor of Medicine

 Co-Director, Spectrum KL2 Program

 VA Palo Alto Health Care System

 Center for Healthcare Evaluation

 795 Willow Road (152-MPD)

 Menlo Park, CA 94025

 Phone: (650) 493-5000
Email: email

Rita Popat, MS, PhD

 Clinical Assistant Professor

 Health Research and Policy

 Co-Director, Spectrum TL-1 Program

 Redwood Building, T209

 Phone: (650) 498-5206

 Email: email

Daisy Chavez-Sanchez
Administrative Associate
Email: email

Funding

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The KL2 award provides complete tuition support and partial salary support (75% of the applicable Stanford postgraduate-year stipend scale) for a guaranteed period of two years. (Longer-term support, while possible, is contingent on budget and number of appointed scholars in any given year). The TL1 award provides limited tuition (up to $16,000/yr) and stipend support (up to $22,032 per year for predoctoral trainees and from $39,264 to $54,180 per year for postdoctoral trainees).

Eligibility

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We encourage applicants from all health disciplines who meet the following criteria:

  • Must be a U.S. citizen or permanent resident by the application deadline (those with visa status are not eligible to apply).
  • Must hold a research or health-professional doctoral degree (TL1 predoctoral applicants must be enrolled in a doctoral-level program).
  • Must be able to commit 75 percent of professional effort to the program except for surgeons, who may be eligible to commit as little as 50 percent time.
  • Must ensure the remaining funding (not provided by Spectrum) will come from a non-federal source.
  • Must not be or have been a principal investigator on an NIH R01, or a project leader on a subproject of a Program Project (P01), Center (P50, P60, U54), mentored career development grant (K23, K08, K01, etc.), or equivalent non-PHS peer reviewed research grants that are more than $100,000 in direct costs per year.
  • Must not have a current application for another mentored K award (e.g. K23, KO8) submitted or under review.
  • Must be pursuing a career path and proposed program in human/translational research.

If you have already received advanced training such as through a PhD degree, then you might not be the prime candidate for the Mentored Career Development award. If you still choose to apply to our awards, please make a strong case.

Spectrum KL2/TL1 Comparison Chart

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Our 2016 Spectrum KL2/TL1 grant application will open December 1, 2015 and close on March 14, 2016. Please prepare your documents into one pdf submission.

KL2 Applications

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All KL2 applications must include:

    • Candidate Personal Statement (education, career experience, short- and long-term goals, reasons for applying to the KL2 program and how it will further professional objectives). Limit your response to 800 words.
    • Educational and mentoring plan (description of planned didactic activities, including nature and frequency of interactions with primary research mentor; and how this will enhance your research project) Limit to 400 words.
    • Research Plan
    • Limit the total of the following subsections (excluding references) to 1,600 words:
      • Structured Abstract (title, background, research question, study design, methods, outcome measures, potential implications of work and innovation)
      • Overall Research Question(s) and Specific Aims
      • Background / Significance
      • Preliminary Data (if relevant) and feasibility assessment: If the project is in the early stages of development, describe any strategy to assess feasibility, and address the management of any high risk aspects of the proposed work.
      • Approach / Methods (including key measurements, primary outcome measures and analytic plan)
      • Nature of Originality / Innovation
      • Potential Implications / Contribution of Work
      • Research Timeline, with key progress benchmarks
      • References
    • Current Curriculum Vitae and Transcripts (from college, medical school, and any advanced degree programs).
    • Official Transcripts must be submitted to the Graduate Admissions Office for any masters program applications
    • Signed Letter of Support from the department chair or division chief guaranteeing 75-percent protected time to pursue the educational and research goals of the KL2 program. If the proposed training period is longer than the guaranteed funding period of 2 years, an additional letter of support is required from the department chair or division chief assuring continued funding support for the years that are not supported by the KL2 award. The divisional/departmental letter of support must also attest that the trainee is able to accept KL2 funds toward the entire 75% of their research effort and that they do not hold any concomitant federal support.
    • Research Mentor’s NIH Biosketch.
    • Signed Letter of Recommendation from the prospective research mentor (description of the mentor’s anticipated interactions with the trainee, the research environment, their own qualifications to serve in this role, and list of mentees within 3 years, with their current positions).
    • Two Additional Letters of Recommendation from colleagues with whom the candidate has worked. (One letter could be substituted for the one from the proposed mentor above, if the mentor has worked with the applicant before.)
    • Current and Pending Funding Support Information

TL1 Applications

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All TL1 applications must include:

    • Statement of Intent describing the general area of research focus, educational plan, including research mentors and environment where appropriate, translational research career aspirations and recognition of NIH service payback requirements for postdoctoral applicants. (See NIH Grant Policy statement for details). Limit your response to 1,600 words.
    • Current Curriculum Vitae and Transcripts (from college, medical school and any advanced degree programs)
    • Mentor’s NIH Biosketch
    • Signed Letter of Support from the student’s advising dean or training program director attesting that the trainee can devote full-time to their TL1-supported studies for at least one academic year.
    • Two letters of recommendation from colleagues with whom the candidate has worked.
    • Current and pending funding support

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Spectrum scholars 2013

2013 Spectrum scholars

KL2 Award Recipients

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2015

Oyebimpe Adesina, M.D.

Fellow, Hematology-Oncology
Project: Effect of alendronate therapy on avascular necrosis in sickle cell disorder
Mentor(s): Jason Gotlib, MD

Peter Chiu, M.D.

Resident, Surgery- Cardiothoracic Surgery
Project: Natural history of aortic dissection with and without intervention
Mentor(s): Joseph Woo, MD

Emily Johnston, M.D.

Fellow, Pediatrics
Project: Use of Non-Subspecialty Care by AYAs with Cancer: Implications for End-of-Life Care
Mentor (s): Lee Sanders, MD

Erqi Pollom, M.D.

Fellow, Radiation Oncology
Project: Comparative Effectiveness of New Radiation Technologies for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer
Mentor(s): Daniel Chang, MD

Dana Clutter, M.D.

Fellow, Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine
Project: Point-of-care testing for HIV-1 drug-resistance mutations: assay development and validation
Mentor(s): Robert Shafer

2014

Colleen Craig, M.D.

Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Medicine-Endocrinology
Project: The role of GLP-1 in mediating glucose reduction after bariatric surgery
Mentor(s): Drs. Tracey McLaughlin and Darrell Wilson

Joshua Mooney, M.D.

Fellow, Medicine- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
Project: Optimizing lung transplant benefit: Impact of the lung allocation score on post-transplant morbidity and healthcare resource utilization
Mentor (s): Drs. Mark Hlatky and John Morton

Mary-Elizabeth Percival, M.D.

Clinical Instructor, Medicine- Hematology
Postdoctoral Medical Fellow, Medicine Hematology
Project: Improvements in early mortality in acute myeloid leukemia patients undergoing induction chemotherapy: implications for comparative effectiveness research
Mentor (s): Drs. Bruno Medeiros and Holbrook Kohrt

Rebecca Berquist McKenzie, M.D.

Clinical Instructor, Pediatrics- Gastroenterology
Postdoctoral Research Fellow- Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition
Project: Prospective study to characterize and treat immune-mediated indeterminate acute hepatitis and liver failure in pediatric patients
Mentor(s): Drs. John Kerner and Randall Stafford

Rita Hamad, M.D., M.S., M.P.H.

Instructor, Medicine- General Medical Disciplines
Project: Poverty and child development: A study of impact of the Earned Income Tax Credit
Mentor(s): Drs. Mark Cullen and Randall Stafford

Sidhartha Sinha, M.D.

Instructor, Medicine- Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Project: Evaluation of a novel thermosensitive delivery platform to administer topical therapeutics
Mentor(s): Drs. Aida Habtezion and Daria Mochly-Rosen

2013

Danit Ariel, M.D.

Project: Insulin Resistance and Asthma: What is the relationship between them?
Mentor: Dr. Gerald Reaven

Katharine Brock, M.D.

Project: A Prospective Repeat Measurements Study Assessing Pediatric Fellow Education in Palliative Care using High-Fidelity Simulation
Mentor(s): Dr. Louis Halamek, and Drs. Harvey Cohen, Barbara Sourkes and Julie Good

Monica Eneriz-Wiemer, M.D.

Project: Reducing Child Health Disparities: examination of parental English language proficiency as an effect modifier for access to early intervention and speciality care services among children with very low birth weight.
Mentor(s): Dr. Lee Sanders and Drs. Jason Wang and Fernando Mendoza

Manali Patel, M.D.

Project: Thoughtfully Reconsidered Approaches to Improving Life (TRAIL)
Mentor(s): Dr. Steve Asch

Christopher Woo, M.D.

Project: Comparative effectiveness of ischemia evaluation with or without percutaneous coronary intervention versus medical therapy alone in patients with newly diagnosed left ventricular dysfunction.
Mentor(s): Drs. Paul Heidenreich and Mark Hlatky

TL1 Award Recipients

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2015

Tej Azad (MD Candidate)

School of Medicine
Project: Consensus Gene Signature of Human Macrophage Polarization - Implications for Human Disease
Mentor(s): Purvesh Khatri, MD

Cassie Ludwig (MD Candidate)

School of Medicine
Project: Global Universal Eye Screening Tests (GUEST): Assessing the Reliability and Validity of Telemedicine in Screening International Newborns for Ophthalmic Disease
Mentor(s): Neil Gesundheit, MD

Chloe O'Connell (MD Candidate)

School of Medicine
Project: The role of rare, high-impact variants in mothers of children with autism
Mentor (s): Dennis Wall, MD

Daniel Rogan (MD Candidate)

School of Medicine
Project: Use of the Stanford STRIDE Database to Evaluate Emergency Medicine Diagnostic Imaging Outcomes and Cost
Mentor (s): James Quinn, MD

Zachary A. Corbin, M.D., M.H.S

Fellow, Neurology and Neurological Sciences
Project: Using hyperpolarized 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy to study metabolic signatures after bevacizumab treatment of glioblastoma
Mentor(s): Lawrence Recht

Lily Ming-Sha Horng, M.D., M.P.H.

Medical Fellow, Infectious Diseases & Geographic Medicine
Project: Developing evidence-based infection control and pandemic prevention programs in hospitals in low-resource countries
Mentor(s): Stephen P. Luby

2014

Yana Emmy Hoy-Schulz, Ph.D.

Project: Tolerability and Physiologic Effects of Oral Probiotics Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 and Bifidobacterium logum infantis in Bangladeshi Infants.
Mentor(s): Drs. Stephen Luby and Yvonne Maldonado

Christine Nguyen, B.S.

Medical Student, Medicine, Clinical Excellence Research Center
Project: Cleft Palate Repaire: An evaluation on Length of Stay, Complications, & Costs by Hospital Type
Mentor(s): Drs. Catherine Curtin and Rita Popat

John Openshaw, M.D.

Fellow, Med/ Infectious Disease
Project: Predictive modeling of infectious diseases in Bangladesh
Mentor(s): Drs. Stephen Luby and Julie Parsonnet

Andrew South, M.D.

Postdoctoral Medical fellow, Pediatrics- Nephrology
Project: Subclinical Injury in Pediatric Renal Transplant Patients: ACE2 and Ang-(1-7) as Novel Biomarkers
Mentor(s): Drs. Paul Grimm, Alan Pao, and Glenn Chertow

Kara Brower, B.S.

Masters of Medicine, PhD Student in Bioengineering
Project: Novel microfluidic platforms for "one to one" encoding of individual spectra to peptides on beads for combinatorial libraries as applied to drug variant testing
Mentor(s): Dr. Manu Prakash

Darwin Yi, B.S.

Masters of Medicine, PhD Student in Bioinformatics
Project: Using Image Processing and Feature Detection to Classify Cardiomyopathy Images


2013

Yana Emmy Hoy-Schulz, Ph.D.

Project: Tolerability and Physiologic Effects of Oral Probiotics Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 and Bifidobacterium logum infantis in Bangladeshi Infants.
Mentor(s): Dr. Stephen Luby

Rupa Narayan, M.D.

Project: Identification of autologous and allogeneic CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses to neoepitopes in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)
Mentor(s): Drs. Medeiros and Levy

Suki Padda, M.D.

Project: Phase 1 study of MPDL3280A (PD-L1 inhibitor) + GDC-0973 (MEK inhibitor) in KRAS mutated Non-small Cell Lung-Cancer and BRAF or RAS mutated solid tumors
Mentor(s): Dr. Heather Wakelee

Andrew South, M.D.

Project: Subclinical Injury in Pediatric Renal Transplant Patients: ACE2 and Ang-(1-7) as Novel Biomarkers
Mentor(s): Drs. Paul Grimm and Alan Pao

UL1 Award Recipients

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2015

Michael Carchia, M.D.

Biodesign Innovation Fellow
Mentor(s): Paul Yock, MD

Luis Alesandro Larrazabal, M.D.

Biodesign Innovation Fellow
Mentor(s): Paul Yock, MD

Jeff Jopling, M.D.

Clinical Excellence Research Center Fellow
Mentor(s): Arnold Milstein, MD

Eugene Hsu, M.D.

Clinical Excellence Research Center Fellow
Mentor(s): Arnold Milstein, MD

2014

Elisabeth Wynne, M.D.

Postdoctoral Research fellow, Cardiovascular Medicine, Biodesign
Project: A novel method for improving hemodialysis access patency at one year after creation
Mentor(s): Dr. Paul Yock

Michael Feldstein, M.D.

Postdoctoral Research fellow, Cardiovascular Medicine, Biodesign
Project: A mobile application and wearable device for optimizing perio-operative care of total knee replacement patients
Mentor(s): Paul Yock

Jeff Jopling, M.D.

Postdoctoral Research fellow, General Internal Medicine, CERC
Mentor(s): Dr. Terry Platchek

Sierra Matula, M.D.

Postdoctoral Research fellow, General Internal Medicine, CERC
Project: Toward Higher Value Spine Care: Developing a New Care Model for People with Spine Pain
Mentor(s): Dr. Terry Platchek

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Q: How is the KL2 program funded?
A: The NIH KL2 Mentored Clinical Research Scholars program is funded through the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) as part of a broad Clinical and Translational Science initiative (CTSA).

Q: How many funded positions will there be each year?
A: We hope to select 3-5 KL2 Scholars and 4-6 TL1 scholars each year. The exact number of trainees selected is contingent on budget and number of appointed scholars in any given year.

Q: What does the 75% protected time for KL2 consist of?
A: The protected time is for multidisciplinary clinical and translational research with training and mentoring activities.

Q: May I negotiate to devote less than 75% effort to the KL2?
A: In general, 75% of the scholars’ full-time professional effort must be devoted to the program. However, certain surgical specialties may request approval for less than 75% if justified, but no less than 50% protected time for this program. Justification will require documentation that more than a 25% clinical commitment is required in order to avoid loss of competence or credentialing in specified clinical skills. Any applicant who is interested in applying while committing less than 75% effort for the academic aspects of the project should discuss their interests with Dr. Steve Goodman prior to applying.

Q: I have another award that supports me for 75% of my research effort - Can I retain that award while keeping the CTSA KL2?
A: No. Accepting the KL2 implies that the awardee accepts the entire award at 75% effort toward their KL2 research proposal. This is a critical requirement from the perspective of the NIH. From the perspective of the NIH, one cannot guarantee that obligations or responsibilities from the other award will not conflict with the requirements of the KL2. Hence every awardee is required to accept the entire funds of the KL2 and commit to 75% of their effort toward KL2 research for a period of 2 years.

Q: How can I best use the 25% non-supported effort?
A: The scholar’s non-supported effort must be devoted to activities related to the development of a successful clinical and translational research career. Typically, these activities include clinical, administrative, and/or teaching efforts. The divisions/departments must not require extra duties or responsibilities that reduce the scholar’s protected time that would interfere with the purpose of the career development award.

Q: What percentage of clinical time is allotted? Is it 25%?
A: Yes

Q: Do applicants have to pursue an advanced clinical research degree?
A: No.
Pursuing a degree is optional for the KL2 scholars. Scholars are free to explore other clinical and translational research-related degree options, provided they fit with their curriculum, research interests, and clinical responsibilities. This requirement holds true for postdoctoral TL1 scholars but not for predoctoral TL1 awardees. Predoctoral TL1 awardees are required to be enrolled in a doctoral-level degree.

Q: How does the payment portion of the salary work? Does it get paid directly to the department?
A: The KL2 funds (salary and tuition) are charged to a PTA account number provided by the Spectrum Finance office.

Q: Can a KL2 or TL1 awardee avail the tuition component alone without the salary?
A: No.
Awarding 75% of the scholar’s salary is the primary mechanism for ensuring protected time toward research.
Therefore, we cannot appoint a KL2 scholar with the tuition component alone. But the reverse is possible – a KL2 scholar may avail the salary component alone without any tuition funds toward a formal degree curriculum.

Q: Can I work on several research projects under my 75% protected time?
A: Yes. However, these research projects should all be aligned with your overall research theme, objectives, and specific aims. They would probably be described in your application at least briefly because you need to account for all your time.

Q: Can a candidate who has submitted a K23 application but has not received a score or has been informed that he or she has an unfundable score apply for a KL2 appointment?
A: This MAY be possible IF the NIH K23 application (or equivalent) is either not yet under review or can be withdrawn. It is not possible to have 2 K applications (i.e., KL2 and K23) under simultaneous review.

Q: Are other federal grants (eg R01 or R21) allowed to support the remaining 25% salary not covered by the KL2 award?
A: Scholars receiving any of the K awards that support 75% salary may not concurrently receive salary support from other US Public Health Service sources (including NIH, CDC, FDA, etc). The KL2 awardee may apply for individual K awards and if successful, the KL2 would be terminated and funding received from the new individual K award. Please see the following link for more information: http://grants.nih.gov/grants/policy/nihgps_2013/nihgps_ch12.htm
With pre-approval from the NIH, KL2 Scholars may receive VA salary for clinical time.
Most scholars will receive support from teaching or clinical activities. Non-PHS awards and non-federal grants may also be used to support the remaining 25% effort. Grants from private foundations, voluntary organizations (e.g. American Heart Association, Cancer Society), and professional societies are all acceptable.
Federal grants MAY supply additional research support, but not salary.

Q: How is this award different from NIH individual Career Development Awards (CDAs)?
A: For specific information regarding individual CDAs please visit an external link at the NIH: http://grants.nih.gov/grants/policy/hs/index.htm
Individuals who have already obtained an individual K award will not be eligible to apply for our KL2 award.
The KL2 award is an institutional mentored clinical research award. It is similar in intent, scope, and funding to individual mentored K awards. All NIH Mentored career development awards have the same general level of effort requirements. However, there are several important differences. The application materials and time to notification are much shorter. A personal interview is required. Furthermore, because a group of scholars will be chosen together, there will be a cohort of scholars to provide numerous opportunities to develop collaborative relationships early in the program.
A core curriculum will be provided that will develop general scholarship in a breadth of clinical research topics. Intensive clinical research mentorship is also a primary focus of the CTSA KL2 award.

Q: Are scholars under this program eligible to apply for individual K awards such as the K08 and K23?
A: Yes.
Depending on the length of time under the KL2 award, appointed KL2 scholars may apply for individual mentored K awards (e.g., K07, K08, K22, K23); if successful, the KL2 appointment would be terminated and funding received from the new individual K award. The core curriculum and training for our KL2 Program is designed to lead to independent research and prepare scholars to submit a K-, R- or U-type grant application (e.g. R03, R21, R01, U01, etc.).

Q: If I currently hold a K23 or K08, am I eligible for this RFA?
A: No

Q: Is there a limit on time since completing post-doctoral training, or at what stage should prospective KL2 scholars be?
A: We have not established explicit limits on time since training. However, this award is best suited for applicants who are early in their professional careers. This award is not meant to serve as support for applicants already established in their field, nor is it meant to aid in a career change. Individuals who have achieved the rank of associate professor are not eligible.
KL2 Scholars must hold a doctoral level degree. We are seeking individuals at an early stage of their career, even while they are in sub-specialty training. We expect that KL2 Scholars will be postdoctoral level trainees or junior faculty who plan to conduct, or are conducting, clinical and translational research. Some KL2 Scholars may be at the tenure-track/assistant professor level when they enter the program, but we hope most KL2 Scholars will be at a much earlier stage. We expect that KL2 Scholars will become assistant professor or tenure-track clinical research faculty either during or after they progress through the program.

Q: Can this program be combined with a clinical fellowship?
A: No.
KL2 funds cannot be used to support clinical fellowship training. However, fellows who have completed the part of their fellowship needed for sub specialty certification are eligible to apply.

Q: Will there be funding provided to potential mentors?
A: No.

Q: I am a principal investigator of industry grants; am I eligible for the KL2?
A: Yes. This is allowed as long as your paid effort is outside of the 75% KL2-supported effort.

Q: Can a KL2 scholar accept a small grant award?
A: Yes. KL2 scholars may be named PIs on a competing NIH research grant application (R01, R03, R15, R21, R34, or equivalent application from another federal agency) or a sub-project director on a competing multi-component research or center grant or cooperative agreement application (P01, P50, U01, etc. or an equivalent application from another federal agency). However, the effort requirement of the KL2 award applies. In addition, each KL2 scholar who plans to apply for an NIH K award must assure they remain eligible. Becoming a PI on a R01 would disqualify an applicant from a KL2 or other K award.