See How Vaccinations Are Going in Your County and State

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said on Friday about 240.8 million people have received at least one dose of a Covid-19 vaccine, including about 203.5 million people who have been fully vaccinated by Johnson & Johnson’s single-dose vaccine or the two-dose series made by Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna.

The C.D.C. also reported that about 58.2 million fully vaccinated people have received an additional vaccine dose since Aug. 13, the day after the F.D.A. opened up eligibility for third shots for some people with weakened immune systems. This figure also includes people who have gotten a booster dose, which the F.D.A. authorized on Sept. 22 for Pfizer recipients over 65 or at high risk of severe Covid-19.

On Oct. 20, the F.D.A. authorized booster shots for Johnson & Johnson recipients, as well as Moderna recipients over 65 or at high risk of severe Covid-19. It will also allow providers to boost people with a different Covid-19 vaccine than the one they initially received. On Nov. 19, the federal agency authorized booster shots of the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines for everyone 18 and older, and on Dec. 9 authorized Pfizer boosters for 16- and 17-year-olds.

The number of people who have gotten an additional dose does not include an estimated 1.2 million people in the U.S. who may have received unauthorized additional doses prior to mid-August, according to the C.D.C.

How Quickly Are Shots Going in Arms?

Providers are administering about 1.62 million doses per day on average, including first, second and additional doses, about a 52 percent decrease from the peak of 3.38 million reported on April 13.

Figures show the date shots were reported, rather than the date shots were given and include first and second doses of Pfizer and Moderna, and single doses of Johnson & Johnson.

In December 2020, federal regulators gave emergency use authorization to two-dose vaccines developed by Pfizer and Moderna. Regulators authorized Johnson & Johnson’s one-dose vaccine in February, but recommended a pause in its use on April 13 because of reports of blood clots in a small number of patients. All 50 states paused or recommended that providers pause those vaccinations. The government ended the Johnson & Johnson pause on April 23, clearing the way for states to resume vaccinations.

On Aug. 12, regulators gave emergency use authorization for people with weakened immune systems to get a third dose of the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines, and expanded that authorization in September and October to include booster shots for many Americans.

On Aug. 23, the federal government approved the Pfizer vaccine for those 16 and older, the first full approval of a Covid-19 vaccine in the country.

The F.D.A. cleared the Pfizer vaccine for children, ages 5 to 11, on Oct. 29. Emergency use authorization of the vaccine continues for those ages 5 to 15 and for those receiving additional doses.

When Might Nearly Everyone Be Vaccinated?

Some experts have estimated that 90 percent or more of the total population — adults and children — would need to be fully vaccinated for the country to reach a possibly elusive threshold of protection against the coronavirus known as herd immunity, now that the outbreak is driven by the highly contagious Delta variant.

A number of factors will determine if and when this threshold is met, including the pace at which newly vaccinated people join those who are immune after past infections. But the presence of more transmissible virus variants could complicate that progress. And children, who became eligible for the Pfizer vaccine in late October, may be key to reaching herd immunity, experts say.

The projection below shows the share of the total population that is fully vaccinated based on the current rate of vaccination, and provides a rough indication of when the virus’s spread could begin to stall.

But the pace of vaccinations varies across the country. Many states in the South and West, for example, have fully vaccinated a smaller share of their population than in other regions.

On Dec. 9, the C.D.C capped its vaccination rate figures at 95 percent, after acknowledging that it may be overestimating first doses of the vaccine and underestimating booster shots. As a result, even locations that have exceeded that vaccination rate will remain at 95 percent.

The C.D.C. said on its website that the “cap helps address potential overestimates of vaccination coverage due to first, second, and booster doses that were not linked.” Other possible reasons for overestimation, according to the agency, include census population data that excludes part-time residents or reporting errors.

There are many reasons eligible people are not vaccinated. Surveys have indicated that some people are adamant in their refusal of the coronavirus vaccines, while others are open to getting a shot but have been putting it off or want to wait and see before making a decision.

The first group, surveys have shown, tends to be disproportionately white, rural, evangelical Christian and politically conservative. The second group tends to be a more diverse and urban group, including many younger people, Black and Latino Americans, and Democrats.

In April, The New York Times analyzed vaccine records and voter records in every county in the United States and found that both willingness to receive a coronavirus vaccine and actual vaccination rates were lower, on average, in counties where a majority of residents voted to re-elect former President Donald J. Trump in 2020.

Are The Most Vulnerable Counties Being Vaccinated?

Speed isn’t the only priority for the country’s vaccination campaign. The Biden administration has also committed to distributing shots equitably to the communities most affected by the pandemic.

Yet many months into the rollout, the most socially vulnerable counties in the U.S. have a lower vaccination rate on average than the nation’s least vulnerable. The majority of the most disadvantaged counties with the fewest fully vaccinated people are in the South, while the most vaccinated, least vulnerable counties are in the Midwest and Northeast.

Counties are ranked according to the Social Vulnerability Index, a C.D.C. indicator used in public health crises that is based on socioeconomic status, housing, transportation, race, ethnicity and language. Each county’s vaccination rate is its share of all residents that have been fully vaccinated, a figure that does not reflect those who have only received one dose of a two-shot vaccine.

How Is Each State Doing?

Some jurisdictions have been more efficient than others at administering their doses from the federal government.

The table below includes states, territories, federal agencies and three countries with special agreements with the United States: Palau, Micronesia and the Marshall Islands.

People that have received the single-shot Johnson & Johnson vaccine are included in counts for those with “at least one dose” and those “fully vaccinated.”

There are many reasons for variation among the states and territories, including demand for the vaccine, lags in data reporting and other logistical challenges. State progress varies by age group as well.

Who Is Eligible for a Vaccine?

The United States has reached a new milestone in its vaccine rollout: children ages 5 to 11 are now eligible for a vaccine, after the F.D.A. authorized use of the Pfizer vaccine for this age group.

In May the F.D.A. had expanded its emergency use authorization of that vaccine for children 12 and older, allowing young adolescents to start getting vaccinated before school started in the fall of 2021.

And in April every state had made those 18 and older eligible for the shots, according to a Times survey. This universal eligibility followed months where states relied on complicated phase-based plans that prioritized certain vulnerable individuals — like older Americans, critical workers and those with certain medical conditions. Often, county plans differed from state plans.

Health care workers and residents of long-term care facilities have been eligible for vaccination in every state since the early part of 2021, and people 65 and older have been eligible for several months in every state.

About the Data

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported on Nov. 30 that its vaccination figures may overestimate first doses and underestimate booster doses, as shot order isn’t consistently collected when individuals get boosters. This potential overestimate in the federal data is particularly noticeable in the 65-and-older group. Additional details can be found in the C.D.C.’s footnotes.

The C.D.C. provides daily updates of its data on vaccines delivered and administered and reports detailed notes here, including historical revisions from individual states.

The C.D.C. began reporting county-level vaccinations on March 26. This data is not available for all states, and is incomplete in others, artificially lowering the published vaccination rates for some counties.

Figures include vaccines developed by Pfizer, Moderna and Johnson & Johnson. People receiving the Johnson & Johnson single-shot vaccine are counted as those with “at least one dose” and those “fully vaccinated.”

The federal data may differ from that reported by states and territories, which may post on different schedules. Providers have 72 hours to report doses administered and it can take additional time for jurisdictions and the C.D.C. to receive this information.

The C.D.C. typically reports data as of 6 a.m. each day. On March 13, the C.D.C. reported about 4.6 million new doses administered, including about 1.6 million doses that were reported after the 6 a.m. cutoff, resulting in a visible spike.

On May 16, the C.D.C. reported an erroneous increase in New Hampshire vaccinations, which artificially raised the total doses administered in the U.S. The data has since been updated, with a new U.S. figure for May 16 that is about 620,000 doses lower.

On June 14, the C.D.C. included in its counts about 340,000 additional doses administered from vaccination records that had been received but not fully processed.

The C.D.C. notes that total doses administered are based on the location where the vaccine was given, and that in limited cases, people might get a vaccine outside of their place of residency. As of Feb. 23, the C.D.C. reports the number of people receiving one or more doses based on where individuals reside.

On Feb. 19, the C.D.C. began including shots given by the federal agencies in each state’s count. Doses delivered to federal agencies were added to state totals on Feb. 20. Some states, including Alaska, North Dakota and Utah, are supposed to receive supplements for tribal governments that have elected to receive their vaccines through the state, rather than through the federal Indian Health Service.

In addition to delivering vaccines to states, territories and some federal agencies, the C.D.C. also distributes doses to three small countries that have special agreements with the U.S. government: Palau, Micronesia and the Marshall Islands.

The C.D.C. also reports state-level data on the number of shots administered to people in nursing homes and long-term-care centers.

States and the C.D.C. sometimes adjust the number of historical doses, resulting in additions or subtractions.

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