| Country | CLIMATE |
|---|
| Afghanistan |
arid to semiarid; cold winters and hot summers
|
| Akrotiri |
temperate; Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool winters
|
| Albania |
mild temperate; cool, cloudy, wet winters; hot, clear, dry summers; interior is cooler and wetter
|
| Algeria |
arid to semiarid; mild, wet winters with hot, dry summers along coast; drier with cold winters and hot summers on high plateau; sirocco is a hot, dust/sand-laden wind especially common in summer
|
| American Samoa |
tropical marine, moderated by southeast trade winds; annual rainfall averages about 3 m; rainy season (November to April), dry season (May to October); little seasonal temperature variation
|
| Andorra |
temperate; snowy, cold winters and warm, dry summers
|
| Angola |
semiarid in south and along coast to Luanda; north has cool, dry season (May to October) and hot, rainy season (November to April)
|
| Anguilla |
tropical; moderated by northeast trade winds
|
| Antarctica |
severe low temperatures vary with latitude, elevation, and distance from the ocean; East Antarctica is colder than West Antarctica because of its higher elevation; Antarctic Peninsula has the most moderate climate; higher temperatures occur in January along the coast and average slightly below freezing
|
| Antigua and Barbuda |
tropical maritime; little seasonal temperature variation
|
| Arctic Ocean |
polar climate characterized by persistent cold and relatively narrow annual temperature range; winters characterized by continuous darkness, cold and stable weather conditions, and clear skies; summers characterized by continuous daylight, damp and foggy weather, and weak cyclones with rain or snow
|
| Argentina |
mostly temperate; arid in southeast; subantarctic in southwest
|
| Armenia |
highland continental, hot summers, cold winters
|
| Aruba |
tropical marine; little seasonal temperature variation
|
| Ashmore and Cartier Islands |
tropical
|
| Atlantic Ocean |
tropical cyclones (hurricanes) develop off the coast of Africa near Cabo Verde and move westward into the Caribbean Sea; hurricanes can occur from May to December but are most frequent from August to November
|
| Australia |
generally arid to semiarid; temperate in south and east; tropical in north
|
| Austria |
temperate; continental, cloudy; cold winters with frequent rain and some snow in lowlands and snow in mountains; moderate summers with occasional showers
|
| Azerbaijan |
dry, semiarid steppe
|
| Bahamas, The |
tropical marine; moderated by warm waters of Gulf Stream
|
| Bahrain |
arid; mild, pleasant winters; very hot, humid summers
|
| Bangladesh |
tropical; mild winter (October to March); hot, humid summer (March to June); humid, warm rainy monsoon (June to October)
|
| Barbados |
tropical; rainy season (June to October)
|
| Belarus |
cold winters, cool and moist summers; transitional between continental and maritime
|
| Belgium |
temperate; mild winters, cool summers; rainy, humid, cloudy
|
| Belize |
tropical; very hot and humid; rainy season (May to November); dry season (February to May)
|
| Benin |
tropical; hot, humid in south; semiarid in north
|
| Bermuda |
subtropical; mild, humid; gales, strong winds common in winter
|
| Bhutan |
varies; tropical in southern plains; cool winters and hot summers in central valleys; severe winters and cool summers in Himalayas
|
| Bolivia |
varies with altitude; humid and tropical to cold and semiarid
|
| Bosnia and Herzegovina |
hot summers and cold winters; areas of high elevation have short, cool summers and long, severe winters; mild, rainy winters along coast
|
| Botswana |
semiarid; warm winters and hot summers
|
| Bouvet Island |
antarctic
|
| Brazil |
mostly tropical, but temperate in south
|
| British Indian Ocean Territory |
tropical marine; hot, humid, moderated by trade winds
|
| British Virgin Islands |
subtropical; humid; temperatures moderated by trade winds
|
| Brunei |
tropical; hot, humid, rainy
|
| Bulgaria |
temperate; cold, damp winters; hot, dry summers
|
| Burkina Faso |
tropical; warm, dry winters; hot, wet summers
|
| Burma |
tropical monsoon; cloudy, rainy, hot, humid summers (southwest monsoon, June to September); less cloudy, scant rainfall, mild temperatures, lower humidity during winter (northeast monsoon, December to April)
|
| Burundi |
equatorial; high plateau with considerable altitude variation (772 m to 2,670 m above sea level); average annual temperature varies with altitude from 23 to 17 degrees Celsius but is generally moderate as the average altitude is about 1,700 m; average annual rainfall is about 150 cm; two wet seasons (February to May and September to November), and two dry seasons (June to August and December to January)
|
| Cabo Verde |
temperate; warm, dry summer; precipitation meager and erratic
|
| Cambodia |
tropical; rainy, monsoon season (May to November); dry season (December to April); little seasonal temperature variation
|
| Cameroon |
varies with terrain, from tropical along coast to semiarid and hot in north
|
| Canada |
varies from temperate in south to subarctic and arctic in north
|
| Cayman Islands |
tropical marine; warm, rainy summers (May to October) and cool, relatively dry winters (November to April)
|
| Central African Republic |
tropical; hot, dry winters; mild to hot, wet summers
|
| Chad |
tropical in south, desert in north
|
| Chile |
temperate; desert in north; Mediterranean in central region; cool and damp in south
|
| China |
extremely diverse; tropical in south to subarctic in north
|
| Christmas Island |
tropical with a wet season (December to April) and dry season; heat and humidity moderated by trade winds
|
| Clipperton Island |
tropical; humid, average temperature 20-32 degrees Celsius, wet season (May to October)
|
| Cocos (Keeling) Islands |
tropical with high humidity, moderated by the southeast trade winds for about nine months of the year
|
| Colombia |
tropical along coast and eastern plains; cooler in highlands
|
| Comoros |
tropical marine; rainy season (November to May)
|
| Congo, Democratic Republic of the |
tropical; hot and humid in equatorial river basin; cooler and drier in southern highlands; cooler and wetter in eastern highlands; north of Equator - wet season (April to October), dry season (December to February); south of Equator - wet season (November to March), dry season (April to October)
|
| Congo, Republic of the |
tropical; rainy season (March to June); dry season (June to October); persistent high temperatures and humidity; particularly enervating climate astride the Equator
|
| Cook Islands |
tropical oceanic; moderated by trade winds; a dry season from April to November and a more humid season from December to March
|
| Coral Sea Islands |
tropical
|
| Costa Rica |
tropical and subtropical; dry season (December to April); rainy season (May to November); cooler in highlands
|
| Cote d'Ivoire |
tropical along coast, semiarid in far north; three seasons - warm and dry (November to March), hot and dry (March to May), hot and wet (June to October)
|
| Croatia |
Mediterranean and continental; continental climate predominant with hot summers and cold winters; mild winters, dry summers along coast
|
| Cuba |
tropical; moderated by trade winds; dry season (November to April); rainy season (May to October)
|
| Curacao |
tropical marine climate, ameliorated by northeast trade winds, results in mild temperatures; semiarid with average rainfall of 60 cm/year
|
| Cyprus |
temperate; Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool winters
|
| Czechia |
temperate; cool summers; cold, cloudy, humid winters
|
| Denmark |
temperate; humid and overcast; mild, windy winters and cool summers
|
| Dhekelia |
temperate; Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool winters
|
| Djibouti |
desert; torrid, dry
|
| Dominica |
tropical; moderated by northeast trade winds; heavy rainfall
|
| Dominican Republic |
tropical maritime; little seasonal temperature variation; seasonal variation in rainfall
|
| Ecuador |
tropical along coast, becoming cooler inland at higher elevations; tropical in Amazonian jungle lowlands
|
| Egypt |
desert; hot, dry summers with moderate winters
|
| El Salvador |
tropical; rainy season (May to October); dry season (November to April); tropical on coast; temperate in uplands
|
| Equatorial Guinea |
tropical; always hot, humid
|
| Eritrea |
hot, dry desert strip along Red Sea coast; cooler and wetter in the central highlands (up to 61 cm of rainfall annually, heaviest June to September); semiarid in western hills and lowlands
|
| Estonia |
maritime; wet, moderate winters, cool summers
|
| Ethiopia |
tropical monsoon with wide topographic-induced variation
|
| European Union |
cold temperate; potentially subarctic in the north to temperate; mild wet winters; hot dry summers in the south
|
| Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) |
cold marine; strong westerly winds, cloudy, humid; rain occurs on more than half of days in year; average annual rainfall is 60 cm in Stanley; occasional snow all year, except in January and February, but typically does not accumulate
|
| Faroe Islands |
mild winters, cool summers; usually overcast; foggy, windy
|
| Fiji |
tropical marine; only slight seasonal temperature variation
|
| Finland |
cold temperate; potentially subarctic but comparatively mild because of moderating influence of the North Atlantic Current, Baltic Sea, and more than 60,000 lakes
|
| France |
metropolitan France: generally cool winters and mild summers, but mild winters and hot summers along the Mediterranean; occasional strong, cold, dry, north-to-northwesterly wind known as mistral
French Guiana: tropical; hot, humid; little seasonal temperature variation
Guadeloupe and Martinique: subtropical tempered by trade winds; moderately high humidity; rainy season (June to October); vulnerable to devastating cyclones (hurricanes) every eight years on average
Mayotte: tropical; marine; hot, humid, rainy season during northeastern monsoon (November to May); dry season is cooler (May to November)
Reunion: tropical, but temperature moderates with elevation; cool and dry (May to November), hot and rainy (November to April)
|
| French Polynesia |
tropical, but moderate
|
| French Southern and Antarctic Lands |
Ile Amsterdam et Ile Saint-Paul: oceanic with persistent westerly winds and high humidity
Iles Crozet: windy, cold, wet, and cloudy
Iles Kerguelen: oceanic, cold, overcast, windy
Iles Eparses: tropical
|
| Gabon |
tropical; always hot, humid
|
| Gambia, The |
tropical; hot, rainy season (June to November); cooler, dry season (November to May)
|
| Gaza Strip |
temperate, mild winters, dry and warm to hot summers
|
| Georgia |
warm and pleasant; Mediterranean-like on Black Sea coast
|
| Germany |
temperate and marine; cool, cloudy, wet winters and summers; occasional warm mountain (foehn) wind
|
| Ghana |
tropical; warm and comparatively dry along southeast coast; hot and humid in southwest; hot and dry in north
|
| Gibraltar |
Mediterranean with mild winters and warm summers
|
| Greece |
temperate; mild, wet winters; hot, dry summers
|
| Greenland |
arctic to subarctic; cool summers, cold winters
|
| Grenada |
tropical; tempered by northeast trade winds
|
| Guam |
tropical marine; generally warm and humid, moderated by northeast trade winds; dry season (January to June), rainy season (July to December); little seasonal temperature variation
|
| Guatemala |
tropical; hot, humid in lowlands; cooler in highlands
|
| Guernsey |
temperate with mild winters and cool summers; about 50% of days are overcast
|
| Guinea-Bissau |
tropical; generally hot and humid; monsoonal-type rainy season (June to November) with southwesterly winds; dry season (December to May) with northeasterly harmattan winds
|
| Guinea |
generally hot and humid; monsoonal-type rainy season (June to November) with southwesterly winds; dry season (December to May) with northeasterly harmattan winds
|
| Guyana |
tropical; hot, humid, moderated by northeast trade winds; two rainy seasons (May to August, November to January)
|
| Haiti |
tropical; semiarid where mountains in east cut off trade winds
|
| Heard Island and McDonald Islands |
antarctic
|
| Holy See (Vatican City) |
temperate; mild, rainy winters (September to May) with hot, dry summers (May to September)
|
| Honduras |
subtropical in lowlands, temperate in mountains
|
| Hong Kong |
subtropical monsoon; cool and humid in winter, hot and rainy from spring through summer, warm and sunny in fall
|
| Howland Island |
equatorial; scant rainfall, constant wind, burning sun
|
| Hungary |
temperate; cold, cloudy, humid winters; warm summers
|
| Iceland |
temperate; moderated by North Atlantic Current; mild, windy winters; damp, cool summers
|
| India |
varies from tropical monsoon in south to temperate in north
|
| Indian Ocean |
northeast monsoon (December to April), southwest monsoon (June to October); tropical cyclones occur during May/June and October/November in the northern Indian Ocean and January/February in the southern Indian Ocean
|
| Indonesia |
tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands
|
| Iran |
mostly arid or semiarid, subtropical along Caspian coast
|
| Iraq |
mostly desert; mild to cool winters with dry, hot, cloudless summers; northern mountainous regions along Iranian and Turkish borders experience cold winters with occasionally heavy snows that melt in early spring, sometimes causing extensive flooding in central and southern Iraq
|
| Ireland |
temperate maritime; modified by North Atlantic Current; mild winters, cool summers; consistently humid; overcast about half the time
|
| Isle of Man |
temperate; cool summers and mild winters; overcast about a third of the time
|
| Israel |
temperate; hot and dry in southern and eastern desert areas
|
| Italy |
predominantly Mediterranean; alpine in far north; hot, dry in south
|
| Jamaica |
tropical; hot, humid; temperate interior
|
| Jan Mayen |
arctic maritime with frequent storms and persistent fog
|
| Japan |
varies from tropical in south to cool temperate in north
|
| Jarvis Island |
tropical; scant rainfall, constant wind, burning sun
|
| Jersey |
temperate; mild winters and cool summers
|
| Johnston Atoll |
tropical, but generally dry; consistent northeast trade winds with little seasonal temperature variation
|
| Jordan |
mostly arid desert; rainy season in west (November to April)
|
| Kazakhstan |
continental, cold winters and hot summers, arid and semiarid
|
| Kenya |
varies from tropical along coast to arid in interior
|
| Kingman Reef |
tropical; moderated by prevailing winds
|
| Kiribati |
tropical; marine, hot and humid, moderated by trade winds
|
| Korea, North |
temperate, with rainfall concentrated in summer; long, bitter winters
|
| Korea, South |
temperate, with rainfall heavier in summer than winter; cold winters
|
| Kosovo |
influenced by continental air masses resulting in relatively cold winters with heavy snowfall and hot, dry summers and autumns; Mediterranean and alpine influences create regional variation; maximum rainfall between October and December
|
| Kuwait |
dry desert; intensely hot summers; short, cool winters
|
| Kyrgyzstan |
dry continental to polar in high Tien Shan Mountains; subtropical in southwest (Fergana Valley); temperate in northern foothill zone
|
| Laos |
tropical monsoon; rainy season (May to November); dry season (December to April)
|
| Latvia |
maritime; wet, moderate winters
|
| Lebanon |
Mediterranean; mild to cool, wet winters with hot, dry summers; the Lebanon Mountains experience heavy winter snows
|
| Lesotho |
temperate; cool to cold, dry winters; hot, wet summers
|
| Liberia |
tropical; hot, humid; dry winters with hot days and cool to cold nights; wet, cloudy summers with frequent heavy showers
|
| Libya |
Mediterranean along coast; dry, extreme desert interior
|
| Liechtenstein |
continental; cold, cloudy winters with frequent snow or rain; cool to moderately warm, cloudy, humid summers
|
| Lithuania |
transitional, between maritime and continental; wet, moderate winters and summers
|
| Luxembourg |
modified continental with mild winters, cool summers
|
| Macau |
subtropical; marine with cool winters, warm summers
|
| Macedonia |
warm, dry summers and autumns; relatively cold winters with heavy snowfall
|
| Madagascar |
tropical along coast, temperate inland, arid in south
|
| Malawi |
sub-tropical; rainy season (November to May); dry season (May to November)
|
| Malaysia |
tropical; annual southwest (April to October) and northeast (October to February) monsoons
|
| Maldives |
tropical; hot, humid; dry, northeast monsoon (November to March); rainy, southwest monsoon (June to August)
|
| Mali |
subtropical to arid; hot and dry (February to June); rainy, humid, and mild (June to November); cool and dry (November to February)
|
| Malta |
Mediterranean; mild, rainy winters; hot, dry summers
|
| Marshall Islands |
tropical; hot and humid; wet season May to November; islands border typhoon belt
|
| Mauritania |
desert; constantly hot, dry, dusty
|
| Mauritius |
tropical, modified by southeast trade winds; warm, dry winter (May to November); hot, wet, humid summer (November to May)
|
| Mexico |
varies from tropical to desert
|
| Micronesia, Federated States of |
tropical; heavy year-round rainfall, especially in the eastern islands; located on southern edge of the typhoon belt with occasionally severe damage
|
| Midway Islands |
subtropical; moderated by prevailing easterly winds
|
| Moldova |
moderate winters, warm summers
|
| Monaco |
Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers
|
| Mongolia |
desert; continental (large daily and seasonal temperature ranges)
|
| Montenegro |
Mediterranean climate, hot dry summers and autumns and relatively cold winters with heavy snowfalls inland
|
| Montserrat |
tropical; little daily or seasonal temperature variation
|
| Morocco |
Mediterranean, becoming more extreme in the interior
|
| Mozambique |
tropical to subtropical
|
| Namibia |
desert; hot, dry; rainfall sparse and erratic
|
| Nauru |
tropical with a monsoonal pattern; rainy season (November to February)
|
| Navassa Island |
marine, tropical
|
| Nepal |
varies from cool summers and severe winters in north to subtropical summers and mild winters in south
|
| Netherlands |
temperate; marine; cool summers and mild winters
|
| New Caledonia |
tropical; modified by southeast trade winds; hot, humid
|
| New Zealand |
temperate with sharp regional contrasts
|
| Nicaragua |
tropical in lowlands, cooler in highlands
|
| Nigeria |
varies; equatorial in south, tropical in center, arid in north
|
| Niger |
desert; mostly hot, dry, dusty; tropical in extreme south
|
| Niue |
tropical; modified by southeast trade winds
|
| Norfolk Island |
subtropical; mild, little seasonal temperature variation
|
| Northern Mariana Islands |
tropical marine; moderated by northeast trade winds, little seasonal temperature variation; dry season December to June, rainy season July to October
|
| Norway |
temperate along coast, modified by North Atlantic Current; colder interior with increased precipitation and colder summers; rainy year-round on west coast
|
| Oman |
dry desert; hot, humid along coast; hot, dry interior; strong southwest summer monsoon (May to September) in far south
|
| Pacific Ocean |
planetary air pressure systems and resultant wind patterns exhibit remarkable uniformity in the south and east; trade winds and westerly winds are well-developed patterns, modified by seasonal fluctuations; tropical cyclones (hurricanes) may form south of Mexico from June to October and affect Mexico and Central America; continental influences cause climatic uniformity to be much less pronounced in the eastern and western regions at the same latitude in the North Pacific Ocean; the western Pacific is monsoonal - a rainy season occurs during the summer months, when moisture-laden winds blow from the ocean over the land, and a dry season during the winter months, when dry winds blow from the Asian landmass back to the ocean; tropical cyclones (typhoons) may strike southeast and east Asia from May to December
|
| Pakistan |
mostly hot, dry desert; temperate in northwest; arctic in north
|
| Palau |
tropical; hot and humid; wet season May to November
|
| Palmyra Atoll |
equatorial, hot, and very rainy
|
| Panama |
tropical maritime; hot, humid, cloudy; prolonged rainy season (May to January), short dry season (January to May)
|
| Papua New Guinea |
tropical; northwest monsoon (December to March), southeast monsoon (May to October); slight seasonal temperature variation
|
| Paracel Islands |
tropical
|
| Paraguay |
subtropical to temperate; substantial rainfall in the eastern portions, becoming semiarid in the far west
|
| Peru |
varies from tropical in east to dry desert in west; temperate to frigid in Andes
|
| Philippines |
tropical marine; northeast monsoon (November to April); southwest monsoon (May to October)
|
| Pitcairn Islands |
tropical; hot and humid; modified by southeast trade winds; rainy season (November to March)
|
| Poland |
temperate with cold, cloudy, moderately severe winters with frequent precipitation; mild summers with frequent showers and thundershowers
|
| Portugal |
maritime temperate; cool and rainy in north, warmer and drier in south
|
| Puerto Rico |
tropical marine, mild; little seasonal temperature variation
|
| Qatar |
arid; mild, pleasant winters; very hot, humid summers
|
| Romania |
temperate; cold, cloudy winters with frequent snow and fog; sunny summers with frequent showers and thunderstorms
|
| Russia |
ranges from steppes in the south through humid continental in much of European Russia; subarctic in Siberia to tundra climate in the polar north; winters vary from cool along Black Sea coast to frigid in Siberia; summers vary from warm in the steppes to cool along Arctic coast
|
| Rwanda |
temperate; two rainy seasons (February to April, November to January); mild in mountains with frost and snow possible
|
| Saint Barthelemy |
tropical, with practically no variation in temperature; has two seasons (dry and humid)
|
| Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha |
Saint Helena: tropical marine; mild, tempered by trade winds
Ascension Island: tropical marine; mild, semi-arid
Tristan da Cunha: temperate marine; mild, tempered by trade winds (tends to be cooler than Saint Helena)
|
| Saint Kitts and Nevis |
tropical, tempered by constant sea breezes; little seasonal temperature variation; rainy season (May to November)
|
| Saint Lucia |
tropical, moderated by northeast trade winds; dry season January to April, rainy season May to August
|
| Saint Martin |
temperature averages 27-29 degrees Celsius all year long; low humidity, gentle trade winds, brief, intense rain showers; hurricane season stretches from July to November
|
| Saint Pierre and Miquelon |
cold and wet, with considerable mist and fog; spring and autumn are often windy
|
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines |
tropical; little seasonal temperature variation; rainy season (May to November)
|
| Samoa |
tropical; rainy season (November to April), dry season (May to October)
|
| San Marino |
Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers
|
| Sao Tome and Principe |
tropical; hot, humid; one rainy season (October to May)
|
| Saudi Arabia |
harsh, dry desert with great temperature extremes
|
| Senegal |
tropical; hot, humid; rainy season (May to November) has strong southeast winds; dry season (December to April) dominated by hot, dry, harmattan wind
|
| Serbia |
in the north, continental climate (cold winters and hot, humid summers with well-distributed rainfall); in other parts, continental and Mediterranean climate (relatively cold winters with heavy snowfall and hot, dry summers and autumns)
|
| Seychelles |
tropical marine; humid; cooler season during southeast monsoon (late May to September); warmer season during northwest monsoon (March to May)
|
| Sierra Leone |
tropical; hot, humid; summer rainy season (May to December); winter dry season (December to April)
|
| Singapore |
tropical; hot, humid, rainy; two distinct monsoon seasons - northeastern monsoon (December to March) and southwestern monsoon (June to September); inter-monsoon - frequent afternoon and early evening thunderstorms
|
| Sint Maarten |
tropical marine climate, ameliorated by northeast trade winds, results in moderate temperatures; average rainfall of 150 cm/year; hurricane season stretches from July to November
|
| Slovakia |
temperate; cool summers; cold, cloudy, humid winters
|
| Slovenia |
Mediterranean climate on the coast, continental climate with mild to hot summers and cold winters in the plateaus and valleys to the east
|
| Solomon Islands |
tropical monsoon; few temperature and weather extremes
|
| Somalia |
principally desert; northeast monsoon (December to February), moderate temperatures in north and hot in south; southwest monsoon (May to October), torrid in the north and hot in the south, irregular rainfall, hot and humid periods (tangambili) between monsoons
|
| South Africa |
mostly semiarid; subtropical along east coast; sunny days, cool nights
|
| Southern Ocean |
sea temperatures vary from about 10 degrees Celsius to -2 degrees Celsius; cyclonic storms travel eastward around the continent and frequently are intense because of the temperature contrast between ice and open ocean; the ocean area from about latitude 40 south to the Antarctic Circle has the strongest average winds found anywhere on Earth; in winter the ocean freezes outward to 65 degrees south latitude in the Pacific sector and 55 degrees south latitude in the Atlantic sector, lowering surface temperatures well below 0 degrees Celsius; at some coastal points intense persistent drainage winds from the interior keep the shoreline ice-free throughout the winter
|
| South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands |
variable, with mostly westerly winds throughout the year interspersed with periods of calm; nearly all precipitation falls as snow
|
| South Sudan |
hot with seasonal rainfall influenced by the annual shift of the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone; rainfall heaviest in upland areas of the south and diminishes to the north
|
| Spain |
temperate; clear, hot summers in interior, more moderate and cloudy along coast; cloudy, cold winters in interior, partly cloudy and cool along coast
|
| Spratly Islands |
tropical
|
| Sri Lanka |
tropical monsoon; northeast monsoon (December to March); southwest monsoon (June to October)
|
| Sudan |
hot and dry; arid desert; rainy season varies by region (April to November)
|
| Suriname |
tropical; moderated by trade winds
|
| Svalbard |
arctic, tempered by warm North Atlantic Current; cool summers, cold winters; North Atlantic Current flows along west and north coasts of Spitsbergen, keeping water open and navigable most of the year
|
| Swaziland |
varies from tropical to near temperate
|
| Sweden |
temperate in south with cold, cloudy winters and cool, partly cloudy summers; subarctic in north
|
| Switzerland |
temperate, but varies with altitude; cold, cloudy, rainy/snowy winters; cool to warm, cloudy, humid summers with occasional showers
|
| Syria |
mostly desert; hot, dry, sunny summers (June to August) and mild, rainy winters (December to February) along coast; cold weather with snow or sleet periodically in Damascus
|
| Taiwan |
tropical; marine; rainy season during southwest monsoon (June to August); persistent and extensive cloudiness all year
|
| Tajikistan |
mid-latitude continental, hot summers, mild winters; semiarid to polar in Pamir Mountains
|
| Tanzania |
varies from tropical along coast to temperate in highlands
|
| Thailand |
tropical; rainy, warm, cloudy southwest monsoon (mid-May to September); dry, cool northeast monsoon (November to mid-March); southern isthmus always hot and humid
|
| Timor-Leste |
tropical; hot, humid; distinct rainy and dry seasons
|
| Togo |
tropical; hot, humid in south; semiarid in north
|
| Tokelau |
tropical; moderated by trade winds (April to November)
|
| Tonga |
tropical; modified by trade winds; warm season (December to May), cool season (May to December)
|
| Trinidad and Tobago |
tropical; rainy season (June to December)
|
| Tunisia |
temperate in north with mild, rainy winters and hot, dry summers; desert in south
|
| Turkey |
temperate; hot, dry summers with mild, wet winters; harsher in interior
|
| Turkmenistan |
subtropical desert
|
| Turks and Caicos Islands |
tropical; marine; moderated by trade winds; sunny and relatively dry
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| Tuvalu |
tropical; moderated by easterly trade winds (March to November); westerly gales and heavy rain (November to March)
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| Uganda |
tropical; generally rainy with two dry seasons (December to February, June to August); semiarid in northeast
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| Ukraine |
temperate continental; Mediterranean only on the southern Crimean coast; precipitation disproportionately distributed, highest in west and north, lesser in east and southeast; winters vary from cool along the Black Sea to cold farther inland; warm summers across the greater part of the country, hot in the south
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| United Arab Emirates |
desert; cooler in eastern mountains
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| United Kingdom |
temperate; moderated by prevailing southwest winds over the North Atlantic Current; more than one-half of the days are overcast
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| United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges |
Baker, Howland, and Jarvis Islands: equatorial; scant rainfall, constant wind, burning sun
Johnston Atoll and Kingman Reef: tropical, but generally dry; consistent northeast trade winds with little seasonal temperature variation
Midway Islands: subtropical with cool, moist winters (December to February) and warm, dry summers (May to October); moderated by prevailing easterly winds; most of the 107 cm of annual rainfall occurs during the winter
Palmyra Atoll: equatorial, hot; located within the low pressure area of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) where the northeast and southeast trade winds meet, it is extremely wet with between 400-500 cm of rainfall each year
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| United States |
mostly temperate, but tropical in Hawaii and Florida, arctic in Alaska, semiarid in the great plains west of the Mississippi River, and arid in the Great Basin of the southwest; low winter temperatures in the northwest are ameliorated occasionally in January and February by warm chinook winds from the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains
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| Uruguay |
warm temperate; freezing temperatures almost unknown
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| Uzbekistan |
mostly mid-latitude desert, long, hot summers, mild winters; semiarid grassland in east
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| Vanuatu |
tropical; moderated by southeast trade winds from May to October; moderate rainfall from November to April; may be affected by cyclones from December to April
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| Venezuela |
tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands
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| Vietnam |
tropical in south; monsoonal in north with hot, rainy season (May to September) and warm, dry season (October to March)
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| Virgin Islands |
subtropical, tempered by easterly trade winds, relatively low humidity, little seasonal temperature variation; rainy season September to November
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| Wake Island |
tropical
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| Wallis and Futuna |
tropical; hot, rainy season (November to April); cool, dry season (May to October); rains 250-300 cm per year (80% humidity); average temperature 26.6 degrees Celsius
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| West Bank |
temperate; temperature and precipitation vary with altitude, warm to hot summers, cool to mild winters
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| Western Sahara |
hot, dry desert; rain is rare; cold offshore air currents produce fog and heavy dew
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| World |
a wide equatorial band of hot and humid tropical climates, bordered north and south by subtropical temperate zones that separate two large areas of cold and dry polar climates
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| Yemen |
mostly desert; hot and humid along west coast; temperate in western mountains affected by seasonal monsoon; extraordinarily hot, dry, harsh desert in east
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| Zambia |
tropical; modified by altitude; rainy season (October to April)
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| Zimbabwe |
tropical; moderated by altitude; rainy season (November to March)
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